Galectin-3

Details

Name

Galectin-3

Synonyms

• 35 kDa lectin
• Carbohydrate-binding protein 35
• CBP 35
• Gal-3
• Galactose-specific lectin 3
• Galactoside-binding protein
• GALBP
• IgE-binding protein
• L-31
• Laminin-binding protein
• Lectin L-29
• Mac-2 antigen
• MAC2

Gene Name

LGALS3

Organism

Humans

Amino acid sequence

>lcl|BSEQ0020526|Galectin-3
MADNFSLHDALSGSGNPNPQGWPGAWGNQPAGAGGYPGASYPGAYPGQAPPGAYPGQAPP
GAYPGAPGAYPGAPAPGVYPGPPSGPGAYPSSGQPSATGAYPATGPYGAPAGPLIVPYNL
PLPGGVVPRMLITILGTVKPNANRIALDFQRGNDVAFHFNPRFNENNRRVIVCNTKLDNN
WGREERQSVFPFESGKPFKIQVLVEPDHFKVAVNDAHLLQYNHRVKKLNEISKLGISGDI
DLTSASYTMI

Number of residues

250

Molecular Weight

26152.165

Theoretical pI

8.82

GO Classification

Functions

carbohydrate binding / chemoattractant activity / IgE binding / laminin binding / poly(A) RNA binding

Processes

eosinophil chemotaxis / epithelial cell differentiation / extracellular matrix organization / innate immune response / macrophage chemotaxis / monocyte chemotaxis / mononuclear cell migration / mRNA processing / negative regulation of endocytosis / negative regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway / negative regulation of immunological synapse formation / negative regulation of T cell activation via T cell receptor contact with antigen bound to MHC molecule on antigen presenting cell / negative regulation of T cell receptor signaling pathway / neutrophil chemotaxis / positive chemotaxis / positive regulation of calcium ion import / positive regulation of mononuclear cell migration / regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors / regulation of T cell apoptotic process / regulation of T cell proliferation / RNA splicing / skeletal system development

Components

cytoplasm / external side of plasma membrane / extracellular exosome / extracellular space / immunological synapse / membrane / mitochondrial inner membrane / nucleus / plasma membrane / proteinaceous extracellular matrix / spliceosomal complex

General Function

Poly(a) rna binding

Specific Function

Galactose-specific lectin which binds IgE. May mediate with the alpha-3, beta-1 integrin the stimulation by CSPG4 of endothelial cells migration. Together with DMBT1, required for terminal differentiation of columnar epithelial cells during early embryogenesis (By similarity). In the nucleus: acts as a pre-mRNA splicing factor. Involved in acute inflammatory responses including neutrophil activation and adhesion, chemoattraction of monocytes macrophages, opsonization of apoptotic neutrophils, and activation of mast cells.

Pfam Domain Function

• Gal-bind_lectin (PF00337)

Transmembrane Regions

Not Available

Cellular Location

Cytoplasm

Gene sequence

>lcl|BSEQ0002686|753 bp
ATGGCAGACAATTTTTCGCTCCATGATGCGTTATCTGGGTCTGGAAACCCAAACCCTCAA
GGATGGCCTGGCGCATGGGGGAACCAGCCTGCTGGGGCAGGGGGCTACCCAGGGGCTTCC
TATCCTGGGGCCTACCCCGGGCAGGCACCCCCAGGGGCTTATCCTGGACAGGCACCTCCA
GGCGCCTACCATGGAGCACCTGGAGCTTATCCCGGAGCACCTGCACCTGGAGTCTACCCA
GGGCCACCCAGCGGCCCTGGGGCCTACCCATCTTCTGGACAGCCAAGTGCCCCCGGAGCC
TACCCTGCCACTGGCCCCTATGGCGCCCCTGCTGGGCCACTGATTGTGCCTTATAACCTG
CCTTTGCCTGGGGGAGTGGTGCCTCGCATGCTGATAACAATTCTGGGCACGGTGAAGCCC
AATGCAAACAGAATTGCTTTAGATTTCCAAAGAGGGAATGATGTTGCCTTCCACTTTAAC
CCACGCTTCAATGAGAACAACAGGAGAGTCATTGTTTGCAATACAAAGCTGGATAATAAC
TGGGGAAGGGAAGAAAGACAGTCGGTTTTCCCATTTGAAAGTGGGAAACCATTCAAAATA
CAAGTACTGGTTGAACCTGACCACTTCAAGGTTGCAGTGAATGATGCTCACTTGTTGCAG
TACAATCATCGGGTTAAAAAACTCAATGAAATCAGCAAACTGGGAATTTCTGGTGACATA
GACCTCACCAGTGCTTCATATACCATGATATAA

