Programmed cell death protein 6

Details

Name
Programmed cell death protein 6
Kind
protein
Synonyms
  • ALG-2
  • ALG2
  • Apoptosis-linked gene 2 protein homolog
Gene Name
PDCD6
UniProtKB Entry
O75340Swiss-Prot
Organism
Humans
NCBI Taxonomy ID
9606
Amino acid sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0009841|Programmed cell death protein 6
MAAYSYRPGPGAGPGPAAGAALPDQSFLWNVFQRVDKDRSGVISDTELQQALSNGTWTPF
NPVTVRSIISMFDRENKAGVNFSEFTGVWKYITDWQNVFRTYDRDNSGMIDKNELKQALS
GFGYRLSDQFHDILIRKFDRQGRGQIAFDDFIQGCIVLQRLTDIFRRYDTDQDGWIQVSY
EQYLSMVFSIV
Number of residues
191
Molecular Weight
21868.32
Theoretical pI
Not Available
GO Classification
Functions
calcium ion binding / calcium-dependent protein binding / identical protein binding / protein dimerization activity
Processes
angiogenesis / apoptotic signaling pathway / cellular response to heat / intracellular protein transport / negative regulation of TOR signaling / negative regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway / positive regulation of angiogenesis / positive regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process / positive regulation of endothelial cell migration / positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation / response to calcium ion / vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 signaling pathway
Components
cytoplasm / cytoplasmic vesicle / endoplasmic reticulum / endoplasmic reticulum exit site / endoplasmic reticulum membrane / endosome / extracellular exosome / nucleus
General Function
Calcium sensor that plays a key role in processes such as endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-Golgi vesicular transport, endosomal biogenesis or membrane repair. Acts as an adapter that bridges unrelated proteins or stabilizes weak protein-protein complexes in response to calcium: calcium-binding triggers exposure of apolar surface, promoting interaction with different sets of proteins thanks to 3 different hydrophobic pockets, leading to translocation to membranes (PubMed:20691033, PubMed:25667979). Involved in ER-Golgi transport by promoting the association between PDCD6IP and TSG101, thereby bridging together the ESCRT-III and ESCRT-I complexes (PubMed:19520058). Together with PEF1, acts as a calcium-dependent adapter for the BCR(KLHL12) complex, a complex involved in ER-Golgi transport by regulating the size of COPII coats (PubMed:27716508). In response to cytosolic calcium increase, the heterodimer formed with PEF1 interacts with, and bridges together the BCR(KLHL12) complex and SEC31 (SEC31A or SEC31B), promoting monoubiquitination of SEC31 and subsequent collagen export, which is required for neural crest specification (PubMed:27716508). Involved in the regulation of the distribution and function of MCOLN1 in the endosomal pathway (PubMed:19864416). Promotes localization and polymerization of TFG at endoplasmic reticulum exit site (PubMed:27813252). Required for T-cell receptor-, Fas-, and glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis (By similarity). May mediate Ca(2+)-regulated signals along the death pathway: interaction with DAPK1 can accelerate apoptotic cell death by increasing caspase-3 activity (PubMed:16132846). Its role in apoptosis may however be indirect, as suggested by knockout experiments (By similarity). May inhibit KDR/VEGFR2-dependent angiogenesis; the function involves inhibition of VEGF-induced phosphorylation of the Akt signaling pathway (PubMed:21893193). In case of infection by HIV-1 virus, indirectly inhibits HIV-1 production by affecting viral Gag expression and distribution (PubMed:27784779)
Specific Function
Calcium ion binding
Pfam Domain Function
Signal Regions
Not Available
Transmembrane Regions
Not Available
Cellular Location
Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
Gene sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0017845|Programmed cell death protein 6 (PDCD6)
