Sodium channel protein type 1 subunit alpha
Details
- Name
- Sodium channel protein type 1 subunit alpha
- Kind
- protein
- Synonyms
- NAC1
- SCN1
- Sodium channel protein brain I subunit alpha
- Sodium channel protein type I subunit alpha
- Voltage-gated sodium channel subunit alpha Nav1.1
- Gene Name
- SCN1A
- UniProtKB Entry
- P35498Swiss-Prot
- Organism
- Humans
- NCBI Taxonomy ID
- 9606
- Amino acid sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0000281|Sodium channel protein type 1 subunit alpha MEQTVLVPPGPDSFNFFTRESLAAIERRIAEEKAKNPKPDKKDDDENGPKPNSDLEAGKN LPFIYGDIPPEMVSEPLEDLDPYYINKKTFIVLNKGKAIFRFSATSALYILTPFNPLRKI AIKILVHSLFSMLIMCTILTNCVFMTMSNPPDWTKNVEYTFTGIYTFESLIKIIARGFCL EDFTFLRDPWNWLDFTVITFAYVTEFVDLGNVSALRTFRVLRALKTISVIPGLKTIVGAL IQSVKKLSDVMILTVFCLSVFALIGLQLFMGNLRNKCIQWPPTNASLEEHSIEKNITVNY NGTLINETVFEFDWKSYIQDSRYHYFLEGFLDALLCGNSSDAGQCPEGYMCVKAGRNPNY GYTSFDTFSWAFLSLFRLMTQDFWENLYQLTLRAAGKTYMIFFVLVIFLGSFYLINLILA VVAMAYEEQNQATLEEAEQKEAEFQQMIEQLKKQQEAAQQAATATASEHSREPSAAGRLS DSSSEASKLSSKSAKERRNRRKKRKQKEQSGGEEKDEDEFQKSESEDSIRRKGFRFSIEG NRLTYEKRYSSPHQSLLSIRGSLFSPRRNSRTSLFSFRGRAKDVGSENDFADDEHSTFED NESRRDSLFVPRRHGERRNSNLSQTSRSSRMLAVFPANGKMHSTVDCNGVVSLVGGPSVP TSPVGQLLPEVIIDKPATDDNGTTTETEMRKRRSSSFHVSMDFLEDPSQRQRAMSIASIL TNTVEELEESRQKCPPCWYKFSNIFLIWDCSPYWLKVKHVVNLVVMDPFVDLAITICIVL NTLFMAMEHYPMTDHFNNVLTVGNLVFTGIFTAEMFLKIIAMDPYYYFQEGWNIFDGFIV TLSLVELGLANVEGLSVLRSFRLLRVFKLAKSWPTLNMLIKIIGNSVGALGNLTLVLAII VFIFAVVGMQLFGKSYKDCVCKIASDCQLPRWHMNDFFHSFLIVFRVLCGEWIETMWDCM EVAGQAMCLTVFMMVMVIGNLVVLNLFLALLLSSFSADNLAATDDDNEMNNLQIAVDRMH KGVAYVKRKIYEFIQQSFIRKQKILDEIKPLDDLNNKKDSCMSNHTAEIGKDLDYLKDVN GTTSGIGTGSSVEKYIIDESDYMSFINNPSLTVTVPIAVGESDFENLNTEDFSSESDLEE SKEKLNESSSSSEGSTVDIGAPVEEQPVVEPEETLEPEACFTEGCVQRFKCCQINVEEGR GKQWWNLRRTCFRIVEHNWFETFIVFMILLSSGALAFEDIYIDQRKTIKTMLEYADKVFT YIFILEMLLKWVAYGYQTYFTNAWCWLDFLIVDVSLVSLTANALGYSELGAIKSLRTLRA LRPLRALSRFEGMRVVVNALLGAIPSIMNVLLVCLIFWLIFSIMGVNLFAGKFYHCINTT TGDRFDIEDVNNHTDCLKLIERNETARWKNVKVNFDNVGFGYLSLLQVATFKGWMDIMYA AVDSRNVELQPKYEESLYMYLYFVIFIIFGSFFTLNLFIGVIIDNFNQQKKKFGGQDIFM TEEQKKYYNAMKKLGSKKPQKPIPRPGNKFQGMVFDFVTRQVFDISIMILICLNMVTMMV ETDDQSEYVTTILSRINLVFIVLFTGECVLKLISLRHYYFTIGWNIFDFVVVILSIVGMF LAELIEKYFVSPTLFRVIRLARIGRILRLIKGAKGIRTLLFALMMSLPALFNIGLLLFLV MFIYAIFGMSNFAYVKREVGIDDMFNFETFGNSMICLFQITTSAGWDGLLAPILNSKPPD CDPNKVNPGSSVKGDCGNPSVGIFFFVSYIIISFLVVVNMYIAVILENFSVATEESAEPL SEDDFEMFYEVWEKFDPDATQFMEFEKLSQFAAALEPPLNLPQPNKLQLIAMDLPMVSGD RIHCLDILFAFTKRVLGESGEMDALRIQMEERFMASNPSKVSYQPITTTLKRKQEEVSAV IIQRAYRRHLLKRTVKQASFTYNKNKIKGGANLLIKEDMIIDRINENSITEKTDLTMSTA ACPPSYDRVTKPIVEKHEQEGKDEKAKGK
- Number of residues
- 2009
- Molecular Weight
- 228969.49
- Theoretical pI
- 5.53
- GO Classification
- Functionsvoltage-gated monoatomic ion channel activity involved in regulation of presynaptic membrane potentialProcessescardiac muscle cell action potential involved in contraction / detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception of pain / determination of adult lifespan / establishment of localization in cell / nerve developmentComponentsnuclear body / nucleoplasm
- General Function
- Mediates the voltage-dependent sodium ion permeability of excitable membranes. Assuming opened or closed conformations in response to the voltage difference across the membrane, the protein forms a sodium-selective channel through which Na(+) ions may pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient (PubMed:14672992). Plays a key role in brain, probably by regulating the moment when neurotransmitters are released in neurons. Involved in sensory perception of mechanical pain: activation in somatosensory neurons induces pain without neurogenic inflammation and produces hypersensitivity to mechanical, but not thermal stimuli
- Specific Function
- voltage-gated monoatomic ion channel activity involved in regulation of presynaptic membrane potential
- Pfam Domain Function
- Signal Regions
- Not Available
- Transmembrane Regions
- 129-147 155-175 190-207 214-230 250-269 400-420 769-787 799-818 833-852 855-872 889-907 971-991 1220-1237 1251-1269 1284-1302 1311-1329 1347-1366 1458-1479 1543-1560 1572-1590 1603-1620 1634-1650 1670-1687 1763-1785
- Cellular Location
- Cell membrane