Chromosome Location

Not Available

Locus

14q21-q22

External Identifiers

Resource	Link
UniProtKB ID	P17931
UniProtKB Entry Name	LEG3_HUMAN
GenBank Protein ID	179531
GenBank Gene ID	M57710
GenAtlas ID	LGALS3
HGNC ID	HGNC:6563

General References

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2. Cherayil BJ, Chaitovitz S, Wong C, Pillai S: Molecular cloning of a human macrophage lectin specific for galactose. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Sep;87(18):7324-8. [Article]
3. Oda Y, Leffler H, Sakakura Y, Kasai K, Barondes SH: Human breast carcinoma cDNA encoding a galactoside-binding lectin homologous to mouse Mac-2 antigen. Gene. 1991 Mar 15;99(2):279-83. [Article]
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5. Lotz MM, Andrews CW Jr, Korzelius CA, Lee EC, Steele GD Jr, Clarke A, Mercurio AM: Decreased expression of Mac-2 (carbohydrate binding protein 35) and loss of its nuclear localization are associated with the neoplastic progression of colon carcinoma. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Apr 15;90(8):3466-70. [Article]
6. Kadrofske MM, Openo KP, Wang JL: The human LGALS3 (galectin-3) gene: determination of the gene structure and functional characterization of the promoter. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1998 Jan 1;349(1):7-20. [Article]
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10. Huflejt ME, Turck CW, Lindstedt R, Barondes SH, Leffler H: L-29, a soluble lactose-binding lectin, is phosphorylated on serine 6 and serine 12 in vivo and by casein kinase I. J Biol Chem. 1993 Dec 15;268(35):26712-8. [Article]
11. Sasaki T, Brakebusch C, Engel J, Timpl R: Mac-2 binding protein is a cell-adhesive protein of the extracellular matrix which self-assembles into ring-like structures and binds beta1 integrins, collagens and fibronectin. EMBO J. 1998 Mar 16;17(6):1606-13. [Article]
12. Fukushi J, Makagiansar IT, Stallcup WB: NG2 proteoglycan promotes endothelial cell motility and angiogenesis via engagement of galectin-3 and alpha3beta1 integrin. Mol Biol Cell. 2004 Aug;15(8):3580-90. Epub 2004 Jun 4. [Article]
13. Henderson NC, Sethi T: The regulation of inflammation by galectin-3. Immunol Rev. 2009 Jul;230(1):160-71. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-065X.2009.00794.x. [Article]
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15. Haudek KC, Spronk KJ, Voss PG, Patterson RJ, Wang JL, Arnoys EJ: Dynamics of galectin-3 in the nucleus and cytoplasm. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2010 Feb;1800(2):181-9. doi: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2009.07.005. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [Article]
16. Burkard TR, Planyavsky M, Kaupe I, Breitwieser FP, Burckstummer T, Bennett KL, Superti-Furga G, Colinge J: Initial characterization of the human central proteome. BMC Syst Biol. 2011 Jan 26;5:17. doi: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17. [Article]
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19. Seetharaman J, Kanigsberg A, Slaaby R, Leffler H, Barondes SH, Rini JM: X-ray crystal structure of the human galectin-3 carbohydrate recognition domain at 2.1-A resolution. J Biol Chem. 1998 May 22;273(21):13047-52. [Article]

Drug Relations

Drug Relations

DrugBank ID	Name	Drug group	Pharmacological action?	Actions	Details
DB01827	2,3,5,6-Tetrafluoro-4-Methoxy-Benzamide	experimental	unknown		Details
DB04465	Lactose	approved, experimental, investigational	unknown		Details