Identification
- Generic Name
- Imidazole
- DrugBank Accession Number
- DB03366
- Background
Not Available
- Type
- Small Molecule
- Groups
- Experimental, Investigational
- Structure
Structure for Imidazole (DB03366)
- Weight
- Average: 68.0773
Monoisotopic: 68.037448138 - Chemical Formula
- C3H4N2
- Synonyms
- Not Available
Pharmacology
- Indication
Not Available
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Not Available
- Mechanism of action
Target Actions Organism UMonomeric sarcosine oxidase Not Available Bacillus sp. (strain B-0618) UNicotinate-nucleotide--dimethylbenzimidazole phosphoribosyltransferase Not Available Salmonella typhimurium (strain LT2 / SGSC1412 / ATCC 700720) UMyoglobin Not Available Humans UNitric oxide synthase, inducible Not Available Humans UAdenylate kinase 2, mitochondrial Not Available Humans USerine/threonine-protein kinase pim-1 Not Available Humans UIsopentenyl-diphosphate Delta-isomerase Not Available Escherichia coli (strain K12) UAlpha,alpha-trehalose-phosphate synthase [UDP-forming] Not Available Escherichia coli (strain K12) ULeukotriene A-4 hydrolase Not Available Humans UGephyrin Not Available Humans UAcyl carrier protein Not Available Salmonella typhimurium (strain LT2 / SGSC1412 / ATCC 700720) USensor protein FixL Not Available Bradyrhizobium japonicum (strain USDA 110) UCytochrome c Not Available Humans UCircadian clock protein KaiB Not Available Synechocystis sp. (strain PCC 6803 / Kazusa) UHistidinol dehydrogenase Not Available Escherichia coli (strain K12) UAcyl-CoA thioesterase I Not Available Escherichia coli (strain K12) UA/G-specific adenine glycosylase Not Available Escherichia coli (strain K12) UYopE regulator Not Available Yersinia pestis UUnconventional myosin-Ie Not Available Humans UMeiotic recombination protein DMC1/LIM15 homolog Not Available Humans UGuanine deaminase Not Available Bacillus subtilis (strain 168) UEndo-1,4-beta-xylanase A Not Available Streptomyces lividans UBacterial hemoglobin Not Available Vitreoscilla stercoraria UMolybdenum cofactor biosynthesis protein B Not Available Bacillus cereus (strain ATCC 14579 / DSM 31) UUracil-DNA glycosylase inhibitor Not Available Bacteriophage PBS2 URecombination protein RecR Not Available Deinococcus radiodurans (strain ATCC 13939 / DSM 20539 / JCM 16871 / LMG 4051 / NBRC 15346 / NCIMB 9279 / R1 / VKM B-1422) - Absorption
Not Available
- Volume of distribution
Not Available
- Protein binding
Not Available
- Metabolism
- Not Available
- Route of elimination
Not Available
- Half-life
Not Available
- Clearance
Not Available
- Adverse Effects
Improve decision support & research outcomesWith structured adverse effects data, including: blackbox warnings, adverse reactions, warning & precautions, & incidence rates. View sample adverse effects data in our new Data Library!Improve decision support & research outcomes with our structured adverse effects data.- Toxicity
Not Available
- Pathways
- Not Available
- Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
- Not Available
Interactions
- Drug Interactions
- This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.Not Available
- Food Interactions
- Not Available
Categories
- Drug Categories
- Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
- Description
- This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as imidazoles. These are compounds containing an imidazole ring, which is an aromatic five-member ring with two nitrogen atoms at positions 1 and 3, and three carbon atoms.