- Gene sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0010177|Sodium channel protein type 1 subunit alpha (SCN1A) ATGGAGCAAACAGTGCTTGTACCACCAGGACCTGACAGCTTCAACTTCTTCACCAGAGAA TCTCTTGCGGCTATTGAAAGACGCATTGCAGAAGAAAAGGCAAAGAATCCCAAACCAGAC AAAAAAGATGACGACGAAAATGGCCCAAAGCCAAATAGTGACTTGGAAGCTGGAAAGAAC CTTCCATTTATTTATGGAGACATTCCTCCAGAGATGGTGTCAGAGCCCCTGGAGGACCTG GACCCCTACTATATCAATAAGAAAACTTTTATAGTATTGAATAAAGGGAAGGCCATCTTC CGGTTCAGTGCCACCTCTGCCCTGTACATTTTAACTCCCTTCAATCCTCTTAGGAAAATA GCTATTAAGATTTTGGTACATTCATTATTCAGCATGCTAATTATGTGCACTATTTTGACA AACTGTGTGTTTATGACAATGAGTAACCCTCCTGATTGGACAAAGAATGTAGAATACACC TTCACAGGAATATATACTTTTGAATCACTTATAAAAATTATTGCAAGGGGATTCTGTTTA GAAGATTTTACTTTCCTTCGGGATCCATGGAACTGGCTCGATTTCACTGTCATTACATTT GCGTACGTCACAGAGTTTGTGGACCTGGGCAATGTCTCGGCATTGAGAACATTCAGAGTT CTCCGAGCATTGAAGACGATTTCAGTCATTCCAGGCCTGAAAACCATTGTGGGAGCCCTG ATCCAGTCTGTGAAGAAGCTCTCAGATGTAATGATCCTGACTGTGTTCTGTCTGAGCGTA TTTGCTCTAATTGGGCTGCAGCTGTTCATGGGCAACCTGAGGAATAAATGTATACAATGG CCTCCCACCAATGCTTCCTTGGAGGAACATAGTATAGAAAAGAATATAACTGTGAATTAT AATGGTACACTTATAAATGAAACTGTCTTTGAGTTTGACTGGAAGTCATATATTCAAGAT TCAAGATATCATTATTTCCTGGAGGGTTTTTTAGATGCACTACTATGTGGAAATAGCTCT GATGCAGGCCAATGTCCAGAGGGATATATGTGTGTGAAAGCTGGTAGAAATCCCAATTAT GGCTACACAAGCTTTGATACCTTCAGTTGGGCTTTTTTGTCCTTGTTTCGACTAATGACT CAGGACTTCTGGGAAAATCTTTATCAACTGACATTACGTGCTGCTGGGAAAACGTACATG ATATTTTTTGTATTGGTCATTTTCTTGGGCTCATTCTACCTAATAAATTTGATCCTGGCT GTGGTGGCCATGGCCTACGAGGAACAGAATCAGGCCACCTTGGAAGAAGCAGAACAGAAA GAGGCCGAATTTCAGCAGATGATTGAACAGCTTAAAAAGCAACAGGAGGCAGCTCAGCAG GCAGCAACGGCAACTGCCTCAGAACATTCCAGAGAGCCCAGTGCAGCAGGCAGGCTCTCA GACAGCTCATCTGAAGCCTCTAAGTTGAGTTCCAAGAGTGCTAAGGAAAGAAGAAATCGG AGGAAGAAAAGAAAACAGAAAGAGCAGTCTGGTGGGGAAGAGAAAGATGAGGATGAATTC CAAAAATCTGAATCTGAGGACAGCATCAGGAGGAAAGGTTTTCGCTTCTCCATTGAAGGG AACCGATTGACATATGAAAAGAGGTACTCCTCCCCACACCAGTCTTTGTTGAGCATCCGT GGCTCCCTATTTTCACCAAGGCGAAATAGCAGAACAAGCCTTTTCAGCTTTAGAGGGCGA GCAAAGGATGTGGGATCTGAGAACGACTTCGCAGATGATGAGCACAGCACCTTTGAGGAT AACGAGAGCCGTAGAGATTCCTTGTTTGTGCCCCGACGACACGGAGAGAGACGCAACAGC AACCTGAGTCAGACCAGTAGGTCATCCCGGATGCTGGCAGTGTTTCCAGCGAATGGGAAG ATGCACAGCACTGTGGATTGCAATGGTGTGGTTTCCTTGGTTGGTGGACCTTCAGTTCCT ACATCGCCTGTTGGACAGCTTCTGCCAGAGGTGATAATAGATAAGCCAGCTACTGATGAC AATGGAACAACCACTGAAACTGAAATGAGAAAGAGAAGGTCAAGTTCTTTCCACGTTTCC ATGGACTTTCTAGAAGATCCTTCCCAAAGGCAACGAGCAATGAGTATAGCCAGCATTCTA ACAAATACAGTAGAAGAACTTGAAGAATCCAGGCAGAAATGCCCACCCTGTTGGTATAAA TTTTCCAACATATTCTTAATCTGGGACTGTTCTCCATATTGGTTAAAAGTGAAACATGTT GTCAACCTGGTTGTGATGGACCCATTTGTTGACCTGGCCATCACCATCTGTATTGTCTTA AATACTCTTTTCATGGCCATGGAGCACTATCCAATGACGGACCATTTCAATAATGTGCTT ACAGTAGGAAACTTGGTTTTCACTGGGATCTTTACAGCAGAAATGTTTCTGAAAATTATT GCCATGGATCCTTACTATTATTTCCAAGAAGGCTGGAATATCTTTGACGGTTTTATTGTG ACGCTTAGCCTGGTAGAACTTGGACTCGCCAATGTGGAAGGATTATCTGTTCTCCGTTCA TTTCGATTGCTGCGAGTTTTCAAGTTGGCAAAATCTTGGCCAACGTTAAATATGCTAATA AAGATCATCGGCAATTCCGTGGGGGCTCTGGGAAATTTAACCCTCGTCTTGGCCATCATC GTCTTCATTTTTGCCGTGGTCGGCATGCAGCTCTTTGGTAAAAGCTACAAAGATTGTGTC TGCAAGATCGCCAGTGATTGTCAACTCCCACGCTGGCACATGAATGACTTCTTCCACTCC TTCCTGATTGTGTTCCGCGTGCTGTGTGGGGAGTGGATAGAGACCATGTGGGACTGTATG GAGGTTGCTGGTCAAGCCATGTGCCTTACTGTCTTCATGATGGTCATGGTGATTGGAAAC CTAGTGGTCCTGAATCTCTTTCTGGCCTTGCTTCTGAGCTCATTTAGTGCAGACAACCTT GCAGCCACTGATGATGATAATGAAATGAATAATCTCCAAATTGCTGTGGATAGGATGCAC AAAGGAGTAGCTTATGTGAAAAGAAAAATATATGAATTTATTCAACAGTCCTTCATTAGG AAACAAAAGATTTTAGATGAAATTAAACCACTTGATGATCTAAACAACAAGAAAGACAGT TGTATGTCCAATCATACAGCAGAAATTGGGAAAGATCTTGACTATCTTAAAGATGTAAAT GGAACTACAAGTGGTATAGGAACTGGCAGCAGTGTTGAAAAATACATTATTGATGAAAGT GATTACATGTCATTCATAAACAACCCCAGTCTTACTGTGACTGTACCAATTGCTGTAGGA GAATCTGACTTTGAAAATTTAAACACGGAAGACTTTAGTAGTGAATCGGATCTGGAAGAA AGCAAAGAGAAACTGAATGAAAGCAGTAGCTCATCAGAAGGTAGCACTGTGGACATCGGC GCACCTGTAGAAGAACAGCCCGTAGTGGAACCTGAAGAAACTCTTGAACCAGAAGCTTGT TTCACTGAAGGCTGTGTACAAAGATTCAAGTGTTGTCAAATCAATGTGGAAGAAGGCAGA GGAAAACAATGGTGGAACCTGAGAAGGACGTGTTTCCGAATAGTTGAACATAACTGGTTT GAGACCTTCATTGTTTTCATGATTCTCCTTAGTAGTGGTGCTCTGGCATTTGAAGATATA TATATTGATCAGCGAAAGACGATTAAGACGATGTTGGAATATGCTGACAAGGTTTTCACT TACATTTTCATTCTGGAAATGCTTCTAAAATGGGTGGCATATGGCTATCAAACATATTTC ACCAATGCCTGGTGTTGGCTGGACTTCTTAATTGTTGATGTTTCATTGGTCAGTTTAACA GCAAATGCCTTGGGTTACTCAGAACTTGGAGCCATCAAATCTCTCAGGACACTAAGAGCT CTGAGACCTCTAAGAGCCTTATCTCGATTTGAAGGGATGAGGGTGGTTGTGAATGCCCTT TTAGGAGCAATTCCATCCATCATGAATGTGCTTCTGGTTTGTCTTATATTCTGGCTAATT TTCAGCATCATGGGCGTAAATTTGTTTGCTGGCAAATTCTACCACTGTATTAACACCACA ACTGGTGACAGGTTTGACATCGAAGACGTGAATAATCATACTGATTGCCTAAAACTAATA GAAAGAAATGAGACTGCTCGATGGAAAAATGTGAAAGTAAACTTTGATAATGTAGGATTT