NAV

Methionine

Targets (5)Enzymes (11)Transporters (1)

Identification

Name
Methionine
Accession Number
DB00134
Description

A sulfur containing essential amino acid that is important in many body functions. It is a chelating agent for heavy metals.

Type
Small Molecule
Groups
Approved, Nutraceutical
Structure
Thumb
3D
Similar Structures
Weight
Average: 149.211
Monoisotopic: 149.051049291
Chemical Formula
C5H11NO2S
Synonyms
  • (2S)-2-amino-4-(methylsulfanyl)butanoic acid
  • (S)-2-amino-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid
  • (S)-2-amino-4-(methylthio)butyric acid
  • (S)-methionine
  • L-(−)-methionine
  • L-a-Amino-g-methylthiobutyric acid
  • L-Methionin
  • L-Methionine
  • L-α-amino-γ-methylmercaptobutyric acid
  • M
  • Met
  • Methionine

Pharmacology

Indication

Used for protein synthesis including the formation of SAMe, L-homocysteine, L-cysteine, taurine, and sulfate.

Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
Learn about our commercial Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings data.
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Pharmacodynamics

L-Methionine is a principle supplier of sulfur which prevents disorders of the hair, skin and nails; helps lower cholesterol levels by increasing the liver's production of lecithin; reduces liver fat and protects the kidneys; a natural chelating agent for heavy metals; regulates the formation of ammonia and creates ammonia-free urine which reduces bladder irritation; influences hair follicles and promotes hair growth. L-methionine may protect against the toxic effects of hepatotoxins, such as acetaminophen. Methionine may have antioxidant activity.

Mechanism of action

The mechanism of the possible anti-hepatotoxic activity of L-methionine is not entirely clear. It is thought that metabolism of high doses of acetaminophen in the liver lead to decreased levels of hepatic glutathione and increased oxidative stress. L-methionine is a precursor to L-cysteine. L-cysteine itself may have antioxidant activity. L-cysteine is also a precursor to the antioxidant glutathione. Antioxidant activity of L-methionine and metabolites of L-methionine appear to account for its possible anti-hepatotoxic activity. Recent research suggests that methionine itself has free-radical scavenging activity by virtue of its sulfur, as well as its chelating ability.

TargetActionsOrganism
UMethionine synthase reductase
product of
Humans
UMethionine synthase
product of
Humans
UMethionine aminopeptidase 2
product of
Humans
UBetaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1
product of
Humans
US-methylmethionine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase BHMT2
product of
Humans
Absorption

Absorbed from the lumen of the small intestine into the enterocytes by an active transport process.

Volume of distribution
Not Available
Protein binding
Not Available
Metabolism

Hepatic

Route of elimination
Not Available
Half-life
Not Available
Clearance
Not Available
Adverse Effects
Learn about our commercial Adverse Effects data.
Learn More
Toxicity

Doses of L-methionine of up to 250 mg daily are generally well tolerated. Higher doses may cause nausea, vomiting and headache. Healthy adults taking 8 grams of L-methionine daily for four days were found to have reduced serum folate levels and leucocytosis. Healthy adults taking 13.9 grams of L-methionine daily for five days were found to have changes in serum pH and potassium and increased urinary calcium excretion. Schizophrenic patients given 10 to 20 grams of L-methionine daily for two weeks developed functional psychoses. Single doses of 8 grams precipitated encephalopathy in patients with cirrhosis.

Affected organisms
  • Humans and other mammals
Pathways
PathwayCategory
Glycine and Serine MetabolismMetabolic
Betaine MetabolismMetabolic
Cystathionine beta-Synthase DeficiencyDisease
Clarithromycin Action PathwayDrug action
Roxithromycin Action PathwayDrug action
Gentamicin Action PathwayDrug action
Oxytetracycline Action PathwayDrug action
Tetracycline Action PathwayDrug action
Arbekacin Action PathwayDrug action
Troleandomycin Action PathwayDrug action
Josamycin Action PathwayDrug action
Sarcosine Oncometabolite PathwayDisease
Methionine MetabolismMetabolic
Methionine Adenosyltransferase DeficiencyDisease
Non-Ketotic HyperglycinemiaDisease
SarcosinemiaDisease
Telithromycin Action PathwayDrug action
Amikacin Action PathwayDrug action
Spectinomycin Action PathwayDrug action
Demeclocycline Action PathwayDrug action
Doxycycline Action PathwayDrug action
Minocycline Action PathwayDrug action
Lymecycline Action PathwayDrug action
Spermidine and Spermine BiosynthesisMetabolic
Tigecycline Action PathwayDrug action
Paromomycin Action PathwayDrug action
Methacycline Action PathwayDrug action
Lincomycin Action PathwayDrug action
Chloramphenicol Action PathwayDrug action
Dihydropyrimidine Dehydrogenase Deficiency (DHPD)Disease
Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
Not Available

Interactions

Drug Interactions
This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
DrugInteraction
Unlock Additional Data
LevodopaThe therapeutic efficacy of Levodopa can be decreased when used in combination with Methionine.
Additional Data Available
  • Extended Description
    Extended Description
    Available for Purchase

    Extended description of the mechanism of action and particular properties of each drug interaction.

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  • Severity
    Severity
    Available for Purchase

    A severity rating for each drug interaction, from minor to major.

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  • Evidence Level
    Evidence Level
    Available for Purchase

    A rating for the strength of the evidence supporting each drug interaction.

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  • Action
    Action
    Available for Purchase

    An effect category for each drug interaction. Know how this interaction affects the subject drug.

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Food Interactions
  • Take with food.