- Kingdom
- Organic compounds
- Super Class
- Organoheterocyclic compounds
- Class
- Azoles
- Sub Class
- Imidazoles
- Direct Parent
- Imidazoles
- Alternative Parents
- Heteroaromatic compounds / Azacyclic compounds / Organopnictogen compounds / Organonitrogen compounds / Hydrocarbon derivatives
- Substituents
- Aromatic heteromonocyclic compound / Azacycle / Heteroaromatic compound / Hydrocarbon derivative / Imidazole / Organic nitrogen compound / Organonitrogen compound / Organopnictogen compound
- Molecular Framework
- Aromatic heteromonocyclic compounds
- External Descriptors
- mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent, monocyclic heteroarene, imidazole (CHEBI:16069) / an aromatic compound (IMIDAZOLE-RING)
- Affected organisms
- Not Available
Chemical Identifiers
- UNII
- 7GBN705NH1
- CAS number
- 288-32-4
- InChI Key
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- InChI
- InChI=1S/C3H4N2/c1-2-5-3-4-1/h1-3H,(H,4,5)
- IUPAC Name
- 1H-imidazole
- SMILES
- N1C=CN=C1
References
- General References
- Not Available
- External Links
Clinical Trials
- Clinical Trials
Pharmacoeconomics
- Manufacturers
- Not Available
- Packagers
- Not Available
- Dosage Forms
- Not Available
- Prices
- Not Available
- Patents
- Not Available
Properties
- State
- Solid
- Experimental Properties
Property Value Source melting point (°C) 90.5 °C PhysProp boiling point (°C) 257 °C PhysProp logP -0.08 HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995) pKa 6.95 (at 25 °C) PERRIN,DD (1965) - Predicted Properties
Property Value Source Water Solubility 538.0 mg/mL ALOGPS logP -0.21 ALOGPS logP -0.15 Chemaxon logS 0.9 ALOGPS pKa (Strongest Acidic) 13.4 Chemaxon pKa (Strongest Basic) 6.97 Chemaxon Physiological Charge 0 Chemaxon Hydrogen Acceptor Count 1 Chemaxon Hydrogen Donor Count 1 Chemaxon Polar Surface Area 28.68 Å2 Chemaxon Rotatable Bond Count 0 Chemaxon Refractivity 19.01 m3·mol-1 Chemaxon Polarizability 6.56 Å3 Chemaxon Number of Rings 1 Chemaxon Bioavailability 1 Chemaxon Rule of Five Yes Chemaxon Ghose Filter No Chemaxon Veber's Rule Yes Chemaxon MDDR-like Rule No Chemaxon - Predicted ADMET Features
Property Value Probability Human Intestinal Absorption - 0.6277 Blood Brain Barrier + 0.941 Caco-2 permeable - 0.6298 P-glycoprotein substrate Non-substrate 0.6361 P-glycoprotein inhibitor I Non-inhibitor 0.9898 P-glycoprotein inhibitor II Non-inhibitor 0.993 Renal organic cation transporter Non-inhibitor 0.8539 CYP450 2C9 substrate Non-substrate 0.8607 CYP450 2D6 substrate Non-substrate 0.8618 CYP450 3A4 substrate Non-substrate 0.8558 CYP450 1A2 substrate Non-inhibitor 0.9238 CYP450 2C9 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.7967 CYP450 2D6 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.8626 CYP450 2C19 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.8557 CYP450 3A4 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.6731 CYP450 inhibitory promiscuity Low CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity 0.7629 Ames test Non AMES toxic 0.8894 Carcinogenicity Non-carcinogens 0.9176 Biodegradation Ready biodegradable 0.7028 Rat acute toxicity 2.4260 LD50, mol/kg Not applicable hERG inhibition (predictor I) Weak inhibitor 0.9419 hERG inhibition (predictor II) Non-inhibitor 0.9407
Spectra
- Mass Spec (NIST)
- Not Available
- Spectra
Targets
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- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Bacillus sp. (strain B-0618)
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Sarcosine oxidase activity
- Specific Function
- Catalyzes the oxidative demethylation of sarcosine. Can also oxidize other secondary amino acids such as N-methyl-L-alanine.
- Gene Name
- soxA
- Uniprot ID
- P40859
- Uniprot Name
- Monomeric sarcosine oxidase
- Molecular Weight
- 43181.395 Da
References
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Salmonella typhimurium (strain LT2 / SGSC1412 / ATCC 700720)
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Nicotinate-nucleotide-dimethylbenzimidazole phosphoribosyltransferase activity
- Specific Function
- Catalyzes the synthesis of alpha-ribazole-5'-phosphate from nicotinate mononucleotide (NAMN) and 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole (DMB).
- Gene Name
- cobT
- Uniprot ID
- Q05603
- Uniprot Name
- Nicotinate-nucleotide--dimethylbenzimidazole phosphoribosyltransferase
- Molecular Weight
- 36612.305 Da
References
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Oxygen transporter activity
- Specific Function
- Serves as a reserve supply of oxygen and facilitates the movement of oxygen within muscles.
- Gene Name
- MB
- Uniprot ID
- P02144
- Uniprot Name
- Myoglobin
- Molecular Weight
- 17183.725 Da
References
- Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [Article]
- Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [Article]
- Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Tetrahydrobiopterin binding
- Specific Function
- Produces nitric oxide (NO) which is a messenger molecule with diverse functions throughout the body. In macrophages, NO mediates tumoricidal and bactericidal actions. Also has nitrosylase activity ...