GGGTATCTCTCTTTGCTTCAAGTTGCCACATTCAAAGGATGGATGGATATAATGTATGCA GCAGTTGATTCCAGAAATGTGGAACTCCAGCCTAAGTATGAAGAAAGTCTGTACATGTAT CTTTACTTTGTTATTTTCATCATCTTTGGGTCCTTCTTCACCTTGAACCTGTTTATTGGT GTCATCATAGATAATTTCAACCAGCAGAAAAAGAAGTTTGGAGGTCAAGACATCTTTATG ACAGAAGAACAGAAGAAATACTATAATGCAATGAAAAAATTAGGATCGAAAAAACCGCAA AAGCCTATACCTCGACCAGGAAACAAATTTCAAGGAATGGTCTTTGACTTCGTAACCAGA CAAGTTTTTGACATAAGCATCATGATTCTCATCTGTCTTAACATGGTCACAATGATGGTG GAAACAGATGACCAGAGTGAATATGTGACTACCATTTTGTCACGCATCAATCTGGTGTTC ATTGTGCTATTTACTGGAGAGTGTGTACTGAAACTCATCTCTCTACGCCATTATTATTTT ACCATTGGATGGAATATTTTTGATTTTGTGGTTGTCATTCTCTCCATTGTAGGTATGTTT CTTGCCGAGCTGATAGAAAAGTATTTCGTGTCCCCTACCCTGTTCCGAGTGATCCGTCTT GCTAGGATTGGCCGAATCCTACGTCTGATCAAAGGAGCAAAGGGGATCCGCACGCTGCTC TTTGCTTTGATGATGTCCCTTCCTGCGTTGTTTAACATCGGCCTCCTACTCTTCCTAGTC ATGTTCATCTACGCCATCTTTGGGATGTCCAACTTTGCCTATGTTAAGAGGGAAGTTGGG ATCGATGACATGTTCAACTTTGAGACCTTTGGCAACAGCATGATCTGCCTATTCCAAATT ACAACCTCTGCTGGCTGGGATGGATTGCTAGCACCCATTCTCAACAGTAAGCCACCCGAC TGTGACCCTAATAAAGTTAACCCTGGAAGCTCAGTTAAGGGAGACTGTGGGAACCCATCT GTTGGAATTTTCTTTTTTGTCAGTTACATCATCATATCCTTCCTGGTTGTGGTGAACATG TACATCGCGGTCATCCTGGAGAACTTCAGTGTTGCTACTGAAGAAAGTGCAGAGCCTCTG AGTGAGGATGACTTTGAGATGTTCTATGAGGTTTGGGAGAAGTTTGATCCCGATGCAACT CAGTTCATGGAATTTGAAAAATTATCTCAGTTTGCAGCTGCGCTTGAACCGCCTCTCAAT CTGCCACAACCAAACAAACTCCAGCTCATTGCCATGGATTTGCCCATGGTGAGTGGTGAC CGGATCCACTGTCTTGATATCTTATTTGCTTTTACAAAGCGGGTTCTAGGAGAGAGTGGA GAGATGGATGCTCTACGAATACAGATGGAAGAGCGATTCATGGCTTCCAATCCTTCCAAG GTCTCCTATCAGCCAATCACTACTACTTTAAAACGAAAACAAGAGGAAGTATCTGCTGTC ATTATTCAGCGTGCTTACAGACGCCACCTTTTAAAGCGAACTGTAAAACAAGCTTCCTTT ACGTACAATAAAAACAAAATCAAAGGTGGGGCTAATCTTCTTATAAAAGAAGACATGATA ATTGACAGAATAAATGAAAACTCTATTACAGAAAAAACTGATCTGACCATGTCCACTGCA GCTTGTCCACCTTCCTATGACCGGGTGACAAAGCCAATTGTGGAAAAACATGAGCAAGAA GGCAAAGATGAAAAAGCCAAAGGGAAATAA
- Chromosome Location
- 2
- Locus
- 2q24.3
- External Identifiers
Resource Link UniProtKB ID P35498 UniProtKB Entry Name SCN1A_HUMAN GenBank Protein ID 12642270 GenBank Gene ID AF225985 GeneCard ID SCN1A GenAtlas ID SCN1A HGNC ID HGNC:10585 PDB ID(s) 7DTD KEGG ID hsa:6323 IUPHAR/Guide To Pharmacology ID 578 NCBI Gene ID 6323 - General References
- Escayg A, MacDonald BT, Meisler MH, Baulac S, Huberfeld G, An-Gourfinkel I, Brice A, LeGuern E, Moulard B, Chaigne D, Buresi C, Malafosse A: Mutations of SCN1A, encoding a neuronal sodium channel, in two families with GEFS+2. Nat Genet. 2000 Apr;24(4):343-5. [Article]
- Hillier LW, Graves TA, Fulton RS, Fulton LA, Pepin KH, Minx P, Wagner-McPherson C, Layman D, Wylie K, Sekhon M, Becker MC, Fewell GA, Delehaunty KD, Miner TL, Nash WE, Kremitzki C, Oddy L, Du H, Sun H, Bradshaw-Cordum H, Ali J, Carter J, Cordes M, Harris A, Isak A, van Brunt A, Nguyen C, Du F, Courtney L, Kalicki J, Ozersky P, Abbott S, Armstrong J, Belter EA, Caruso L, Cedroni M, Cotton M, Davidson T, Desai A, Elliott G, Erb T, Fronick C, Gaige T, Haakenson W, Haglund K, Holmes A, Harkins R, Kim K, Kruchowski SS, Strong CM, Grewal N, Goyea E, Hou S, Levy A, Martinka S, Mead K, McLellan MD, Meyer R, Randall-Maher J, Tomlinson C, Dauphin-Kohlberg S, Kozlowicz-Reilly A, Shah N, Swearengen-Shahid S, Snider J, Strong JT, Thompson J, Yoakum M, Leonard S, Pearman C, Trani L, Radionenko M, Waligorski JE, Wang C, Rock SM, Tin-Wollam AM, Maupin R, Latreille P, Wendl MC, Yang SP, Pohl C, Wallis JW, Spieth J, Bieri TA, Berkowicz N, Nelson JO, Osborne J, Ding L, Meyer R, Sabo A, Shotland Y, Sinha P, Wohldmann PE, Cook LL, Hickenbotham MT, Eldred J, Williams D, Jones TA, She X, Ciccarelli FD, Izaurralde E, Taylor J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Cox DR, Huang X, McPherson JD, Mardis ER, Clifton SW, Warren WC, Chinwalla AT, Eddy SR, Marra MA, Ovcharenko I, Furey TS, Miller W, Eichler EE, Bork P, Suyama M, Torrents D, Waterston RH, Wilson RK: Generation and annotation of the DNA sequences of human chromosomes 2 and 4. Nature. 2005 Apr 7;434(7034):724-31. [Article]
- Malo MS, Blanchard BJ, Andresen JM, Srivastava K, Chen XN, Li X, Jabs EW, Korenberg JR, Ingram VM: Localization of a putative human brain sodium channel gene (SCN1A) to chromosome band 2q24. Cytogenet Cell Genet. 1994;67(3):178-86. [Article]
- Lu CM, Han J, Rado TA, Brown GB: Differential expression of two sodium channel subtypes in human brain. FEBS Lett. 1992 May 25;303(1):53-8. [Article]
