Hexokinase-4
Details
- Name
- Hexokinase-4
- Kind
- protein
- Synonyms
- 2.7.1.1
- Glucokinase
- Hexokinase type IV
- Hexokinase-D
- HK IV
- HK4
- Gene Name
- GCK
- UniProtKB Entry
- P35557Swiss-Prot
- Organism
- Humans
- NCBI Taxonomy ID
- 9606
- Amino acid sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0002103|Hexokinase-4 MLDDRARMEAAKKEKVEQILAEFQLQEEDLKKVMRRMQKEMDRGLRLETHEEASVKMLPT YVRSTPEGSEVGDFLSLDLGGTNFRVMLVKVGEGEEGQWSVKTKHQMYSIPEDAMTGTAE MLFDYISECISDFLDKHQMKHKKLPLGFTFSFPVRHEDIDKGILLNWTKGFKASGAEGNN VVGLLRDAIKRRGDFEMDVVAMVNDTVATMISCYYEDHQCEVGMIVGTGCNACYMEEMQN VELVEGDEGRMCVNTEWGAFGDSGELDEFLLEYDRLVDESSANPGQQLYEKLIGGKYMGE LVRLVLLRLVDENLLFHGEASEQLRTRGAFETRFVSQVESDTGDRKQIYNILSTLGLRPS TTDCDIVRRACESVSTRAAHMCSAGLAGVINRMRESRSEDVMRITVGVDGSVYKLHPSFK ERFHASVRRLTPSCEITFIESEEGSGRGAALVSAVACKKACMLGQ
- Number of residues
- 465
- Molecular Weight
- 52191.07
- Theoretical pI
- 4.85
- GO Classification
- FunctionsD-glucose binding / fructokinase activity / glucose sensor activity / mannokinase activityProcessescarbohydrate phosphorylation / glucose catabolic process / intracellular glucose homeostasis / response to glucose
- General Function
- Catalyzes the phosphorylation of hexose, such as D-glucose, D-fructose and D-mannose, to hexose 6-phosphate (D-glucose 6-phosphate, D-fructose 6-phosphate and D-mannose 6-phosphate, respectively) (PubMed:11916951, PubMed:15277402, PubMed:17082186, PubMed:18322640, PubMed:19146401, PubMed:25015100, PubMed:7742312, PubMed:8325892). Compared to other hexokinases, has a weak affinity for D-glucose, and is effective only when glucose is abundant (By similarity). Mainly expressed in pancreatic beta cells and the liver and constitutes a rate-limiting step in glucose metabolism in these tissues (PubMed:11916951, PubMed:15277402, PubMed:18322640, PubMed:25015100, PubMed:8325892). Since insulin secretion parallels glucose metabolism and the low glucose affinity of GCK ensures that it can change its enzymatic activity within the physiological range of glucose concentrations, GCK acts as a glucose sensor in the pancreatic beta cell (By similarity). In pancreas, plays an important role in modulating insulin secretion (By similarity). In liver, helps to facilitate the uptake and conversion of glucose by acting as an insulin-sensitive determinant of hepatic glucose usage (By similarity). Required to provide D-glucose 6-phosphate for the synthesis of glycogen (PubMed:8878425). Mediates the initial step of glycolysis by catalyzing phosphorylation of D-glucose to D-glucose 6-phosphate (PubMed:7742312)