ATGGCCGCCTACTCTTACCGCCCCGGCCCTGGGGCCGGCCCTGGGCCTGCTGCAGGCGCG
GCGCTGCCGGACCAGAGCTTCCTGTGGAACGTTTTCCAGAGGGTCGATAAAGACAGGAGT
GGAGTGATATCAGACACCGAGCTTCAGCAAGCTCTCTCCAACGGCACGTGGACTCCCTTT
AATCCAGTGACTGTCAGGTCGATCATATCCATGTTTGACCGTGAGAACAAGGCCGGCGTG
AACTTCAGCGAGTTCACGGGTGTGTGGAAGTACATCACGGACTGGCAGAACGTCTTCCGC
ACGTACGACCGGGACAACTCCGGGATGATCGATAAGAACGAGCTGAAGCAGGCCCTCTCA
GGCTACCGGCTCTCTGACCAGTTCCACGACATCCTCATTCGAAAGTTTGACAGGCAGGGA
CGGGGGCAGATTGCCTTCGACGACTTCATCCAGGGCTGCATCGTCCTGCAGAGGTTGACG
GATATATTCAGACGTTACGACACGGATCAGGACGGCTGGATTCAGGTGTCGTACGAACAG
TACCTGTCCATGGTCTTCAGTATCGTATGA
Chromosome Location
5
Locus
5p15.33
External Identifiers
ResourceLink
UniProtKB IDO75340
UniProtKB Entry NamePDCD6_HUMAN
GeneCard IDPDCD6
HGNC IDHGNC:8765
PDB ID(s)2ZN8, 2ZN9, 2ZND, 2ZNE, 2ZRS, 2ZRT, 3AAJ, 3AAK, 3WXA, 5GQQ
KEGG IDhsa:10016
NCBI Gene ID10016
General References
  1. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [Article]
  2. Schmutz J, Martin J, Terry A, Couronne O, Grimwood J, Lowry S, Gordon LA, Scott D, Xie G, Huang W, Hellsten U, Tran-Gyamfi M, She X, Prabhakar S, Aerts A, Altherr M, Bajorek E, Black S, Branscomb E, Caoile C, Challacombe JF, Chan YM, Denys M, Detter JC, Escobar J, Flowers D, Fotopulos D, Glavina T, Gomez M, Gonzales E, Goodstein D, Grigoriev I, Groza M, Hammon N, Hawkins T, Haydu L, Israni S, Jett J, Kadner K, Kimball H, Kobayashi A, Lopez F, Lou Y, Martinez D, Medina C, Morgan J, Nandkeshwar R, Noonan JP, Pitluck S, Pollard M, Predki P, Priest J, Ramirez L, Retterer J, Rodriguez A, Rogers S, Salamov A, Salazar A, Thayer N, Tice H, Tsai M, Ustaszewska A, Vo N, Wheeler J, Wu K, Yang J, Dickson M, Cheng JF, Eichler EE, Olsen A, Pennacchio LA, Rokhsar DS, Richardson P, Lucas SM, Myers RM, Rubin EM: The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 5. Nature. 2004 Sep 16;431(7006):268-74. [Article]
  3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [Article]
  4. Kitaura Y, Matsumoto S, Satoh H, Hitomi K, Maki M: Peflin and ALG-2, members of the penta-EF-hand protein family, form a heterodimer that dissociates in a Ca2+-dependent manner. J Biol Chem. 2001 Apr 27;276(17):14053-8. Epub 2001 Feb 1. [Article]
  5. Kitaura Y, Satoh H, Takahashi H, Shibata H, Maki M: Both ALG-2 and peflin, penta-EF-hand (PEF) proteins, are stabilized by dimerization through their fifth EF-hand regions. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2002 Mar 1;399(1):12-8. [Article]
  6. Satoh H, Shibata H, Nakano Y, Kitaura Y, Maki M: ALG-2 interacts with the amino-terminal domain of annexin XI in a Ca(2+)-dependent manner. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2002 Mar 15;291(5):1166-72. [Article]
  7. Lee JH, Rho SB, Chun T: Programmed cell death 6 (PDCD6) protein interacts with death-associated protein kinase 1 (DAPk1): additive effect on apoptosis via caspase-3 dependent pathway. Biotechnol Lett. 2005 Jul;27(14):1011-5. [Article]
  8. Montaville P, Dai Y, Cheung CY, Giller K, Becker S, Michalak M, Webb SE, Miller AL, Krebs J: Nuclear translocation of the calcium-binding protein ALG-2 induced by the RNA-binding protein RBM22. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2006 Nov;1763(11):1335-43. Epub 2006 Sep 14. [Article]
  9. Yamasaki A, Tani K, Yamamoto A, Kitamura N, Komada M: The Ca2+-binding protein ALG-2 is recruited to endoplasmic reticulum exit sites by Sec31A and stabilizes the localization of Sec31A. Mol Biol Cell. 2006 Nov;17(11):4876-87. Epub 2006 Sep 6. [Article]
  10. Draeby I, Woods YL, la Cour JM, Mollerup J, Bourdon JC, Berchtold MW: The calcium binding protein ALG-2 binds and stabilizes Scotin, a p53-inducible gene product localized at the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2007 Nov 1;467(1):87-94. Epub 2007 Aug 21. [Article]