- Gene Name
- NOS2
- Uniprot ID
- P35228
- Uniprot Name
- Nitric oxide synthase, inducible
- Molecular Weight
- 131116.3 Da
References
- Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [Article]
- Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [Article]
- Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Atp binding
- Specific Function
- Catalyzes the reversible transfer of the terminal phosphate group between ATP and AMP. Plays an important role in cellular energy homeostasis and in adenine nucleotide metabolism. Adenylate kinase ...
- Gene Name
- AK2
- Uniprot ID
- P54819
- Uniprot Name
- Adenylate kinase 2, mitochondrial
- Molecular Weight
- 26477.44 Da
References
- Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [Article]
- Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [Article]
- Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Transcription factor binding
- Specific Function
- Proto-oncogene with serine/threonine kinase activity involved in cell survival and cell proliferation and thus providing a selective advantage in tumorigenesis. Exerts its oncogenic activity throug...
- Gene Name
- PIM1
- Uniprot ID
- P11309
- Uniprot Name
- Serine/threonine-protein kinase pim-1
- Molecular Weight
- 45411.905 Da
References
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Escherichia coli (strain K12)
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Metal ion binding
- Specific Function
- Catalyzes the 1,3-allylic rearrangement of the homoallylic substrate isopentenyl (IPP) to its highly electrophilic allylic isomer, dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP).
- Gene Name
- idi
- Uniprot ID
- Q46822
- Uniprot Name
- Isopentenyl-diphosphate Delta-isomerase
- Molecular Weight
- 20508.085 Da
References
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Escherichia coli (strain K12)
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Alpha,alpha-trehalose-phosphate synthase (udp-forming) activity
- Specific Function
- Catalyzes the transfer of glucose from UDP-glucose to glucose-6-phosphate to form alpha,alpha-1,1 trehalose-6-phosphate. Acts with retention of the anomeric configuration of the UDP-sugar donor. Es...
- Gene Name
- otsA
- Uniprot ID
- P31677
- Uniprot Name
- Alpha,alpha-trehalose-phosphate synthase [UDP-forming]
- Molecular Weight
- 53610.655 Da
References
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Zinc ion binding
- Specific Function
- Epoxide hydrolase that catalyzes the final step in the biosynthesis of the proinflammatory mediator leukotriene B4. Has also aminopeptidase activity.
- Gene Name
- LTA4H
- Uniprot ID
- P09960
- Uniprot Name
- Leukotriene A-4 hydrolase
- Molecular Weight
- 69284.64 Da
References
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Molybdopterin molybdotransferase activity
- Specific Function
- Microtubule-associated protein involved in membrane protein-cytoskeleton interactions. It is thought to anchor the inhibitory glycine receptor (GLYR) to subsynaptic microtubules (By similarity). Ca...
- Gene Name
- GPHN
- Uniprot ID
- Q9NQX3
- Uniprot Name
- Gephyrin
- Molecular Weight
- 79747.635 Da
References
- Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [Article]
- Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [Article]
- Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Salmonella typhimurium (strain LT2 / SGSC1412 / ATCC 700720)
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Acp phosphopantetheine attachment site binding involved in fatty acid biosynthetic process
- Specific Function
- Carrier of the growing fatty acid chain in fatty acid biosynthesis.
- Gene Name
- acpP
- Uniprot ID
- P0A6B1
- Uniprot Name
- Acyl carrier protein
- Molecular Weight
- 8639.455 Da
References
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Bradyrhizobium japonicum (strain USDA 110)
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Phosphorelay sensor kinase activity
- Specific Function
- Putative oxygen sensor; modulates the activity of FixJ, a transcriptional activator of nitrogen fixation fixK gene. FixL probably acts as a kinase that phosphorylates FixJ.
- Gene Name
- fixL
- Uniprot ID
- P23222
- Uniprot Name
- Sensor protein FixL
- Molecular Weight
- 55651.92 Da
References
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Metal ion binding
- Specific Function
- Electron carrier protein. The oxidized form of the cytochrome c heme group can accept an electron from the heme group of the cytochrome c1 subunit of cytochrome reductase. Cytochrome c then transfe...
- Gene Name
- CYCS
- Uniprot ID
- P99999
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome c
- Molecular Weight
- 11748.69 Da
References
- Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [Article]
- Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [Article]
- Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Synechocystis sp. (strain PCC 6803 / Kazusa)
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Identical protein binding
- Specific Function
- Component of the KaiABC clock protein complex, which constitutes the main circadian regulator in cyanobacteria. The KaiABC complex may act as a promoter-non-specific transcription regulator that re...
- Gene Name
- kaiB
- Uniprot ID
- P74645
- Uniprot Name
- Circadian clock protein KaiB
- Molecular Weight
- 11934.89 Da
References
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Escherichia coli (strain K12)
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Zinc ion binding
- Specific Function
- Catalyzes the sequential NAD-dependent oxidations of L-histidinol to L-histidinaldehyde and then to L-histidine.