Products

Product Ingredients
IngredientUNIICASInChI Key
Methionine hydrochloride99JNR46OKX6810-12-4OSUIUMQSEFFIKM-WCCKRBBISA-N
International/Other Brands
Acimethin
Mixture Products
NameIngredientsDosageRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
2.5% Travasol Amino Acid Injection With Electrolytes In 10% DextroseMethionine (100 mg) + Alanine (520 mg) + Arginine (290 mg) + Dextrose, unspecified form (10 g) + Dipotassium phosphate (130.5 mg) + Glycine (260 mg) + Histidine (120 mg) + Isoleucine (150 mg) + L-Lysine (145 mg) + Leucine (182.5 mg) + Magnesium chloride (25.5 mg) + Phenylalanine (140 mg) + Proline (170 mg) + Serine (125 mg) + Sodium acetate (170 mg) + Sodium chloride (29.3 mg) + Threonine (105 mg) + Tryptophan (45 mg) + Tyrosine (10 mg) + Valine (145 mg)SolutionIntravenousBaxter Corporation Clintec Nutrition Division1996-12-312015-08-05Canada flag
2.5% Travasol Amino Acid Injection With Electrolytes In 10% Dextrose ClinimixMethionine (145 mg) + Alanine (520 mg) + Arginine (260 mg) + Dextrose, unspecified form (10 g) + Dipotassium phosphate (130.5 mg) + Glycine (520 mg) + Histidine (110 mg) + Isoleucine (120 mg) + L-Lysine hydrochloride (145 mg) + L-Leucine hydrochloride (155 mg) + Magnesium chloride (25.5 mg) + Phenylalanine hydrochloride (155 mg) + Proline (105 mg) + Sodium acetate (170 mg) + Sodium chloride (29.3 mg) + Threonine (105 mg) + Tryptophan (45 mg) + Tyrosine (10 mg) + Valine (115 mg)SolutionIntravenousBaxter Corporation Clintec Nutrition Division1993-12-312015-08-05Canada flag
2.5% Travasol Amino Acid Injection Without Electrolytes In 10% Dextrose QuickmixMethionine (195 mg) + Alanine (520 mg) + Arginine (260 mg) + Dextrose, unspecified form (10 g) + Glycine (520 mg) + Histidine (110 mg) + Isoleucine (120 mg) + L-Lysine hydrochloride (195 mg) + L-Leucine hydrochloride (155 mg) + Phenylalanine hydrochloride (155 mg) + Proline (105 mg) + Threonine (105 mg) + Tryptophan (45 mg) + Tyrosine (10 mg) + Valine (115 mg)SolutionIntravenousBaxter Corporation Clintec Nutrition Division1995-12-312007-08-02Canada flag
2.5%travasol Amino Acid InJ.W.eleC.W.25%dexMethionine (100 mg) + Alanine (520 mg) + Arginine (290 mg) + Dextrose, unspecified form (25 g) + Dipotassium phosphate (130.5 mg) + Glycine (260 mg) + Histidine (120 mg) + Isoleucine (150 mg) + L-Lysine (145 mg) + Leucine (182.5 mg) + Magnesium chloride (25.5 mg) + Phenylalanine (140 mg) + Proline (170 mg) + Serine (125 mg) + Sodium acetate (170 mg) + Sodium chloride (29.3 mg) + Threonine (105 mg) + Tryptophan (45 mg) + Tyrosine (10 mg) + Valine (145 mg)LiquidIntravenousClintec Nutrition Company1996-07-301998-08-13Canada flag
2.75% Travas. Amino Acid InJ.W.elecw.25%dexMethionine (110 mg) + Alanine (570 mg) + Arginine (316 mg) + Dextrose, unspecified form (25 g) + Dipotassium phosphate (261 mg) + Glycine (283 mg) + Histidine (132 mg) + Isoleucine (165 mg) + L-Lysine (159.5 mg) + Leucine (201 mg) + Magnesium chloride (51 mg) + Phenylalanine (154 mg) + Proline (187 mg) + Serine (137.5 mg) + Sodium acetate (215.5 mg) + Sodium chloride (112 mg) + Threonine (115.5 mg) + Tryptophan (49.5 mg) + Tyrosine (11 mg) + Valine (159.5 mg)LiquidIntravenousClintec Nutrition Company1996-07-301998-08-13Canada flag
2.75% Travasol Amino Acid Injection With Electrolytes In 25% Dextrose QuickmixMethionine (159 mg) + Alanine (570 mg) + Arginine (285 mg) + Dextrose, unspecified form (25 g) + Dipotassium phosphate (261 mg) + Glycine (570 mg) + Histidine (120.5 mg) + Isoleucine (131.5 mg) + L-Lysine hydrochloride (159 mg) + L-Leucine hydrochloride (170 mg) + Magnesium chloride (51 mg) + Phenylalanine hydrochloride (170 mg) + Proline (115 mg) + Sodium acetate (215.5 mg) + Sodium chloride (112 mg) + Threonine (115 mg) + Tryptophan (49.5 mg) + Tyrosine (11 mg) + Valine (126 mg)SolutionIntravenousBaxter Corporation Clintec Nutrition Division1996-02-022007-08-02Canada flag
2.75% Travasol Amino Acid Injection With Electrolytes In 5% Dextrose QuickmixMethionine (159 mg) + Alanine (570 mg) + Arginine (285 mg) + Dextrose, unspecified form (5 g) + Dipotassium phosphate (215.5 mg) + Glycine (570 mg) + Histidine (120.5 mg) + Isoleucine (131.5 mg) + L-Lysine hydrochloride (159 mg) + L-Leucine hydrochloride (170 mg) + Magnesium chloride (51 mg) + Phenylalanine hydrochloride (170 mg) + Proline (115 mg) + Sodium acetate (256 mg) + Sodium chloride (112 mg) + Threonine (115 mg) + Tryptophan (49.5 mg) + Tyrosine (11 mg) + Valine (126 mg)SolutionIntravenousBaxter Corporation Clintec Nutrition Division1993-12-312007-08-02Canada flag
2.75%travasol Amino Acid InJ.W.eleC.W.5%dex.Methionine (110 mg) + Alanine (570 mg) + Arginine (316 mg) + Dextrose, unspecified form (5 g) + Dipotassium phosphate (261 mg) + Glycine (283 mg) + Histidine (132 mg) + Isoleucine (165 mg) + L-Lysine (159.5 mg) + Leucine (201 mg) + Magnesium chloride (51 mg) + Phenylalanine (154 mg) + Proline (187 mg) + Serine (137.5 mg) + Sodium acetate (215 mg) + Sodium chloride (112 mg) + Threonine (115.5 mg) + Tryptophan (49.5 mg) + Tyrosine (11 mg) + Valine (159.5 mg)LiquidIntravenousClintec Nutrition Company1996-12-311999-08-10Canada flag
20% ProsolMethionine (0.76 g) + Alanine (2.76 g) + Arginine (1.96 g) + Aspartic acid (0.6 g) + D-Methionine (0.76 g) + Glutamic acid (1.02 g) + Glycine (2.06 g) + Histidine (1.18 g) + Isoleucine (1.08 g) + L-Lysine (1.35 g) + Leucine (1.08 g) + Phenylalanine (1 g) + Proline (1.34 g) + Serine (1.02 g) + Threonine (0.98 g) + Tryptophan (0.32 g) + Tyrosine (0.05 g) + Valine (1.44 g)LiquidIntravenousBaxter Laboratories1996-10-09Not applicableCanada flag
4.25% Amino Acid Injection Without Electrolytes In 20% Dextrose QuickmixMethionine (246 mg) + Alanine (880 mg) + Arginine (440 mg) + Dextrose, unspecified form (20 g) + Glycine (880 mg) + Histidine (186 mg) + Isoleucine (203 mg) + L-Lysine hydrochloride (246 mg) + L-Leucine hydrochloride (263 mg) + Phenylalanine hydrochloride (263 mg) + Proline (178 mg) + Threonine (178 mg) + Tryptophan (76 mg) + Tyrosine (17 mg) + Valine (195 mg)SolutionIntravenousBaxter Corporation Clintec Nutrition Division1995-12-312007-08-02Canada flag
Unapproved/Other Products
NameIngredientsDosageRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
ClinimixMethionine (1.10 g/1L) + Alanine (5.70 g/1L) + Arginine (3.17 g/1L) + Calcium chloride dihydrate (0.33 g/1L) + D-glucose monohydrate (100.00 g/1L) + Dipotassium phosphate (2.61 g/1L) + Glycine (2.84 g/1L) + Histidine (1.32 g/1L) + Isoleucine (1.65 g/1L) + L-Lysine (2.00 g/1L) + Leucine (2.01 g/1L) + Magnesium chloride hexahydrate (0.51 g/1L) + Phenylalanine (1.54 g/1L) + Proline (1.87 g/1L) + Serine (1.38 g/1L) + Sodium acetate trihydrate (2.16 g/1L) + Sodium chloride (1.12 g/1L) + Threonine (1.16 g/1L) + Tryptophan (0.50 g/1L) + Tyrosine (0.11 g/1L) + Valine (1.60 g/1L)SolutionIntravenousBaxter Healthcare Corporation2017-10-252019-11-30US flag
ClinimixMethionine (3.40 g/2L) + Alanine (17.60 g/2L) + Arginine (9.78 g/2L) + Calcium chloride dihydrate (0.66 g/2L) + D-glucose monohydrate (300.00 g/2L) + Dipotassium phosphate (5.22 g/2L) + Glycine (8.76 g/2L) + Histidine (4.08 g/2L) + Isoleucine (5.10 g/2L) + L-Lysine (4.93 g/2L) + Leucine (6.20 g/2L) + Magnesium chloride hexahydrate (1.02 g/2L) + Phenylalanine (4.76 g/2L) + Proline (5.78 g/2L) + Serine (4.25 g/2L) + Sodium acetate trihydrate (5.94 g/2L) + Sodium chloride (1.54 g/2L) + Threonine (3.57 g/2L) + Tryptophan (1.53 g/2L) + Tyrosine (0.34 g/2L) + Valine (4.93 g/2L)SolutionIntravenousBaxter Healthcare Corporation2017-10-252019-11-30US flag
ClinimixMethionine (1.10 g/1L) + Alanine (5.70 g/1L) + Arginine (3.17 g/1L) + Calcium chloride dihydrate (0.33 g/1L) + D-glucose monohydrate (75.00 g/1L) + Dipotassium phosphate (2.61 g/1L) + Glycine (2.84 g/1L) + Histidine (1.32 g/1L) + Isoleucine (1.65 g/1L) + L-Lysine (2.00 g/1L) + Leucine (2.01 g/1L) + Magnesium chloride hexahydrate (0.51 g/1L) + Phenylalanine (1.54 g/1L) + Proline (1.87 g/1L) + Serine (1.38 g/1L) + Sodium acetate trihydrate (2.16 g/1L) + Sodium chloride (1.12 g/1L) + Threonine (1.16 g/1L) + Tryptophan (0.50 g/1L) + Tyrosine (0.11 g/1L) + Valine (1.60 g/1L)SolutionIntravenousBaxter Healthcare Corporation2017-10-252019-11-30US flag
Distilpure MsmMethionine (0.02 g/100g) + Biotin (0.02 g/100g) + Cysteine (0.02 g/100g) + Cystine (0.05 g/100g) + Thiamine chloride (0.02 g/100g)PowderTopicalMbg Inc (Korea Institute of Science Development)2017-09-162018-09-16US flag
Medi Msm (methyl Sulfonyl Methane)Methionine (0.02 g/100g) + Biotin (0.02 g/100g) + Cysteine (0.02 g/100g) + Cystine (0.05 g/100g) + Thiamine chloride (0.02 g/100g)PowderTopicalMbg Inc (Korea Institute of Science Development)2016-09-162016-09-16US flag
PrimeneMethionine (0.6 g/250mL) + Alanine (2 g/250mL) + Arginine (2.1 g/250mL) + Aspartic acid (1.5 g/250mL) + Cysteine (0.47 g/250mL) + Glutamic acid (2.5 g/250mL) + Glycine (1 g/250mL) + Histidine (0.95 g/250mL) + Isoleucine (1.675 g/250mL) + L-Lysine (2.75 g/250mL) + Leucine (2.5 g/250mL) + Ornithine hydrochloride (0.8 g/250mL) + Phenylalanine (1.05 g/250mL) + Proline (0.75 g/250mL) + Serine (1 g/250mL) + Taurine (0.15 g/250mL) + Threonine (0.9 g/250mL) + Tryptophan (0.5 g/250mL) + Tyrosine (0.11 g/250mL) + Valine (1.9 g/250mL)Injection, solutionIntravenousBaxter Healthcare Corporation2017-11-222019-05-31US flag
SynthaminMethionine (4 g/1000mL) + Alanine (20.70 g/1000mL) + Arginine (11.50 g/1000mL) + Glycine (10.30 g/1000mL) + Histidine (4.80 g/1000mL) + Isoleucine (6 g/1000mL) + L-Lysine (5.80 g/1000mL) + Leucine (7.30 g/1000mL) + Phenylalanine (5.60 g/1000mL) + Proline (6.80 g/1000mL) + Serine (5 g/1000mL) + Threonine (4.20 g/1000mL) + Tryptophan (1.80 g/1000mL) + Tyrosine (400 mg/1000mL) + Valine (5.80 g/1000mL)Injection, solutionIntravenousBaxter Healthcare Corporation2017-11-032020-06-30US flag