- Specific Function
- ATP binding
- Pfam Domain Function
- Signal Regions
- Not Available
- Transmembrane Regions
- Not Available
- Cellular Location
- Cytoplasm
- Gene sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0016300|Glucokinase (GCK) ATGCTGGACGACAGAGCCAGGATGGAGGCCGCCAAGAAGGAGAAGGTAGAGCAGATCCTG GCAGAGTTCCAGCTGCAGGAGGAGGACCTGAAGAAGGTGATGAGACGGATGCAGAAGGAG ATGGACCGCGGCCTGAGGCTGGAGACCCATGAAGAGGCCAGTGTGAAGATGCTGCCCACC TACGTGCGCTCCACCCCAGAAGGCTCAGAAGTCGGGGACTTCCTCTCCCTGGACCTGGGT GGCACTAACTTCAGGGTGATGCTGGTGAAGGTGGGAGAAGGTGAGGAGGGGCAGTGGAGC GTGAAGACCAAACACCAGATGTACTCCATCCCCGAGGACGCCATGACCGGCACTGCTGAG ATGCTCTTCGACTACATCTCTGAGTGCATCTCCGACTTCCTGGACAAGCATCAGATGAAA CACAAGAAGCTGCCCCTGGGCTTCACCTTCTCCTTTCCTGTGAGGCACGAAGACATCGAT AAGGGCATCCTTCTCAACTGGACCAAGGGCTTCAAGGCCTCAGGAGCAGAAGGGAACAAT GTCGTGGGGCTTCTGCGAGACGCTATCAAACGGAGAGGGGACTTTGAAATGGATGTGGTG GCAATGGTGAATGACACGGTGGCCACGATGATCTCCTGCTACTACGAAGACCATCAGTGC GAGGTCGGCATGATCGTGGGCACGGGCTGCAATGCCTGCTACATGGAGGAGATGCAGAAT GTGGAGCTGGTGGAGGGGGACGAGGGCCGCATGTGCGTCAATACCGAGTGGGGCGCCTTC GGGGACTCCGGCGAGCTGGACGAGTTCCTGCTGGAGTATGACCGCCTGGTGGACGAGAGC TCTGCAAACCCCGGTCAGCAGCTGTATGAGAAGCTCATAGGTGGCAAGTACATGGGCGAG CTGGTGCGGCTTGTGCTGCTCAGGCTCGTGGACGAAAACCTGCTCTTCCACGGGGAGGCC TCCGAGCAGCTGCGCACACGCGGAGCCTTCGAGACGCGCTTCGTGTCGCAGGTGGAGAGC GACACGGGCGACCGCAAGCAGATCTACAACATCCTGAGCACGCTGGGGCTGCGACCCTCG ACCACCGACTGCGACATCGTGCGCCGCGCCTGCGAGAGCGTGTCTACGCGCGCTGCGCAC ATGTGCTCGGCGGGGCTGGCGGGCGTCATCAACCGCATGCGCGAGAGCCGCAGCGAGGAC GTAATGCGCATCACTGTGGGCGTGGATGGCTCCGTGTACAAGCTGCACCCCAGCTTCAAG GAGCGGTTCCATGCCAGCGTGCGCAGGCTGACGCCCAGCTGCGAGATCACCTTCATCGAG TCGGAGGAGGGCAGTGGCCGGGGCGCGGCCCTGGTCTCGGCGGTGGCCTGTAAGAAGGCC TGTATGCTGGGCCAGTGA
- Chromosome Location
- 7
- Locus
- 7p13
- External Identifiers
Resource Link UniProtKB ID P35557 UniProtKB Entry Name HXK4_HUMAN GenBank Protein ID 179427 GenBank Gene ID M88011 GeneCard ID GCK GenAtlas ID GCK HGNC ID HGNC:4195 PDB ID(s) 1V4S, 1V4T, 3A0I, 3F9M, 3FGU, 3FR0, 3GOI, 3H1V, 3ID8, 3IDH, 3IMX, 3QIC, 3S41, 3VEV, 3VEY, 3VF6, 4DCH, 4DHY, 4ISE, 4ISF, 4ISG, 4IWV, 4IXC, 4L3Q, 4LC9, 4MLE, 4MLH, 4NO7, 4RCH, 5V4W, 5V4X, 6E0E, 6E0I, 7T78, 7T79 KEGG ID hsa:2645 IUPHAR/Guide To Pharmacology ID 2798 NCBI Gene ID 2645 - General References
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- Steele AM, Tribble ND, Caswell R, Wensley KJ, Hattersley AT, Gloyn AL, Ellard S: The previously reported T342P GCK missense variant is not a pathogenic mutation causing MODY. Diabetologia. 2011 Aug;54(8):2202-5. doi: 10.1007/s00125-011-2194-5. Epub 2011 May 21. [Article]
Associated Data
- Drug Relations