- Gene Name
- hisD
- Uniprot ID
- P06988
- Uniprot Name
- Histidinol dehydrogenase
- Molecular Weight
- 46109.815 Da
References
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Escherichia coli (strain K12)
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Phospholipase activity
- Specific Function
- Hydrolyzes only long chain acyl thioesters (C12-C18). Specificity similar to chymotrypsin.
- Gene Name
- tesA
- Uniprot ID
- P0ADA1
- Uniprot Name
- Acyl-CoA thioesterase I
- Molecular Weight
- 23621.955 Da
References
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Escherichia coli (strain K12)
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Metal ion binding
- Specific Function
- Adenine glycosylase active on G-A mispairs. MutY also corrects error-prone DNA synthesis past GO lesions which are due to the oxidatively damaged form of guanine: 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine (8-oxo-dG...
- Gene Name
- mutY
- Uniprot ID
- P17802
- Uniprot Name
- Adenine DNA glycosylase
- Molecular Weight
- 39148.835 Da
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Yersinia pestis
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Not Available
- Specific Function
- Positive regulator of YopE.
- Gene Name
- yerA
- Uniprot ID
- P31491
- Uniprot Name
- YopE regulator
- Molecular Weight
- 14649.515 Da
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Phosphatidylinositol binding
- Specific Function
- Myosins are actin-based motor molecules with ATPase activity. Unconventional myosins serve in intracellular movements. Their highly divergent tails bind to membranous compartments, which are then m...
- Gene Name
- MYO1E
- Uniprot ID
- Q12965
- Uniprot Name
- Unconventional myosin-Ie
- Molecular Weight
- 127061.075 Da
References
- Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Single-stranded dna binding
- Specific Function
- May participate in meiotic recombination, specifically in homologous strand assimilation, which is required for the resolution of meiotic double-strand breaks.
- Gene Name
- DMC1
- Uniprot ID
- Q14565
- Uniprot Name
- Meiotic recombination protein DMC1/LIM15 homolog
- Molecular Weight
- 37680.725 Da
References
- Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Bacillus subtilis (strain 168)
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Zinc ion binding
- Specific Function
- Catalyzes the hydrolytic deamination of guanine, producing xanthine and ammonia.
- Gene Name
- guaD
- Uniprot ID
- O34598
- Uniprot Name
- Guanine deaminase
- Molecular Weight
- 17156.265 Da
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Streptomyces lividans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Endo-1,4-beta-xylanase activity
- Specific Function
- Contributes to hydrolyze hemicellulose, the major component of plant cell-walls. XLNA and XLNB seem to act sequentially on the substrate to yield xylobiose and xylose as carbon sources.
- Gene Name
- xlnA
- Uniprot ID
- P26514
- Uniprot Name
- Endo-1,4-beta-xylanase A
- Molecular Weight
- 51162.3 Da
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Vitreoscilla stercoraria
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Oxygen transporter activity
- Specific Function
- This protein functions as a terminal oxidase.
- Gene Name
- vhb
- Uniprot ID
- P04252
- Uniprot Name
- Bacterial hemoglobin
- Molecular Weight
- 15774.205 Da
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Bacillus cereus (strain ATCC 14579 / DSM 31)
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Not Available
- Specific Function
- May be involved in the biosynthesis of molybdopterin.
- Gene Name
- moaB
- Uniprot ID
- Q816R0
- Uniprot Name
- Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis protein B
- Molecular Weight
- 18535.2 Da
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Bacteriophage PBS2
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Not Available
- Specific Function
- This protein binds specifically and reversibly to the host uracil-DNA glycosylase, preventing removal of uracil residues from PBS2 DNA by the host uracil-excision repair system.
- Gene Name
- UGI
- Uniprot ID
- P14739
- Uniprot Name
- Uracil-DNA glycosylase inhibitor
- Molecular Weight
- 9475.645 Da
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Deinococcus radiodurans (strain ATCC 13939 / DSM 20539 / JCM 16871 / LMG 4051 / NBRC 15346 / NCIMB 9279 / R1 / VKM B-1422)
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Metal ion binding
- Specific Function
- May play a role in DNA repair. It seems to be involved in an RecBC-independent recombinational process of DNA repair. It may act with RecF and RecO.
- Gene Name
- recR
- Uniprot ID
- Q9ZNA2
- Uniprot Name
- Recombination protein RecR
- Molecular Weight
- 23722.925 Da
Drug created at June 13, 2005 13:24 / Updated at June 12, 2020 16:52