Categories

ATC Codes
V03AB26 — Methionine
Drug Categories
Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
Description
This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as methionine and derivatives. These are compounds containing methionine or a derivative thereof resulting from reaction of methionine at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of glycine by a heteroatom.
Kingdom
Organic compounds
Super Class
Organic acids and derivatives
Class
Carboxylic acids and derivatives
Sub Class
Amino acids, peptides, and analogues
Direct Parent
Methionine and derivatives
Alternative Parents
L-alpha-amino acids / Thia fatty acids / Amino acids / Sulfenyl compounds / Monocarboxylic acids and derivatives / Dialkylthioethers / Carboxylic acids / Organopnictogen compounds / Organic oxides / Monoalkylamines
show 2 more
Substituents
Aliphatic acyclic compound / Alpha-amino acid / Amine / Amino acid / Carbonyl group / Carboxylic acid / Dialkylthioether / Fatty acid / Fatty acyl / Hydrocarbon derivative
show 15 more
Molecular Framework
Aliphatic acyclic compounds
External Descriptors
aspartate family amino acid, proteinogenic amino acid, L-alpha-amino acid, methionine (CHEBI:16643) / Common amino acids (C00073)

Chemical Identifiers

UNII
AE28F7PNPL
CAS number
63-68-3
InChI Key
FFEARJCKVFRZRR-BYPYZUCNSA-N
InChI
InChI=1S/C5H11NO2S/c1-9-3-2-4(6)5(7)8/h4H,2-3,6H2,1H3,(H,7,8)/t4-/m0/s1
IUPAC Name
(2S)-2-amino-4-(methylsulfanyl)butanoic acid
SMILES
CSCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O

References

Synthesis Reference

Clyde Eugene Stauffer, "Process for producing N-acyl-L-methionine." U.S. Patent US3963573, issued June, 1950.

US3963573
General References
Not Available
Human Metabolome Database
HMDB0000696
KEGG Drug
D00019
KEGG Compound
C00073
PubChem Compound
6137
PubChem Substance
46505750
ChemSpider
5907
BindingDB
50142500
RxNav
6837
ChEBI
16643
ChEMBL
CHEMBL42336
ZINC
ZINC000001532529
PharmGKB
PA450423
PDBe Ligand
MET
PDRhealth
PDRhealth Drug Page
Wikipedia
Methionine
MSDS
Download (72.8 KB)

Clinical Trials

Clinical Trials
PhaseStatusPurposeConditionsCount
4Active Not RecruitingTreatmentIllness, Critical / Starvation1
4CompletedTreatmentUnipolar Depression1
4TerminatedSupportive CareCancer-related Malnutrition1
4TerminatedSupportive CareIllness, Critical1
4TerminatedSupportive CareParenteral Nutrition (No Primary Condition Studied)1
4WithdrawnSupportive CareMalnutrition1
3CompletedTreatmentAIDS Vacuolar Myelopathy / AIDS-Myelopathy / Myelopathy1
3CompletedTreatmentGeneral Surgery / Parenteral Feeding1
3CompletedTreatmentGeneral Surgery / Parenteral Nutrition1
3CompletedTreatmentIllness, Critical2

