Pyrroloquinoline Quinone

Identification

Generic Name
Pyrroloquinoline Quinone
DrugBank Accession Number
DB03205
Background

A pyrrolo-quinoline having two adjacent keto-groups at the 4 and 5 positions and three acidic carboxyl groups. It is a coenzyme of some DEHYDROGENASES. [PubChem]

Type
Small Molecule
Groups
Experimental
Structure
Weight
Average: 330.206
Monoisotopic: 330.012415178
Chemical Formula
C14H6N2O8
Synonyms
Not Available

Pharmacology

Indication

Not Available

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Pharmacodynamics

Not Available

Mechanism of action
TargetActionsOrganism
UQuinohemoprotein ethanol dehydrogenase type-1Not AvailableComamonas testosteroni
UQuinoprotein glucose dehydrogenase BNot AvailableAcinetobacter calcoaceticus
UPyrroloquinoline-quinone synthaseNot AvailableKlebsiella pneumoniae
UQuinoprotein ethanol dehydrogenaseNot AvailablePseudomonas aeruginosa (strain ATCC 15692 / PAO1 / 1C / PRS 101 / LMG 12228)
UQuinohemoprotein alcohol dehydrogenase ADH IIBNot AvailablePseudomonas putida
Absorption

Not Available

Volume of distribution

Not Available

Protein binding

Not Available

Metabolism
Not Available
Route of elimination

Not Available

Half-life

Not Available

Clearance

Not Available

Adverse Effects
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Toxicity

Not Available

Pathways
PathwayCategory
Aromatic L-Aminoacid Decarboxylase DeficiencyDisease
Tyrosine MetabolismMetabolic
Catecholamine BiosynthesisMetabolic
Tyrosinemia Type IDisease
Disulfiram Action PathwayDrug action
AlkaptonuriaDisease
HawkinsinuriaDisease
Tyrosinemia, Transient, of the NewbornDisease
Tyrosine Hydroxylase DeficiencyDisease
Dopamine beta-Hydroxylase DeficiencyDisease
Monoamine Oxidase-A Deficiency (MAO-A)Disease
Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
Not Available

Interactions

Drug Interactions
This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
Not Available
Food Interactions
Not Available

Products

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Mixture Products
NameIngredientsDosageRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
NmnpqqPyrroloquinoline Quinone (10 mg/100mg) + Nicotinamide Mononucleotide (45 mg/100mg)PowderTopicalGolden Life Health Products Limited2020-12-23Not applicableUS flag
Unapproved/Other Products
NameIngredientsDosageRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
NmnpqqPyrroloquinoline Quinone (10 mg/100mg) + Nicotinamide Mononucleotide (45 mg/100mg)PowderTopicalGolden Life Health Products Limited2020-12-23Not applicableUS flag

Categories

Drug Categories
Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
Description
This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as pyrroloquinoline quinones. These are compounds with a structure based on the 2,7,-tricarboxy-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-f ]quinoline-4,5-dione. Pyrroloquinoline Quinones usually bear a carboxylic acid group at the C-2, C-7 and C-9 positions.
Kingdom
Organic compounds
Super Class
Organoheterocyclic compounds
Class
Quinolines and derivatives
Sub Class
Pyrroloquinolines
Direct Parent
Pyrroloquinoline quinones
Alternative Parents
Quinoline carboxylic acids / Tricarboxylic acids and derivatives / Pyridinecarboxylic acids / Indoles and derivatives / Pyrrole 2-carboxylic acids / Aryl ketones / O-quinones / Substituted pyrroles / Vinylogous amides / Heteroaromatic compounds
show 6 more
Substituents
Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound / Aryl ketone / Azacycle / Carboxylic acid / Carboxylic acid derivative / Heteroaromatic compound / Hydrocarbon derivative / Indole or derivatives / Ketone / O-quinone
show 19 more
Molecular Framework
Aromatic heteropolycyclic compounds
External Descriptors
quinone, pyrroloquinoline cofactor, tricarboxylic acid (CHEBI:18315) / Prosthetic group [Fig] (C00113)
Affected organisms
Not Available

Chemical Identifiers

UNII
47819QGH5L
CAS number
72909-34-3
InChI Key
MMXZSJMASHPLLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI
InChI=1S/C14H6N2O8/c17-10-4-2-6(14(23)24)15-8(4)7-3(12(19)20)1-5(13(21)22)16-9(7)11(10)18/h1-2,15H,(H,19,20)(H,21,22)(H,23,24)
IUPAC Name
4,5-dioxo-1H,4H,5H-pyrrolo[2,3-f]quinoline-2,7,9-tricarboxylic acid
SMILES
OC(=O)C1=CC2=C(N1)C1=C(N=C(C=C1C(O)=O)C(O)=O)C(=O)C2=O

References

Synthesis Reference

J. Kempf, Damodara Gopal, Walter Stalzer, "Synthesis of pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ)." U.S. Patent US20070072894, issued March 29, 2007.