- Wang C, Wang C, Hoch EG, Pitt GS: Identification of novel interaction sites that determine specificity between fibroblast growth factor homologous factors and voltage-gated sodium channels. J Biol Chem. 2011 Jul 8;286(27):24253-63. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M111.245803. Epub 2011 May 12. [Article]
- Wallace RH, Scheffer IE, Barnett S, Richards M, Dibbens L, Desai RR, Lerman-Sagie T, Lev D, Mazarib A, Brand N, Ben-Zeev B, Goikhman I, Singh R, Kremmidiotis G, Gardner A, Sutherland GR, George AL Jr, Mulley JC, Berkovic SF: Neuronal sodium-channel alpha1-subunit mutations in generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus. Am J Hum Genet. 2001 Apr;68(4):859-65. Epub 2001 Mar 13. [Article]
- Escayg A, Heils A, MacDonald BT, Haug K, Sander T, Meisler MH: A novel SCN1A mutation associated with generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus--and prevalence of variants in patients with epilepsy. Am J Hum Genet. 2001 Apr;68(4):866-73. Epub 2001 Mar 14. [Article]
- Claes L, Del-Favero J, Ceulemans B, Lagae L, Van Broeckhoven C, De Jonghe P: De novo mutations in the sodium-channel gene SCN1A cause severe myoclonic epilepsy of infancy. Am J Hum Genet. 2001 Jun;68(6):1327-32. Epub 2001 May 15. [Article]
- Sugawara T, Mazaki-Miyazaki E, Ito M, Nagafuji H, Fukuma G, Mitsudome A, Wada K, Kaneko S, Hirose S, Yamakawa K: Nav1.1 mutations cause febrile seizures associated with afebrile partial seizures. Neurology. 2001 Aug 28;57(4):703-5. [Article]
- Abou-Khalil B, Ge Q, Desai R, Ryther R, Bazyk A, Bailey R, Haines JL, Sutcliffe JS, George AL Jr: Partial and generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus and a novel SCN1A mutation. Neurology. 2001 Dec 26;57(12):2265-72. [Article]
- Ohmori I, Ouchida M, Ohtsuka Y, Oka E, Shimizu K: Significant correlation of the SCN1A mutations and severe myoclonic epilepsy in infancy. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2002 Jul 5;295(1):17-23. [Article]
- Fujiwara T, Sugawara T, Mazaki-Miyazaki E, Takahashi Y, Fukushima K, Watanabe M, Hara K, Morikawa T, Yagi K, Yamakawa K, Inoue Y: Mutations of sodium channel alpha subunit type 1 (SCN1A) in intractable childhood epilepsies with frequent generalized tonic-clonic seizures. Brain. 2003 Mar;126(Pt 3):531-46. [Article]
- Annesi G, Gambardella A, Carrideo S, Incorpora G, Labate A, Pasqua AA, Civitelli D, Polizzi A, Annesi F, Spadafora P, Tarantino P, Ciro Candiano IC, Romeo N, De Marco EV, Ventura P, LePiane E, Zappia M, Aguglia U, Pavone L, Quattrone A: Two novel SCN1A missense mutations in generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus. Epilepsia. 2003 Sep;44(9):1257-8. [Article]
- Cossette P, Loukas A, Lafreniere RG, Rochefort D, Harvey-Girard E, Ragsdale DS, Dunn RJ, Rouleau GA: Functional characterization of the D188V mutation in neuronal voltage-gated sodium channel causing generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus (GEFS). Epilepsy Res. 2003 Feb;53(1-2):107-17. [Article]
- Claes L, Ceulemans B, Audenaert D, Smets K, Lofgren A, Del-Favero J, Ala-Mello S, Basel-Vanagaite L, Plecko B, Raskin S, Thiry P, Wolf NI, Van Broeckhoven C, De Jonghe P: De novo SCN1A mutations are a major cause of severe myoclonic epilepsy of infancy. Hum Mutat. 2003 Jun;21(6):615-21. [Article]
- Lossin C, Rhodes TH, Desai RR, Vanoye CG, Wang D, Carniciu S, Devinsky O, George AL Jr: Epilepsy-associated dysfunction in the voltage-gated neuronal sodium channel SCN1A. J Neurosci. 2003 Dec 10;23(36):11289-95. [Article]
- Weiss LA, Escayg A, Kearney JA, Trudeau M, MacDonald BT, Mori M, Reichert J, Buxbaum JD, Meisler MH: Sodium channels SCN1A, SCN2A and SCN3A in familial autism. Mol Psychiatry. 2003 Feb;8(2):186-94. [Article]
- Nabbout R, Gennaro E, Dalla Bernardina B, Dulac O, Madia F, Bertini E, Capovilla G, Chiron C, Cristofori G, Elia M, Fontana E, Gaggero R, Granata T, Guerrini R, Loi M, La Selva L, Lispi ML, Matricardi A, Romeo A, Tzolas V, Valseriati D, Veggiotti P, Vigevano F, Vallee L, Dagna Bricarelli F, Bianchi A, Zara F: Spectrum of SCN1A mutations in severe myoclonic epilepsy of infancy. Neurology. 2003 Jun 24;60(12):1961-7. [Article]