Pharmacoeconomics

Manufacturers
Not Available
Packagers
  • Amend
  • Spectrum Pharmaceuticals
Dosage Forms
FormRouteStrength
Tablet, film coatedOral500 mg
SolutionIntravenous0.25 g/mL
TabletOral45 mg
Injection, solutionIntravenous0.75 g/250ml
Injection, solutionIntravenous3.75 g/500ml
Injection, solutionIntravenous2.5 g/1000ml
Injection, solutionIntravenous2.5 g/500mL
SolutionIntravenous2.55 g/L
SolutionIntravenous0.61 g/L
SolutionIntravenous1.79 g/L
Injection, solutionIntravenous22.35 g/1000ml
Injection, solutionIntravenous10.5 g/1000ml
SolutionParenteral5.25 g
Injection, solutionIntravenous0.86 g/L
SolutionParenteral2 g
SolutionParenteral4.64 g
SolutionIntravenous10.4 g/L
Injection, solutionIntravenous5.82 g/1000ml
Injection, solutionIntravenous
SolutionParenteral14 g
SolutionIntravenous5 g
Injection, solutionIntravenous1.4 g/100ml
SolutionIntravenous3.7 g/1000ml
SolutionIntravenous4.15 g
SolutionIntravenous4.15 g/1000ml
Granule, for solutionOral216.2 mg/2.5g
LotionTopical
LiquidTopical
Injection, solutionIntravenous4.02 g/l
Injection, solutionIntravenous5.11 g/l
Injection, solutionIntravenous6.21 g/l
Injection, solutionIntravenous7.3 g/l
Injection, solutionIntravenous12.8 g/1L
CapsuleOral
PowderTopical
Injection, solutionIntravenous4.9 g/1000ml
Injection, solutionIntravenous7.35 g/1500ml
Injection, solutionIntravenous9.8 g/2000ml
Injection, emulsionIntravenous11.41 g/1435ml
Injection, emulsionIntravenous11.41 g/1085ml
Injection, emulsionIntravenous13.17 g/2020ml
Injection, emulsionIntravenous7.08 g/1085ml
Injection, emulsionIntravenous9.46 g/1450ml
EmulsionParenteral3.99 g/1085ml
EmulsionParenteral2.05 g/1085ml
TabletOral
Injection, solutionIntravenous590 mg/100mL
SolutionIntravenous0.69 %
SolutionIntravenous0.59 %
Injection, solutionIntravenous16 g/1000ml
Injection, emulsionIntravenous
Injection, emulsionIntravenous40 g/1026ml
Injection, emulsionIntravenous467 mg/100mL
Injection, emulsionIntravenous60 g/1540ml
InjectionIntravenous110 g
InjectionIntravenous165 g
InjectionIntravenous220 g
InjectionIntravenous275 g
InjectionIntravenous107 g
InjectionIntravenous143 g
InjectionIntravenous178 g
Injection, emulsionIntravenous10.5 g
Injection, emulsionIntravenous14 g
Injection, emulsionIntravenous2.1 g
Injection, emulsionIntravenous3.1 g
Injection, emulsionIntravenous4.2 g
Injection, emulsionIntravenous7 g
Injection, emulsionIntravenous1.17 g
Injection, emulsionIntravenous1.56 g
Injection, emulsionIntravenous1.755 g
Injection, emulsionIntravenous2.34 g
Injection, emulsionIntravenous3.12 g
Injection, emulsionIntravenous3.51 g
Injection, emulsionIntravenous4.68 g
Capsule330 mg
Injection, solutionIntravenous600 mg/200mL
Injection, solution, concentrateIntravenous
Injection, emulsionParenteral2.33 g
Injection, emulsionIntravenous1.03 g
Injection, emulsionIntravenous1.83 g
EmulsionIntravenous1.83 g
InjectionIntravenous1.03 g
Injection, emulsionIntravenous1.6 g/100mL
Injection, emulsion; injection, solutionIntravenous3.2 g/100mL
Injection, emulsionIntravenous3.88 g/1000ml
EmulsionParenteral20 g/l
EmulsionIntravenous88 g
Injection, emulsionIntravenous120 g
Injection, emulsionIntravenous160 g
Injection, emulsionIntravenous4.66 g/1000ml
EmulsionParenteral1.872 g/l
EmulsionParenteral0.222 g
Injection, emulsionIntravenous150 g
Injection, emulsionIntravenous225 g
Injection, emulsionIntravenous300 g
EmulsionParenteral6.792 g/l
EmulsionIntravenous6.792 mg
EmulsionIntravenous150 g
EmulsionIntravenous225 g
EmulsionParenteral2.4 g/l
EmulsionParenteral2.88 g/l
Injection, emulsionIntravenous5.82 g/1250ml
EmulsionIntravenous4.656 g
Injection, emulsionIntravenous4.25 g/625ml
EmulsionIntravenous6.792 g
EmulsionParenteral6.792 g
Injection, solutionIntravenous4.85 g/1000ml
SolutionParenteral0.5 g
Injection, solutionIntravenous11.64 g/2000ml
SolutionParenteral1.56 g
Injection, solution0.6 g/L
SolutionParenteral4.54 g
Injection, solutionIntraperitoneal95.1 mg/100mL
Injection, solutionIntraperitoneal951 mg/L
LiquidHemodialysis
SolutionParenteral95.1 mg
SolutionIntraperitoneal510 mg/l
EmulsionIntravenous180 g/1250ml
EmulsionIntravenous270 g/1875ml
EmulsionIntravenous90 g/625ml
Injection, emulsionIntravenous120 g/1875ml
Injection, emulsionIntravenous160 g/2500ml
Injection, emulsionIntravenous80 g/1250ml
Injection, emulsionIntravenous150 g/1250ml
Injection, emulsionIntravenous225 g/1875ml
Injection, emulsionIntravenous300 g/2500ml
Injection, emulsionIntravenous180 g/1250ml
Injection, emulsionIntravenous270 g/1875ml
Injection, emulsionIntravenous360 g/2500ml
Injection, emulsionIntravenous11.64 g/2500ml
Injection, emulsionIntravenous8.73 g/1875ml
Injection, emulsionIntravenous90 g/625ml
Injection, emulsionIntravenous12 g/1500ml
Injection, emulsionIntravenous32 g/1000ml
Injection, emulsionIntravenous0.52 g/1000ml
Injection, emulsionIntravenous0.42 g/1000ml
Injection, emulsionIntravenous1.6 g
InjectionIntravenous2.27 g/l
InjectionIntravenous4.12 g/l
EmulsionIntravenous4 g
SolutionIntravenous7.14 g
SolutionIntravenous9.52 g
SolutionIntravenous11.9 g
EmulsionIntravenous6.41 g
EmulsionIntravenous9.61 g
EmulsionIntravenous12.82 g
Injection, emulsionIntravenous6.41 g/1000ml
SolutionIntravenous8.24 g
SolutionIntravenous12.36 g
SolutionIntravenous16.48 g
Injection, emulsionIntravenous8.24 g/1000ml
SolutionParenteral1.48 g/l
Injection, solutionIntravenous0.67 g/100ml
Injection, solutionIntravenous3 g/100ml
EmulsionParenteral1.26 g
EmulsionIntravenous
EmulsionIntravenous3 g
Injection, emulsionIntravenous3.66 g
Injection, emulsionIntravenous5.5 g
Injection, emulsionIntravenous7.33 g
Injection, emulsionIntravenous9.16 g
Injection, emulsionIntravenous3.66 g/1000ml
Injection, solutionIntravenous0.69 %
Injection, solutionIntravenous0.59 %
Injection, solutionIntravenous0.9 %
Injection, solutionIntravenous0.56 %
Injection, solutionIntravenous0.49 %
Injection, solutionIntravenous0.76 %
SolutionIntravenous
SolutionIntravenous3.2 g/100mL
SolutionIntravenous1.6 g/100mL
InjectionIntravenous0.67 g/100ml
LiquidIntravenous
SolutionParenteral800 mg
SolutionParenteral3 g/100ml
Injection, solutionIntravenous7.08 g/1000ml
EmulsionParenteral1.6 g/l
EmulsionParenteral0.66 g/2531ml
EmulsionParenteral0.61 g/l
EmulsionParenteral440 mg
Injection, emulsionIntravenous4.4 g/1000ml
EmulsionParenteral0.71 g
EmulsionParenteral3.1 g
Injection, emulsionIntravenous7.1 g/1000ml
EmulsionParenteral50 g
EmulsionParenteral0.28 g
EmulsionParenteral0.5 g
EmulsionParenteral0.18 g
Injection, solutionIntravenous2.9 g/1000ml
Injection, solutionIntravenous0.76 g/100mL
InjectionIntravenous
SolutionIntravenous594 mg
EmulsionParenteral18.75 g
EmulsionParenteral0.45 g
SolutionIntravenous12 g/L
SolutionIntravenous16 g/L
SolutionIntravenous5.1 g/16g N
Injection, solutionIntravenous6.3 g/1000ml
Capsule, gelatin coatedOral0.5 mg
EmulsionParenteral2.24 g
EmulsionParenteral4.34 g
EmulsionParenteral3.95 g
EmulsionParenteral7 g
EmulsionParenteral28 g/1000ml
Prices
Unit descriptionCostUnit
Dl-methionine powder0.26USD g
Methionine powder0.03USD g
DrugBank does not sell nor buy drugs. Pricing information is supplied for informational purposes only.
Patents
Not Available

