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Metabolism and Physiological Effects of Dimethylglycine
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0124873MetabolicCholine is obtained from dietary sources like meat, fish, eggs and poultry. Choline is metabolized in the liver to betaine aldehyde in the mitochondria via the enzyme choline dehydrogenase. … Dimethylglycine (DMG) is an amino acid derivative found in the cells of all plants and animals and can be obtained in the diet in small amounts from grains and meat.
Drugs: Choline · Methionine · NADH · Zinc · N,N-dimethylglycine · Flavin adenine dinucleotide +1 moreMetabolism and Physiological Effects of Phenylacetylglycine
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0126858MetabolicPhenylacetic acid may arise from exposure to styrene (plastic) or through the consumption of fruits and vegetables. … The presence of phenylacetylglycine in urine has been confirmed for dogs, rats and mice. However, the presence of this compound in human urine is controversial.
Drugs: GlycineMetabolism and Physiological Effects of Hippuric Acid
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0123209MetabolicIt can reduce blood clotting and, in the kidney, inhibit organic acid secretion. It is associated with phenylketonuria, propionic acidemia, and tyrosinemia I (genetic metabolic disorders). … After ingestion and absorption in the gut, benzoic acid is transported into the hepatic liver cell from blood where it undergoes two metabolic reactions.
Metabolism and Physiological Effects of Phenyl glucuronide
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0123227MetabolicPhenyl glucuronide is a phenolic compound that is formed through gut microbial metabolism from dietary tyrosine and a glucuronidation reaction in liver hepatic cells.
Metabolism and Physiological Effects of Indoxyl glucuronide
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0123239MetabolicIndoxyl glucuronide is an indole compound that is formed through gut microbial metabolism from dietary tryptophan and a glucuronidation reaction in liver hepatic cells.
Metabolism and Physiological Effects of Kynurenic Acid
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0123300MetabolicKynurenic acid is shown to activate aryl hydrocarbon receptors that can lead to renal impairment, and it also disrupts the electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation causing muscle atrophy. … After being transported into a hepatocyte from portal circulation tryptophan undergoes a reaction with the enzyme tryptophan-2,3-dioxygenase to initially form kynurenine and then with a kynurenine aminotransferase
Metabolsim and Physiological Effects of 4-Ethylphenylsulfate
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0125541Metabolicphenylalanine is consumed through foods such as milk, eggs, cheese, nuts, soybeans, chicken, beef, pork, beans and fish. … Tyrosine is consumed through foods such as cheese, soy products, chicken, turkey, fish, peanuts, almonds, avocados, bananas, milk, yogurt, cottage cheese, lima beans, pumpkin seeds, and sesame seeds while
Drugs: Pyridoxal phosphate · Phenylalanine · Tyrosine · Iron · Oxogluric acid · Propanoic acid +3 moreMetabolism and Physiological Effects of Imidazolepropionic Acid
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0126521MetabolicThese are organic compounds containing a carboxylic acid chain (of at least 2 carbon atoms) linked to an imidazole ring. … Histidine can be obtained from the diet from foods such as meat and dairy and other foods high in protein. ImP is a very strong basic compound (based on its pKa).
Drugs: HistidineMetabolism and Physiological Effects of N-Acetylphenylalanine
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0126720MetabolicThe human NatA complex co-translationally acetylates N-termini that bear a small amino acid (A, S, T, C, and occasionally V and G). … N-terminal acetylation of proteins is a widespread and highly conserved process in eukaryotes that is involved in protection and stability of proteins.
Drugs: PhenylalanineMetabolism and Physiological Effects of Phenol sulphate
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0126844MetabolicIn experimental models of diabetes, phenol sulphate administration has been shown to induce albuminuria and podocyte damage. … Phenol sulphate can be found in most mammals (mice, rats, sheep, dogs, humans) and likely most animals. Phenol sulphate is a uremic toxin.