- Wallace RH, Hodgson BL, Grinton BE, Gardiner RM, Robinson R, Rodriguez-Casero V, Sadleir L, Morgan J, Harkin LA, Dibbens LM, Yamamoto T, Andermann E, Mulley JC, Berkovic SF, Scheffer IE: Sodium channel alpha1-subunit mutations in severe myoclonic epilepsy of infancy and infantile spasms. Neurology. 2003 Sep 23;61(6):765-9. [Article]
- Spampanato J, Escayg A, Meisler MH, Goldin AL: Generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus type 2 mutation W1204R alters voltage-dependent gating of Na(v)1.1 sodium channels. Neuroscience. 2003;116(1):37-48. [Article]
- Fukuma G, Oguni H, Shirasaka Y, Watanabe K, Miyajima T, Yasumoto S, Ohfu M, Inoue T, Watanachai A, Kira R, Matsuo M, Muranaka H, Sofue F, Zhang B, Kaneko S, Mitsudome A, Hirose S: Mutations of neuronal voltage-gated Na+ channel alpha 1 subunit gene SCN1A in core severe myoclonic epilepsy in infancy (SMEI) and in borderline SMEI (SMEB). Epilepsia. 2004 Feb;45(2):140-8. [Article]
- Spampanato J, Kearney JA, de Haan G, McEwen DP, Escayg A, Aradi I, MacDonald BT, Levin SI, Soltesz I, Benna P, Montalenti E, Isom LL, Goldin AL, Meisler MH: A novel epilepsy mutation in the sodium channel SCN1A identifies a cytoplasmic domain for beta subunit interaction. J Neurosci. 2004 Nov 3;24(44):10022-34. [Article]
- Ceulemans BP, Claes LR, Lagae LG: Clinical correlations of mutations in the SCN1A gene: from febrile seizures to severe myoclonic epilepsy in infancy. Pediatr Neurol. 2004 Apr;30(4):236-43. [Article]
- Kimura K, Sugawara T, Mazaki-Miyazaki E, Hoshino K, Nomura Y, Tateno A, Hachimori K, Yamakawa K, Segawa M: A missense mutation in SCN1A in brothers with severe myoclonic epilepsy in infancy (SMEI) inherited from a father with febrile seizures. Brain Dev. 2005 Sep;27(6):424-30. Epub 2005 Jan 12. [Article]
- Nagao Y, Mazaki-Miyazaki E, Okamura N, Takagi M, Igarashi T, Yamakawa K: A family of generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus type 2-a new missense mutation of SCN1A found in the pedigree of several patients with complex febrile seizures. Epilepsy Res. 2005 Feb;63(2-3):151-6. [Article]
- Rhodes TH, Vanoye CG, Ohmori I, Ogiwara I, Yamakawa K, George AL Jr: Sodium channel dysfunction in intractable childhood epilepsy with generalized tonic-clonic seizures. J Physiol. 2005 Dec 1;569(Pt 2):433-45. Epub 2005 Oct 6. [Article]
- Dichgans M, Freilinger T, Eckstein G, Babini E, Lorenz-Depiereux B, Biskup S, Ferrari MD, Herzog J, van den Maagdenberg AM, Pusch M, Strom TM: Mutation in the neuronal voltage-gated sodium channel SCN1A in familial hemiplegic migraine. Lancet. 2005 Jul 30-Aug 5;366(9483):371-7. [Article]
- Ebach K, Joos H, Doose H, Stephani U, Kurlemann G, Fiedler B, Hahn A, Hauser E, Hundt K, Holthausen H, Muller U, Neubauer BA: SCN1A mutation analysis in myoclonic astatic epilepsy and severe idiopathic generalized epilepsy of infancy with generalized tonic-clonic seizures. Neuropediatrics. 2005 Jun;36(3):210-3. [Article]
- Mantegazza M, Gambardella A, Rusconi R, Schiavon E, Annesi F, Cassulini RR, Labate A, Carrideo S, Chifari R, Canevini MP, Canger R, Franceschetti S, Annesi G, Wanke E, Quattrone A: Identification of an Nav1.1 sodium channel (SCN1A) loss-of-function mutation associated with familial simple febrile seizures. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005 Dec 13;102(50):18177-82. Epub 2005 Dec 2. [Article]
- Pineda-Trujillo N, Carrizosa J, Cornejo W, Arias W, Franco C, Cabrera D, Bedoya G, Ruiz-Linares A: A novel SCN1A mutation associated with severe GEFS+ in a large South American pedigree. Seizure. 2005 Mar;14(2):123-8. [Article]
- Stefanaki E, Aggelakou V, Orfanou M, Kokori E, Boutoufianakis S: Epilepsy with a de novo missense mutation in the sodium channel a1 subunit: a case report. Acta Paediatr. 2006 Dec;95(12):1703-6. [Article]
- Mancardi MM, Striano P, Gennaro E, Madia F, Paravidino R, Scapolan S, Dalla Bernardina B, Bertini E, Bianchi A, Capovilla G, Darra F, Elia M, Freri E, Gobbi G, Granata T, Guerrini R, Pantaleoni C, Parmeggiani A, Romeo A, Santucci M, Vecchi M, Veggiotti P, Vigevano F, Pistorio A, Gaggero R, Zara F: Familial occurrence of febrile seizures and epilepsy in severe myoclonic epilepsy of infancy (SMEI) patients with SCN1A mutations. Epilepsia. 2006 Oct;47(10):1629-35. [Article]
- Ohmori I, Kahlig KM, Rhodes TH, Wang DW, George AL Jr: Nonfunctional SCN1A is common in severe myoclonic epilepsy of infancy. Epilepsia. 2006 Oct;47(10):1636-42. [Article]