Properties

State
Solid
Experimental Properties
PropertyValueSource
melting point (°C)283 dec °CPhysProp
water solubility5.66E+004 mg/L (at 25 °C)YALKOWSKY,SH & DANNENFELSER,RM (1992)
logP-1.87HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995)
logS-0.42ADME Research, USCD
pKa2.28 (at 25 °C)ULLMANN VA2:63 (1985)
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility23.9 mg/mLALOGPS
logP-1.8ALOGPS
logP-2.2ChemAxon
logS-0.8ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)2.53ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)9.5ChemAxon
Physiological Charge0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count3ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count2ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area63.32 Å2ChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count4ChemAxon
Refractivity37.59 m3·mol-1ChemAxon
Polarizability15.5 Å3ChemAxon
Number of Rings0ChemAxon
Bioavailability1ChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterNoChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
Predicted ADMET Features
PropertyValueProbability
Human Intestinal Absorption+0.9797
Blood Brain Barrier+0.8447
Caco-2 permeable-0.6698
P-glycoprotein substrateNon-substrate0.5351
P-glycoprotein inhibitor INon-inhibitor0.9802
P-glycoprotein inhibitor IINon-inhibitor0.9919
Renal organic cation transporterNon-inhibitor0.8913
CYP450 2C9 substrateNon-substrate0.7875
CYP450 2D6 substrateNon-substrate0.7323
CYP450 3A4 substrateNon-substrate0.7008
CYP450 1A2 substrateNon-inhibitor0.8295
CYP450 2C9 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.9489
CYP450 2D6 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.9567
CYP450 2C19 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.951
CYP450 3A4 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.9758
CYP450 inhibitory promiscuityLow CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity0.9938
Ames testNon AMES toxic0.9132
CarcinogenicityNon-carcinogens0.9224
BiodegradationReady biodegradable0.5613
Rat acute toxicity0.6483 LD50, mol/kg Not applicable
hERG inhibition (predictor I)Weak inhibitor0.9725
hERG inhibition (predictor II)Non-inhibitor0.9655
ADMET data is predicted using admetSAR, a free tool for evaluating chemical ADMET properties. (23092397)

Spectra

Mass Spec (NIST)
Download (9.39 KB)
Spectra
SpectrumSpectrum TypeSplash Key
GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC 6890, Agilent Technologies) (2 TMS)GC-MSsplash10-004i-0920000000-945c85aa7c9f5eb2dfbb
GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC 6890, Agilent Technologies)GC-MSsplash10-004i-0910000000-b837ee0f4413856560f1
GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC 6890, Agilent Technologies) (2 TMS)GC-MSsplash10-00b9-7910000000-5a1558fbb2f5e86edc9b
GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (1 TMS)GC-MSsplash10-0udi-1900000000-1a97567ce4f25c4e8263
GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (2 TMS)GC-MSsplash10-004i-0910000000-1b0477118cb20549bf4d
Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MSPredicted GC-MSNot Available
GC-MS Spectrum - EI-BGC-MSsplash10-004i-0920000000-8ffae5d87508e0704903
GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOFGC-MSsplash10-004i-0920000000-945c85aa7c9f5eb2dfbb
GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOFGC-MSsplash10-004i-0910000000-b837ee0f4413856560f1
GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-QQGC-MSsplash10-01bc-2692000000-c6a4af434abaeea2de87
GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOFGC-MSsplash10-00b9-7910000000-5a1558fbb2f5e86edc9b
GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MSGC-MSsplash10-0udi-1900000000-1a97567ce4f25c4e8263
GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MSGC-MSsplash10-004i-0910000000-1b0477118cb20549bf4d
MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 10V, Positive (Annotated)LC-MS/MSsplash10-0uea-1900000000-b991859b2c5bed6592a8
MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 25V, Positive (Annotated)LC-MS/MSsplash10-08fr-9000000000-66855ace60e59837f131
MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 40V, Positive (Annotated)LC-MS/MSsplash10-08fr-9000000000-56a567791c824c6a9da6
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , PositiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-0fe0-0900000000-d680295f21b2e2b40366
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , PositiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-0006-9000000000-062d3540db4db22da836
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , PositiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-00di-0900000000-84467513e2c9ec1a6851
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , PositiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-001i-0900000000-88dc2bebb198eea550ef
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , PositiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-0udi-0920000000-b444ad79abeb16acde43
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , PositiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-001i-0900000000-6e24a8df417e5f3db58c
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , PositiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-00di-0900000000-c60ef880eb9a816a274b
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , PositiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-000i-0900000000-a7b7d1a3481c0c691a5b
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 10V, NegativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-0002-0900000000-9156f088f4cc9eafa892
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 20V, NegativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-0002-9200000000-f78ba2aab8d5a0e0b135
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 30V, NegativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-0002-9000000000-e7b819fd2d0ac3862860
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 40V, NegativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-0002-9000000000-b61396e720381bd5ff85
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 50V, NegativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-0002-9000000000-b61396e720381bd5ff85
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 10V, PositiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-0udi-0900000000-c3557cb41fd6fe268819
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 20V, PositiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-0udi-6900000000-6bf5af2d1c561013948a
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 30V, PositiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-08fr-9000000000-63c9b1c138f9a27490e5
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 40V, PositiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-03di-9000000000-e133c47b0efe4992589f
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 50V, PositiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-03di-9000000000-dee78b4f34f8732fedb0
MS/MS Spectrum - CE-ESI-TOF (CE-system connected to 6210 Time-of-Flight MS, Agilent) , PositiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-0udi-0900000000-d3f03ff5e8eacc8b6c8e
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QTOF (UPLC Q-Tof Premier, Waters) , PositiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-0udi-0900000000-e0dd5ff44b7962f6a2d2
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSNot Available
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSNot Available
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSNot Available
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSNot Available
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSNot Available
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSNot Available
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-0002-0900000000-9156f088f4cc9eafa892
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-0002-9200000000-52fb5d3c4285de9cdafa
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-0002-9000000000-e7b819fd2d0ac3862860
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-0002-9000000000-b61396e720381bd5ff85
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-0002-9000000000-b61396e720381bd5ff85
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-0udi-0900000000-c3557cb41fd6fe268819
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-0udi-6900000000-6bf5af2d1c561013948a
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-08fr-9000000000-a2fd1b96dfe93d6f32a0
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-03di-9000000000-e133c47b0efe4992589f
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-03di-9000000000-d720c878a420ba3db7c6
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-0006-9000000000-062d3540db4db22da836
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-00di-0900000000-84467513e2c9ec1a6851
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-001i-0900000000-88dc2bebb198eea550ef
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-001i-0900000000-6e24a8df417e5f3db58c
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-00di-0900000000-c60ef880eb9a816a274b
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-000i-0900000000-a7b7d1a3481c0c691a5b
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QTOF , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-0udi-0900000000-e0dd5ff44b7962f6a2d2
13C NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
1H NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
1H NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
[1H,1H] 2D NMR Spectrum2D NMRNot Applicable
[1H,13C] 2D NMR Spectrum2D NMRNot Applicable