  11. Shibata H, Suzuki H, Kakiuchi T, Inuzuka T, Yoshida H, Mizuno T, Maki M: Identification of Alix-type and Non-Alix-type ALG-2-binding sites in human phospholipid scramblase 3: differential binding to an alternatively spliced isoform and amino acid-substituted mutants. J Biol Chem. 2008 Apr 11;283(15):9623-32. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M800717200. Epub 2008 Feb 6. [Article]
  12. Okumura M, Ichioka F, Kobayashi R, Suzuki H, Yoshida H, Shibata H, Maki M: Penta-EF-hand protein ALG-2 functions as a Ca2+-dependent adaptor that bridges Alix and TSG101. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2009 Aug 14;386(1):237-41. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.06.015. Epub 2009 Jun 9. [Article]
  13. Vergarajauregui S, Martina JA, Puertollano R: Identification of the penta-EF-hand protein ALG-2 as a Ca2+-dependent interactor of mucolipin-1. J Biol Chem. 2009 Dec 25;284(52):36357-66. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M109.047241. Epub 2009 Oct 28. [Article]
  14. Burkard TR, Planyavsky M, Kaupe I, Breitwieser FP, Burckstummer T, Bennett KL, Superti-Furga G, Colinge J: Initial characterization of the human central proteome. BMC Syst Biol. 2011 Jan 26;5:17. doi: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17. [Article]
  15. Janowicz A, Michalak M, Krebs J: Stress induced subcellular distribution of ALG-2, RBM22 and hSlu7. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2011 May;1813(5):1045-9. doi: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2010.11.010. Epub 2010 Nov 29. [Article]
  16. Rho SB, Song YJ, Lim MC, Lee SH, Kim BR, Park SY: Programmed cell death 6 (PDCD6) inhibits angiogenesis through PI3K/mTOR/p70S6K pathway by interacting of VEGFR-2. Cell Signal. 2012 Jan;24(1):131-9. doi: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2011.08.013. Epub 2011 Aug 26. [Article]
  17. Bienvenut WV, Sumpton D, Martinez A, Lilla S, Espagne C, Meinnel T, Giglione C: Comparative large scale characterization of plant versus mammal proteins reveals similar and idiosyncratic N-alpha-acetylation features. Mol Cell Proteomics. 2012 Jun;11(6):M111.015131. doi: 10.1074/mcp.M111.015131. Epub 2012 Jan 5. [Article]
  18. Vaca Jacome AS, Rabilloud T, Schaeffer-Reiss C, Rompais M, Ayoub D, Lane L, Bairoch A, Van Dorsselaer A, Carapito C: N-terminome analysis of the human mitochondrial proteome. Proteomics. 2015 Jul;15(14):2519-24. doi: 10.1002/pmic.201400617. Epub 2015 Jun 8. [Article]
  19. Suzuki H, Kawasaki M, Inuzuka T, Okumura M, Kakiuchi T, Shibata H, Wakatsuki S, Maki M: Structural basis for Ca2+ -dependent formation of ALG-2/Alix peptide complex: Ca2+/EF3-driven arginine switch mechanism. Structure. 2008 Oct 8;16(10):1562-73. doi: 10.1016/j.str.2008.07.012. [Article]
  20. Inuzuka T, Suzuki H, Kawasaki M, Shibata H, Wakatsuki S, Maki M: Molecular basis for defect in Alix-binding by alternatively spliced isoform of ALG-2 (ALG-2DeltaGF122) and structural roles of F122 in target recognition. BMC Struct Biol. 2010 Aug 6;10:25. doi: 10.1186/1472-6807-10-25. [Article]
  21. Sjoblom T, Jones S, Wood LD, Parsons DW, Lin J, Barber TD, Mandelker D, Leary RJ, Ptak J, Silliman N, Szabo S, Buckhaults P, Farrell C, Meeh P, Markowitz SD, Willis J, Dawson D, Willson JK, Gazdar AF, Hartigan J, Wu L, Liu C, Parmigiani G, Park BH, Bachman KE, Papadopoulos N, Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW, Velculescu VE: The consensus coding sequences of human breast and colorectal cancers. Science. 2006 Oct 13;314(5797):268-74. Epub 2006 Sep 7. [Article]

Associated Data

Drug Relations
DrugDrug groupPharmacological action?TypeActionsDetails
Calcium citrateapproved, investigationalunknowntargetagonistDetails
Calcium PhosphateapprovedunknowntargetagonistDetails
CalciumnutraceuticalunknowntargetDetails
Zincapproved, investigationalunknowntargetDetails
Calcium phosphate dihydrateapprovedunknowntargetDetails
Zinc acetateapproved, investigationalunknowntargetDetails