- Barela AJ, Waddy SP, Lickfett JG, Hunter J, Anido A, Helmers SL, Goldin AL, Escayg A: An epilepsy mutation in the sodium channel SCN1A that decreases channel excitability. J Neurosci. 2006 Mar 8;26(10):2714-23. [Article]
- Berkovic SF, Harkin L, McMahon JM, Pelekanos JT, Zuberi SM, Wirrell EC, Gill DS, Iona X, Mulley JC, Scheffer IE: De-novo mutations of the sodium channel gene SCN1A in alleged vaccine encephalopathy: a retrospective study. Lancet Neurol. 2006 Jun;5(6):488-92. [Article]
- Kearney JA, Wiste AK, Stephani U, Trudeau MM, Siegel A, RamachandranNair R, Elterman RD, Muhle H, Reinsdorf J, Shields WD, Meisler MH, Escayg A: Recurrent de novo mutations of SCN1A in severe myoclonic epilepsy of infancy. Pediatr Neurol. 2006 Feb;34(2):116-20. [Article]
- Harkin LA, McMahon JM, Iona X, Dibbens L, Pelekanos JT, Zuberi SM, Sadleir LG, Andermann E, Gill D, Farrell K, Connolly M, Stanley T, Harbord M, Andermann F, Wang J, Batish SD, Jones JG, Seltzer WK, Gardner A, Sutherland G, Berkovic SF, Mulley JC, Scheffer IE: The spectrum of SCN1A-related infantile epileptic encephalopathies. Brain. 2007 Mar;130(Pt 3):843-52. [Article]
- Marini C, Mei D, Temudo T, Ferrari AR, Buti D, Dravet C, Dias AI, Moreira A, Calado E, Seri S, Neville B, Narbona J, Reid E, Michelucci R, Sicca F, Cross HJ, Guerrini R: Idiopathic epilepsies with seizures precipitated by fever and SCN1A abnormalities. Epilepsia. 2007 Sep;48(9):1678-85. Epub 2007 Jun 11. [Article]
- Osaka H, Ogiwara I, Mazaki E, Okamura N, Yamashita S, Iai M, Yamada M, Kurosawa K, Iwamoto H, Yasui-Furukori N, Kaneko S, Fujiwara T, Inoue Y, Yamakawa K: Patients with a sodium channel alpha 1 gene mutation show wide phenotypic variation. Epilepsy Res. 2007 Jun;75(1):46-51. Epub 2007 May 15. [Article]
- Vanmolkot KR, Babini E, de Vries B, Stam AH, Freilinger T, Terwindt GM, Norris L, Haan J, Frants RR, Ramadan NM, Ferrari MD, Pusch M, van den Maagdenberg AM, Dichgans M: The novel p.L1649Q mutation in the SCN1A epilepsy gene is associated with familial hemiplegic migraine: genetic and functional studies. Mutation in brief #957. Online. Hum Mutat. 2007 May;28(5):522. [Article]
- Grosso S, Orrico A, Galli L, Di Bartolo R, Sorrentino V, Balestri P: SCN1A mutation associated with atypical Panayiotopoulos syndrome. Neurology. 2007 Aug 7;69(6):609-11. [Article]
- Okumura A, Kurahashi H, Hirose S, Okawa N, Watanabe K: Focal epilepsy resulting from a de novo SCN1A mutation. Neuropediatrics. 2007 Oct;38(5):253-6. doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1062703. [Article]
- Gargus JJ, Tournay A: Novel mutation confirms seizure locus SCN1A is also familial hemiplegic migraine locus FHM3. Pediatr Neurol. 2007 Dec;37(6):407-10. [Article]
- Selmer KK, Egeland T, Solaas MH, Nakken KO, Kjeldsen MJ, Friis ML, Brandal K, Corey LA, Undlien DE: Genetic screening of Scandinavian families with febrile seizures and epilepsy or GEFS+. Acta Neurol Scand. 2008 Apr;117(4):289-92. Epub 2007 Oct 10. [Article]
- Zucca C, Redaelli F, Epifanio R, Zanotta N, Romeo A, Lodi M, Veggiotti P, Airoldi G, Panzeri C, Romaniello R, De Polo G, Bonanni P, Cardinali S, Baschirotto C, Martorell L, Borgatti R, Bresolin N, Bassi MT: Cryptogenic epileptic syndromes related to SCN1A: twelve novel mutations identified. Arch Neurol. 2008 Apr;65(4):489-94. doi: 10.1001/archneur.65.4.489. [Article]
- Hindocha N, Nashef L, Elmslie F, Birch R, Zuberi S, Al-Chalabi A, Crotti L, Schwartz PJ, Makoff A: Two cases of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy in a GEFS+ family with an SCN1A mutation. Epilepsia. 2008 Feb;49(2):360-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2007.01439_2.x. [Article]
- Ohmori I, Ouchida M, Kobayashi K, Jitsumori Y, Inoue T, Shimizu K, Matsui H, Ohtsuka Y, Maegaki Y: Rasmussen encephalitis associated with SCN 1 A mutation. Epilepsia. 2008 Mar;49(3):521-6. Epub 2007 Nov 21. [Article]
- Sun H, Zhang Y, Liang J, Liu X, Ma X, Wu H, Xu K, Qin J, Qi Y, Wu X: SCN1A, SCN1B, and GABRG2 gene mutation analysis in Chinese families with generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus. J Hum Genet. 2008;53(8):769-74. doi: 10.1007/s10038-008-0306-y. Epub 2008 Jun 20. [Article]