Targets

Details1. Methionine synthase reductase
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Product of
General Function
Oxidoreductase activity, oxidizing metal ions, nad or nadp as acceptor
Specific Function
Involved in the reductive regeneration of cob(I)alamin (vitamin B12) cofactor required for the maintenance of methionine synthase in a functional state. Necessary for utilization of methylgroups fr...
Gene Name
MTRR
Uniprot ID
Q9UBK8
Uniprot Name
Methionine synthase reductase
Molecular Weight
80409.22 Da
References
  1. Kim DJ, Park BL, Koh JM, Kim GS, Kim LH, Cheong HS, Shin HD, Hong JM, Kim TH, Shin HI, Park EK, Kim SY: Methionine synthase reductase polymorphisms are associated with serum osteocalcin levels in postmenopausal women. Exp Mol Med. 2006 Oct 31;38(5):519-24. [PubMed:17079868]
  2. Tvedegaard KC, Rudiger NS, Pedersen BN, Moller J: Detection of MTRR 66A-->G polymorphism using the real-time polymerase chain reaction machine LightCycler for determination of composition of allele after restriction cleavage. Scand J Clin Lab Invest. 2006;66(8):685-93. [PubMed:17101561]
  3. Elmore CL, Wu X, Leclerc D, Watson ED, Bottiglieri T, Krupenko NI, Krupenko SA, Cross JC, Rozen R, Gravel RA, Matthews RG: Metabolic derangement of methionine and folate metabolism in mice deficient in methionine synthase reductase. Mol Genet Metab. 2007 May;91(1):85-97. Epub 2007 Mar 21. [PubMed:17369066]
Details2. Methionine synthase
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Product of
General Function
Zinc ion binding
Specific Function
Catalyzes the transfer of a methyl group from methyl-cobalamin to homocysteine, yielding enzyme-bound cob(I)alamin and methionine. Subsequently, remethylates the cofactor using methyltetrahydrofola...
Gene Name
MTR
Uniprot ID
Q99707
Uniprot Name
Methionine synthase
Molecular Weight
140525.91 Da
References
  1. Taurog RE, Matthews RG: Activation of methyltetrahydrofolate by cobalamin-independent methionine synthase. Biochemistry. 2006 Apr 25;45(16):5092-102. [PubMed:16618098]
  2. Hughes JA: In vivo hydrolysis of S-adenosyl-L-methionine in Escherichia coli increases export of 5-methylthioribose. Can J Microbiol. 2006 Jun;52(6):599-602. [PubMed:16788729]
  3. Reynolds E: Vitamin B12, folic acid, and the nervous system. Lancet Neurol. 2006 Nov;5(11):949-60. [PubMed:17052662]
  4. Banks EC, Doughty SW, Toms SM, Wheelhouse RT, Nicolaou A: Inhibition of cobalamin-dependent methionine synthase by substituted benzo-fused heterocycles. FEBS J. 2007 Jan;274(1):287-99. [PubMed:17222188]
  5. Yamada K, Kawata T, Wada M, Mori K, Tamai H, Tanaka N, Tadokoro T, Tobimatsu T, Toraya T, Maekawa A: Testicular injury to rats fed on soybean protein-based vitamin B12-deficient diet can be reduced by methionine supplementation. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 2007 Apr;53(2):95-101. [PubMed:17615995]
Details3. Methionine aminopeptidase 2
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Product of
General Function
Poly(a) rna binding
Specific Function
Cotranslationally removes the N-terminal methionine from nascent proteins. The N-terminal methionine is often cleaved when the second residue in the primary sequence is small and uncharged (Met-Ala...
Gene Name
METAP2
Uniprot ID
P50579
Uniprot Name
Methionine aminopeptidase 2
Molecular Weight
52891.145 Da
References
  1. Upadhya R, Zhang HS, Weiss LM: System for expression of microsporidian methionine amino peptidase type 2 (MetAP2) in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2006 Oct;50(10):3389-95. Epub 2006 Aug 17. [PubMed:16917013]
  2. Sheppard GS, Wang J, Kawai M, Fidanze SD, BaMaung NY, Erickson SA, Barnes DM, Tedrow JS, Kolaczkowski L, Vasudevan A, Park DC, Wang GT, Sanders WJ, Mantei RA, Palazzo F, Tucker-Garcia L, Lou P, Zhang Q, Park CH, Kim KH, Petros A, Olejniczak E, Nettesheim D, Hajduk P, Henkin J, Lesniewski R, Davidsen SK, Bell RL: Discovery and optimization of anthranilic acid sulfonamides as inhibitors of methionine aminopeptidase-2: a structural basis for the reduction of albumin binding. J Med Chem. 2006 Jun 29;49(13):3832-49. [PubMed:16789740]
  3. Addlagatta A, Matthews BW: Structure of the angiogenesis inhibitor ovalicin bound to its noncognate target, human Type 1 methionine aminopeptidase. Protein Sci. 2006 Aug;15(8):1842-8. Epub 2006 Jul 5. [PubMed:16823043]
  4. Hu X, Addlagatta A, Lu J, Matthews BW, Liu JO: Elucidation of the function of type 1 human methionine aminopeptidase during cell cycle progression. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Nov 28;103(48):18148-53. Epub 2006 Nov 17. [PubMed:17114291]
  5. Nonato MC, Widom J, Clardy J: Human methionine aminopeptidase type 2 in complex with L- and D-methionine. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2006 May 15;16(10):2580-3. Epub 2006 Mar 15. [PubMed:16540317]
Details4. Betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Product of
General Function
Zinc ion binding
Specific Function
Involved in the regulation of homocysteine metabolism. Converts betaine and homocysteine to dimethylglycine and methionine, respectively. This reaction is also required for the irreversible oxidati...
Gene Name
BHMT
Uniprot ID
Q93088
Uniprot Name
Betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1
Molecular Weight
44998.205 Da
References
  1. Slow S, Garrow TA: Liver choline dehydrogenase and kidney betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase expression are not affected by methionine or choline intake in growing rats. J Nutr. 2006 Sep;136(9):2279-83. [PubMed:16920841]
  2. Sparks JD, Collins HL, Chirieac DV, Cianci J, Jokinen J, Sowden MP, Galloway CA, Sparks CE: Hepatic very-low-density lipoprotein and apolipoprotein B production are increased following in vivo induction of betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase. Biochem J. 2006 Apr 15;395(2):363-71. [PubMed:16396637]
  3. Uthus EO, Reeves PG, Saari JT: Copper deficiency decreases plasma homocysteine in rats. J Nutr. 2007 Jun;137(6):1370-4. [PubMed:17513393]
  4. Liu J, Xie Y, Cooper R, Ducharme DM, Tennant R, Diwan BA, Waalkes MP: Transplacental exposure to inorganic arsenic at a hepatocarcinogenic dose induces fetal gene expression changes in mice indicative of aberrant estrogen signaling and disrupted steroid metabolism. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2007 May 1;220(3):284-91. Epub 2007 Feb 6. [PubMed:17350061]
  5. Hazra A, Wu K, Kraft P, Fuchs CS, Giovannucci EL, Hunter DJ: Twenty-four non-synonymous polymorphisms in the one-carbon metabolic pathway and risk of colorectal adenoma in the Nurses' Health Study. Carcinogenesis. 2007 Jul;28(7):1510-9. Epub 2007 Mar 26. [PubMed:17389618]
Details5. S-methylmethionine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase BHMT2
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Product of
General Function
Zinc ion binding
Specific Function
Involved in the regulation of homocysteine metabolism. Converts homocysteine to methionine using S-methylmethionine (SMM) as a methyl donor.
Gene Name
BHMT2
Uniprot ID
Q9H2M3
Uniprot Name
S-methylmethionine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase BHMT2
Molecular Weight
40353.84 Da
References
  1. Szegedi SS, Castro CC, Koutmos M, Garrow TA: Betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase-2 is an S-methylmethionine-homocysteine methyltransferase. J Biol Chem. 2008 Apr 4;283(14):8939-45. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M710449200. Epub 2008 Jan 29. [PubMed:18230605]

