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Pindolol Action Pathway
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000306Drug actionPindolol (also known as Visken) a beta blocker (non-selective) that block beta-1 adrenergic receptor in heart. … In the juxtaglomerular apparatus, pindolol can also bind to beta-2 receptors to prevent the production and release of renin (also known as angiotensinogenase).
Enzymes: Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 1, Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 2Procainamide (Antiarrhythmic) Action Pathway
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000324Drug actionThis pathway illustrates the procainamide targets involved in antiarrhythmic therapy. … The positive outflow of potassium ions aids in maintaining the negative intracellular electric potential.
Enzymes: Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 1, Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 2Fosphenytoin (Antiarrhythmic) Action Pathway
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000326Drug actionThis pathway illustrates the fosphenytoin targets involved in antiarrhythmic therapy. … Phenytoin has been found to be beneficial in the treatment of atrial and ventricular arrhythmias.
Enzymes: Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 1, Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 2Tocainide Action Pathway
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000330Drug actionThis pathway illustrates the tocainide targets involved in antiarrhythmic therapy. … Inhibition of I-Na results in an increased threshold of excitability and decreased automaticity.
Enzymes: Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 1, Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 2Flecainide Action Pathway
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000331Drug actionFlecainide shortens the action potential duration in Purkinje cells, but prolongs it in ventricular cells. … Due to its proarrhythmic effects, flecainide increased mortality in patients recovering from myocardial infarctions in the CAST study.
Enzymes: Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 1, Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 2Ibutilide Action Pathway
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000332Drug actionIt may cause Torsades de Pointes in up to 6% of patients. … This pathway illustrates the ibutilide targets involved in antiarrhythmic therapy.
Enzymes: Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 1, Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 2Diltiazem Action Pathway
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000359Drug actionCCBs target L-type calcium channels, the major channel in muscle cells that mediates contraction. Diltiazem is thought to primarily block L-type calcium channels in their open state. … There are at least five different types of calcium channels in Homo sapiens: L-, N-, P/Q-, R- and T-type.
Enzymes: Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 1, Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 2Labetalol Action Pathway
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000368Drug actionLabetalol can bind to beta-1 adrenergic receptor on both vascular smooth muscle, which lead to inhibition of vasoconstriction in peripheral blood vessels and adrenergic stimulation of endothelial cell
Enzymes: Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 1, Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 2Felodipine Action Pathway
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000377Drug actionThe vasodilatory effects of felodipine result in an overall decrease in blood pressure. Felodipine may be used to treat mild to moderate essential hypertension. . … Hypertension is a very common condition in North America, and can be managed with medication, diet and a healthy lifestyle.
Enzymes: Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 1, Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 2Isradipine Action Pathway
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000378Drug actionThere are at least 5 different types of calcium channels in human which are L-, N-, P/Q-, R- and T-type. … Inactivated calcium channel are more frequent in smooth muscle cells because of longer depolarizations.
Enzymes: Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 1, Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 2