- Miyama S, Goto T, Inoue Y, Yamakawa K: Monozygotic twins with severe myoclonic epilepsy in infancy discordant for clinical features. Pediatr Neurol. 2008 Aug;39(2):120-2. doi: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2008.04.003. [Article]
- Lakhan R, Kumari R, Misra UK, Kalita J, Pradhan S, Mittal B: Differential role of sodium channels SCN1A and SCN2A gene polymorphisms with epilepsy and multiple drug resistance in the north Indian population. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2009 Aug;68(2):214-20. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2009.03437.x. [Article]
- Shi X, Yasumoto S, Nakagawa E, Fukasawa T, Uchiya S, Hirose S: Missense mutation of the sodium channel gene SCN2A causes Dravet syndrome. Brain Dev. 2009 Nov;31(10):758-62. doi: 10.1016/j.braindev.2009.08.009. Epub 2009 Sep 23. [Article]
- Orrico A, Galli L, Grosso S, Buoni S, Pianigiani R, Balestri P, Sorrentino V: Mutational analysis of the SCN1A, SCN1B and GABRG2 genes in 150 Italian patients with idiopathic childhood epilepsies. Clin Genet. 2009 Jun;75(6):579-81. [Article]
- Livingston JH, Cross JH, Mclellan A, Birch R, Zuberi SM: A novel inherited mutation in the voltage sensor region of SCN1A is associated with Panayiotopoulos syndrome in siblings and generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus. J Child Neurol. 2009 Apr;24(4):503-8. doi: 10.1177/0883073808324537. [Article]
- Depienne C, Trouillard O, Saint-Martin C, Gourfinkel-An I, Bouteiller D, Carpentier W, Keren B, Abert B, Gautier A, Baulac S, Arzimanoglou A, Cazeneuve C, Nabbout R, LeGuern E: Spectrum of SCN1A gene mutations associated with Dravet syndrome: analysis of 333 patients. J Med Genet. 2009 Mar;46(3):183-91. doi: 10.1136/jmg.2008.062323. Epub 2008 Oct 17. [Article]
- Vahedi K, Depienne C, Le Fort D, Riant F, Chaine P, Trouillard O, Gaudric A, Morris MA, Leguern E, Tournier-Lasserve E, Bousser MG: Elicited repetitive daily blindness: a new phenotype associated with hemiplegic migraine and SCN1A mutations. Neurology. 2009 Mar 31;72(13):1178-83. doi: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000345393.53132.8c. [Article]
- Mahoney K, Moore SJ, Buckley D, Alam M, Parfrey P, Penney S, Merner N, Hodgkinson K, Young TL: Variable neurologic phenotype in a GEFS+ family with a novel mutation in SCN1A. Seizure. 2009 Sep;18(7):492-7. doi: 10.1016/j.seizure.2009.04.009. Epub 2009 May 21. [Article]
- Ebrahimi A, Houshmand M, Tonekaboni SH, Fallah Mahboob Passand MS, Zainali S, Moghadasi M: Two novel mutations in SCN1A gene in Iranian patients with epilepsy. Arch Med Res. 2010 Apr;41(3):207-14. doi: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2010.04.007. [Article]
- Liao WP, Shi YW, Long YS, Zeng Y, Li T, Yu MJ, Su T, Deng P, Lei ZG, Xu SJ, Deng WY, Liu XR, Sun WW, Yi YH, Xu ZC, Duan S: Partial epilepsy with antecedent febrile seizures and seizure aggravation by antiepileptic drugs: associated with loss of function of Na(v) 1.1. Epilepsia. 2010 Sep;51(9):1669-78. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2010.02645.x. Epub 2010 Jun 7. [Article]
- Herini ES, Gunadi, Harahap IS, Yusoff S, Morikawa S, Patria SY, Nishimura N, Sunartini, Sutaryo, Takada S, Matsuo M, Nishio H: Generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus (GEFS+) spectrum: clinical manifestations and SCN1A mutations in Indonesian patients. Epilepsy Res. 2010 Jun;90(1-2):132-9. doi: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2010.04.003. Epub 2010 May 10. [Article]
- Nishri D, Blumkin L, Lev D, Leshinsky-Silver E, Abu-Rashid M, Birch R, Zuberi SM, Lerman-Sagie T: Hepatic coma culminating in severe brain damage in a child with a SCN1A mutation. Eur J Paediatr Neurol. 2010 Sep;14(5):456-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2010.03.002. Epub 2010 Apr 13. [Article]
- Arlier Z, Bayri Y, Kolb LE, Erturk O, Ozturk AK, Bayrakli F, Bilguvar K, Moliterno JA, Dervent A, Demirbilek V, Yalcinkaya C, Korkmaz B, Tuysuz B, Gunel M: Four novel SCN1A mutations in Turkish patients with severe myoclonic epilepsy of infancy (SMEI). J Child Neurol. 2010 Oct;25(10):1265-8. doi: 10.1177/0883073809357241. Epub 2010 Jan 28. [Article]
- Nicita F, Spalice A, Papetti L, Ursitti F, Parisi P, Gennaro E, Zara F, Iannetti P: Genotype-phenotype correlations in a group of 15 SCN1A-mutated Italian patients with GEFS+ spectrum (seizures plus, classical and borderline severe myoclonic epilepsy of infancy). J Child Neurol. 2010 Nov;25(11):1369-76. doi: 10.1177/0883073810365737. Epub 2010 Aug 20. [Article]