Enzymes

Details1. Glutamine synthetase
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Inhibitor
General Function
Manganese ion binding
Specific Function
This enzyme has 2 functions: it catalyzes the production of glutamine and 4-aminobutanoate (gamma-aminobutyric acid, GABA), the latter in a pyridoxal phosphate-independent manner (By similarity). E...
Gene Name
GLUL
Uniprot ID
P15104
Uniprot Name
Glutamine synthetase
Molecular Weight
42064.15 Da
References
  1. Rowe WB, Meister A: Studies on the inhibition of glutamine synthetase by methionine sulfone. Biochemistry. 1973 Apr 10;12(8):1578-82. [PubMed:4144717]
  2. Rowe WB, Ronzio RA, Meister A: Inhibition of glutamine synthetase by methionine sulfoximine. Studies on methionine sulfoximine phosphate. Biochemistry. 1969 Jun;8(6):2674-80. [PubMed:4308004]
  3. Orr J, Haselkorn R: Regulation of glutamine synthetase activity and synthesis in free-living and symbiotic Anabaena spp. J Bacteriol. 1982 Nov;152(2):626-35. [PubMed:6127334]
Details2. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Inhibitor
General Function
Protein complex binding
Specific Function
Catalyzes the conversion of 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate to 5-methyltetrahydrofolate, a co-substrate for homocysteine remethylation to methionine.
Gene Name
MTHFR
Uniprot ID
P42898
Uniprot Name
Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase
Molecular Weight
74595.895 Da
References
  1. Lor KL, Cossins EA: Regulation of C metabolism by L-methionine in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biochem J. 1972 Dec;130(3):773-83. [PubMed:4198357]
Details3. S-adenosylmethionine synthase isoform type-2
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Substrate
General Function
Methionine adenosyltransferase activity
Specific Function
Catalyzes the formation of S-adenosylmethionine from methionine and ATP.
Gene Name
MAT2A
Uniprot ID
P31153
Uniprot Name
S-adenosylmethionine synthase isoform type-2
Molecular Weight
43660.37 Da
References
  1. Rodriguez JL, Boukaba A, Sandoval J, Georgieva EI, Latasa MU, Garcia-Trevijano ER, Serviddio G, Nakamura T, Avila MA, Sastre J, Torres L, Mato JM, Lopez-Rodas G: Transcription of the MAT2A gene, coding for methionine adenosyltransferase, is up-regulated by E2F and Sp1 at a chromatin level during proliferation of liver cells. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2007;39(4):842-50. Epub 2007 Jan 20. [PubMed:17317269]
  2. Yang H, Magilnick N, Noureddin M, Mato JM, Lu SC: Effect of hepatocyte growth factor on methionine adenosyltransferase genes and growth is cell density-dependent in HepG2 cells. J Cell Physiol. 2007 Mar;210(3):766-73. [PubMed:17154373]
  3. Lin WC, Lin WL: Ameliorative effect of Ganoderma lucidum on carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis in rats. World J Gastroenterol. 2006 Jan 14;12(2):265-70. [PubMed:16482628]
  4. Chen H, Xia M, Lin M, Yang H, Kuhlenkamp J, Li T, Sodir NM, Chen YH, Josef-Lenz H, Laird PW, Clarke S, Mato JM, Lu SC: Role of methionine adenosyltransferase 2A and S-adenosylmethionine in mitogen-induced growth of human colon cancer cells. Gastroenterology. 2007 Jul;133(1):207-18. Epub 2007 Apr 11. [PubMed:17631143]
Details4. Methionine-R-sulfoxide reductase B2, mitochondrial
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Substrate
General Function
Zinc ion binding
Specific Function
Methionine-sulfoxide reductase that specifically reduces methionine (R)-sulfoxide back to methionine. While in many cases, methionine oxidation is the result of random oxidation following oxidative...
Gene Name
MSRB2
Uniprot ID
Q9Y3D2
Uniprot Name
Methionine-R-sulfoxide reductase B2, mitochondrial
Molecular Weight
19536.055 Da
References
  1. Schallreuter KU, Rubsam K, Chavan B, Zothner C, Gillbro JM, Spencer JD, Wood JM: Functioning methionine sulfoxide reductases A and B are present in human epidermal melanocytes in the cytosol and in the nucleus. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2006 Mar 31;342(1):145-52. Epub 2006 Feb 3. [PubMed:16480945]
  2. Ranaivoson FM, Kauffmann B, Neiers F, Wu J, Boschi-Muller S, Panjikar S, Aubry A, Branlant G, Favier F: The X-ray structure of the N-terminal domain of PILB from Neisseria meningitidis reveals a thioredoxin-fold. J Mol Biol. 2006 Apr 28;358(2):443-54. Epub 2006 Feb 28. [PubMed:16530221]
Details5. S-adenosylmethionine synthase isoform type-1
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Substrate
General Function
Methionine adenosyltransferase activity
Specific Function
Catalyzes the formation of S-adenosylmethionine from methionine and ATP.
Gene Name
MAT1A
Uniprot ID
Q00266
Uniprot Name
S-adenosylmethionine synthase isoform type-1
Molecular Weight
43647.6 Da
References
  1. Linnebank M, Lagler F, Muntau AC, Roschinger W, Olgemoller B, Fowler B, Koch HG: Methionine adenosyltransferase (MAT) I/III deficiency with concurrent hyperhomocysteinaemia: two novel cases. J Inherit Metab Dis. 2005;28(6):1167-8. [PubMed:16435220]
  2. Yang H, Magilnick N, Noureddin M, Mato JM, Lu SC: Effect of hepatocyte growth factor on methionine adenosyltransferase genes and growth is cell density-dependent in HepG2 cells. J Cell Physiol. 2007 Mar;210(3):766-73. [PubMed:17154373]
  3. Chen H, Xia M, Lin M, Yang H, Kuhlenkamp J, Li T, Sodir NM, Chen YH, Josef-Lenz H, Laird PW, Clarke S, Mato JM, Lu SC: Role of methionine adenosyltransferase 2A and S-adenosylmethionine in mitogen-induced growth of human colon cancer cells. Gastroenterology. 2007 Jul;133(1):207-18. Epub 2007 Apr 11. [PubMed:17631143]
  4. Rodriguez JL, Boukaba A, Sandoval J, Georgieva EI, Latasa MU, Garcia-Trevijano ER, Serviddio G, Nakamura T, Avila MA, Sastre J, Torres L, Mato JM, Lopez-Rodas G: Transcription of the MAT2A gene, coding for methionine adenosyltransferase, is up-regulated by E2F and Sp1 at a chromatin level during proliferation of liver cells. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2007;39(4):842-50. Epub 2007 Jan 20. [PubMed:17317269]
  5. Prudova A, Bauman Z, Braun A, Vitvitsky V, Lu SC, Banerjee R: S-adenosylmethionine stabilizes cystathionine beta-synthase and modulates redox capacity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Apr 25;103(17):6489-94. Epub 2006 Apr 13. [PubMed:16614071]
Details6. Methionine-R-sulfoxide reductase B1
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Substrate
General Function
Zinc ion binding
Specific Function
Methionine-sulfoxide reductase that specifically reduces methionine (R)-sulfoxide back to methionine. While in many cases, methionine oxidation is the result of random oxidation following oxidative...