- Sun H, Zhang Y, Liu X, Ma X, Yang Z, Qin J, Jiang Y, Qi Y, Wu X: Analysis of SCN1A mutation and parental origin in patients with Dravet syndrome. J Hum Genet. 2010 Jul;55(7):421-7. doi: 10.1038/jhg.2010.39. Epub 2010 Apr 30. [Article]
- Heron SE, Scheffer IE, Iona X, Zuberi SM, Birch R, McMahon JM, Bruce CM, Berkovic SF, Mulley JC: De novo SCN1A mutations in Dravet syndrome and related epileptic encephalopathies are largely of paternal origin. J Med Genet. 2010 Feb;47(2):137-41. doi: 10.1136/jmg.2008.065912. Epub 2009 Jul 8. [Article]
- Depienne C, Trouillard O, Gourfinkel-An I, Saint-Martin C, Bouteiller D, Graber D, Barthez-Carpentier MA, Gautier A, Villeneuve N, Dravet C, Livet MO, Rivier-Ringenbach C, Adam C, Dupont S, Baulac S, Heron D, Nabbout R, Leguern E: Mechanisms for variable expressivity of inherited SCN1A mutations causing Dravet syndrome. J Med Genet. 2010 Jun;47(6):404-10. doi: 10.1136/jmg.2009.074328. [Article]
- Li N, Zhang J, Guo JF, Yan XX, Xia K, Tang BS: Novel mutation of SCN1A in familial generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus. Neurosci Lett. 2010 Aug 23;480(3):211-4. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2010.06.040. Epub 2010 Jun 18. [Article]
- Herini ES, Gunadi, van Kempen MJ, Yusoff S, Sutaryo, Sunartini, Patria SY, Matsuo M, Lindhout D, Nishio H: Novel SCN1A mutations in Indonesian patients with severe myoclonic epilepsy in infancy. Pediatr Int. 2010 Apr;52(2):234-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1442-200X.2009.02916.x. Epub 2009 Jun 26. [Article]
- Dimova PS, Yordanova I, Bojinova V, Jordanova A, Kremenski I: Generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus: novel SCN1A mutation. Pediatr Neurol. 2010 Feb;42(2):137-40. doi: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2009.09.007. [Article]
- Volkers L, Kahlig KM, Verbeek NE, Das JH, van Kempen MJ, Stroink H, Augustijn P, van Nieuwenhuizen O, Lindhout D, George AL Jr, Koeleman BP, Rook MB: Nav 1.1 dysfunction in genetic epilepsy with febrile seizures-plus or Dravet syndrome. Eur J Neurosci. 2011 Oct;34(8):1268-75. doi: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2011.07826.x. Epub 2011 Aug 22. [Article]
- Zuberi SM, Brunklaus A, Birch R, Reavey E, Duncan J, Forbes GH: Genotype-phenotype associations in SCN1A-related epilepsies. Neurology. 2011 Feb 15;76(7):594-600. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0b013e31820c309b. Epub 2011 Jan 19. [Article]
- Okumura A, Uematsu M, Imataka G, Tanaka M, Okanishi T, Kubota T, Sudo A, Tohyama J, Tsuji M, Ohmori I, Naiki M, Hiraiwa-Sofue A, Sato H, Saitoh S, Shimizu T: Acute encephalopathy in children with Dravet syndrome. Epilepsia. 2012 Jan;53(1):79-86. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2011.03311.x. Epub 2011 Nov 16. [Article]
- Lemke JR, Riesch E, Scheurenbrand T, Schubach M, Wilhelm C, Steiner I, Hansen J, Courage C, Gallati S, Burki S, Strozzi S, Simonetti BG, Grunt S, Steinlin M, Alber M, Wolff M, Klopstock T, Prott EC, Lorenz R, Spaich C, Rona S, Lakshminarasimhan M, Kroll J, Dorn T, Kramer G, Synofzik M, Becker F, Weber YG, Lerche H, Bohm D, Biskup S: Targeted next generation sequencing as a diagnostic tool in epileptic disorders. Epilepsia. 2012 Aug;53(8):1387-98. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2012.03516.x. Epub 2012 May 21. [Article]
- Wang JW, Shi XY, Kurahashi H, Hwang SK, Ishii A, Higurashi N, Kaneko S, Hirose S: Prevalence of SCN1A mutations in children with suspected Dravet syndrome and intractable childhood epilepsy. Epilepsy Res. 2012 Dec;102(3):195-200. doi: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2012.06.006. Epub 2012 Jul 20. [Article]
Associated Data
- Drug Relations
Drug Drug group Pharmacological action? Type Actions Details Zonisamide approved, investigational yes target inhibitor Details Phenacemide approved yes target inhibitor Details Phenytoin approved, vet_approved yes target inhibitor Details Tetrodotoxin investigational unknown target Details Nitrazepam approved unknown target other/unknown Details Permethrin approved, investigational yes target inhibitor Details Phenazopyridine approved yes target inhibitor Details