Gene Name
MSRB1
Uniprot ID
Q9NZV6
Uniprot Name
Methionine-R-sulfoxide reductase B1
Molecular Weight
12760.095 Da
References
  1. Kim HY, Gladyshev VN: Alternative first exon splicing regulates subcellular distribution of methionine sulfoxide reductases. BMC Mol Biol. 2006 Mar 16;7:11. [PubMed:16542431]
  2. Kim HY, Fomenko DE, Yoon YE, Gladyshev VN: Catalytic advantages provided by selenocysteine in methionine-S-sulfoxide reductases. Biochemistry. 2006 Nov 21;45(46):13697-704. [PubMed:17105189]
Details7. Mitochondrial peptide methionine sulfoxide reductase
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Substrate
General Function
Peptide-methionine (s)-s-oxide reductase activity
Specific Function
Has an important function as a repair enzyme for proteins that have been inactivated by oxidation. Catalyzes the reversible oxidation-reduction of methionine sulfoxide in proteins to methionine.
Gene Name
MSRA
Uniprot ID
Q9UJ68
Uniprot Name
Mitochondrial peptide methionine sulfoxide reductase
Molecular Weight
26132.42 Da
References
  1. Schallreuter KU, Rubsam K, Chavan B, Zothner C, Gillbro JM, Spencer JD, Wood JM: Functioning methionine sulfoxide reductases A and B are present in human epidermal melanocytes in the cytosol and in the nucleus. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2006 Mar 31;342(1):145-52. Epub 2006 Feb 3. [PubMed:16480945]
  2. Su Z, Limberis J, Martin RL, Xu R, Kolbe K, Heinemann SH, Hoshi T, Cox BF, Gintant GA: Functional consequences of methionine oxidation of hERG potassium channels. Biochem Pharmacol. 2007 Sep 1;74(5):702-11. Epub 2007 Jun 7. [PubMed:17624316]
  3. Oien DB, Moskovitz J: Ablation of the mammalian methionine sulfoxide reductase A affects the expression level of cysteine deoxygenase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2007 Jan 12;352(2):556-9. Epub 2006 Nov 20. [PubMed:17126812]
  4. Rouhier N, Vieira Dos Santos C, Tarrago L, Rey P: Plant methionine sulfoxide reductase A and B multigenic families. Photosynth Res. 2006 Sep;89(2-3):247-62. Epub 2006 Sep 22. [PubMed:17031545]
  5. Gand A, Antoine M, Boschi-Muller S, Branlant G: Characterization of the amino acids involved in substrate specificity of methionine sulfoxide reductase A. J Biol Chem. 2007 Jul 13;282(28):20484-91. Epub 2007 May 11. [PubMed:17500063]
Details8. Methionine--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Substrate
General Function
Trna binding
Specific Function
Not Available
Gene Name
MARS
Uniprot ID
P56192
Uniprot Name
Methionine--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic
Molecular Weight
101114.925 Da
References
  1. Chwatko G, Boers GH, Strauss KA, Shih DM, Jakubowski H: Mutations in methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase or cystathionine beta-synthase gene, or a high-methionine diet, increase homocysteine thiolactone levels in humans and mice. FASEB J. 2007 Jun;21(8):1707-13. Epub 2007 Feb 27. [PubMed:17327360]
  2. Jakubowski H: Pathophysiological consequences of homocysteine excess. J Nutr. 2006 Jun;136(6 Suppl):1741S-1749S. [PubMed:16702349]
  3. Vaughan MD, Sampson PB, Daub E, Honek JF: Investigation of bioisosteric effects on the interaction of substrates/ inhibitors with the methionyl-tRNA synthetase from Escherichia coli. Med Chem. 2005 May;1(3):227-37. [PubMed:16787318]
Details9. Methionine--tRNA ligase, mitochondrial
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Substrate
General Function
Methionine-trna ligase activity
Specific Function
Not Available
Gene Name
MARS2
Uniprot ID
Q96GW9
Uniprot Name
Methionine--tRNA ligase, mitochondrial
Molecular Weight
66590.29 Da
References
  1. Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [PubMed:17139284]
  2. Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [PubMed:17016423]
  3. Spencer AC, Heck A, Takeuchi N, Watanabe K, Spremulli LL: Characterization of the human mitochondrial methionyl-tRNA synthetase. Biochemistry. 2004 Aug 3;43(30):9743-54. [PubMed:15274629]
Details10. Methionine adenosyltransferase 2 subunit beta
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Substrate
General Function
Methionine adenosyltransferase regulator activity
Specific Function
Non-catalytic regulatory subunit of S-adenosylmethionine synthetase 2 (MAT2A), an enzyme that catalyzes the formation of S-adenosylmethionine from methionine and ATP. Regulates the activity of S-ad...
Gene Name
MAT2B
Uniprot ID
Q9NZL9
Uniprot Name
Methionine adenosyltransferase 2 subunit beta
Molecular Weight
37551.535 Da
References
  1. Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [PubMed:17139284]
  2. Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [PubMed:17016423]
  3. LeGros L, Halim AB, Chamberlin ME, Geller A, Kotb M: Regulation of the human MAT2B gene encoding the regulatory beta subunit of methionine adenosyltransferase, MAT II. J Biol Chem. 2001 Jul 6;276(27):24918-24. Epub 2001 May 3. [PubMed:11337507]
Details11. S-methylmethionine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase BHMT2
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Product of
General Function
Zinc ion binding
Specific Function
Involved in the regulation of homocysteine metabolism. Converts homocysteine to methionine using S-methylmethionine (SMM) as a methyl donor.
Gene Name
BHMT2
Uniprot ID
Q9H2M3
Uniprot Name
S-methylmethionine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase BHMT2
Molecular Weight
40353.84 Da
References
  1. Szegedi SS, Castro CC, Koutmos M, Garrow TA: Betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase-2 is an S-methylmethionine-homocysteine methyltransferase. J Biol Chem. 2008 Apr 4;283(14):8939-45. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M710449200. Epub 2008 Jan 29. [PubMed:18230605]

Transporters

Details1. Monocarboxylate transporter 10
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Inhibitor
General Function
Transporter activity
Specific Function
Sodium-independent transporter that mediates the update of aromatic acid. Can function as a net efflux pathway for aromatic amino acids in the basosolateral epithelial cells (By similarity).
Gene Name
SLC16A10
Uniprot ID
Q8TF71
Uniprot Name
Monocarboxylate transporter 10
Molecular Weight
55492.07 Da
References
  1. Kim DK, Kanai Y, Chairoungdua A, Matsuo H, Cha SH, Endou H: Expression cloning of a Na+-independent aromatic amino acid transporter with structural similarity to H+/monocarboxylate transporters. J Biol Chem. 2001 May 18;276(20):17221-8. Epub 2001 Feb 20. [PubMed:11278508]

Drug created on June 13, 2005 07:24 / Updated on January 03, 2021 09:36