US20070072894
General References
Not Available
Human Metabolome Database
HMDB0013636
KEGG Compound
C00113
PubChem Compound
1024
PubChem Substance
46505152
ChemSpider
997
ChEBI
18315
ChEMBL
CHEMBL1235421
ZINC
ZINC000001532545
PDBe Ligand
PQQ
PDB Entries
1c9u / 1cq1 / 1cru / 1flg / 1g72 / 1h4i / 1h4j / 1kb0 / 1kv9 / 1lrw
show 32 more

Clinical Trials

Clinical Trials
PhaseStatusPurposeConditionsCount
0Not Yet RecruitingPreventionObesity, Maternal1

Pharmacoeconomics

Manufacturers
Not Available
Packagers
Not Available
Dosage Forms
FormRouteStrength
PowderTopical
Prices
Not Available
Patents
Not Available

Properties

State
Solid
Experimental Properties
Not Available
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility0.0966 mg/mLALOGPS
logP0.46ALOGPS
logP-1Chemaxon
logS-3.5ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)0.83Chemaxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)5.52Chemaxon
Physiological Charge-3Chemaxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count9Chemaxon
Hydrogen Donor Count4Chemaxon
Polar Surface Area174.72 Å2Chemaxon
Rotatable Bond Count3Chemaxon
Refractivity74.53 m3·mol-1Chemaxon
Polarizability28.91 Å3Chemaxon
Number of Rings3Chemaxon
Bioavailability1Chemaxon
Rule of FiveYesChemaxon
Ghose FilterNoChemaxon
Veber's RuleNoChemaxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemaxon
Predicted ADMET Features
PropertyValueProbability
Human Intestinal Absorption+0.917
Blood Brain Barrier-0.5523
Caco-2 permeable-0.7899
P-glycoprotein substrateNon-substrate0.6068
P-glycoprotein inhibitor INon-inhibitor0.9449
P-glycoprotein inhibitor IINon-inhibitor0.9416
Renal organic cation transporterNon-inhibitor0.9159
CYP450 2C9 substrateNon-substrate0.7947
CYP450 2D6 substrateNon-substrate0.815
CYP450 3A4 substrateNon-substrate0.7006
CYP450 1A2 substrateInhibitor0.786
CYP450 2C9 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.7198
CYP450 2D6 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.82
CYP450 2C19 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.7513
CYP450 3A4 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.9038
CYP450 inhibitory promiscuityLow CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity0.8592
Ames testNon AMES toxic0.7699
CarcinogenicityNon-carcinogens0.9621
BiodegradationNot ready biodegradable0.9412
Rat acute toxicity2.4887 LD50, mol/kg Not applicable
hERG inhibition (predictor I)Weak inhibitor0.9921
hERG inhibition (predictor II)Non-inhibitor0.8806
ADMET data is predicted using admetSAR, a free tool for evaluating chemical ADMET properties. (23092397)

Spectra

Mass Spec (NIST)
Not Available
Spectra
SpectrumSpectrum TypeSplash Key
Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MSPredicted GC-MSsplash10-0rkl-1293000000-f89d3e9669ea62420001
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-03di-0009000000-dad334ceaaa97c0330b9
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-03di-0039000000-0e8ee2b066fca751484f
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0006-0090000000-0dc59a98817f619ab7b7
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-015c-0096000000-8d17b75736cd0d73f3ce
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0006-0090000000-05bebea77271a532f20e
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0006-0090000000-f38e0166e5ed3b576233
Predicted 1H NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
Predicted 13C NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
Chromatographic Properties
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
AdductCCS Value (Å2)Source typeSource
[M-H]-186.8633403
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M-H]-186.7595403
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M-H]-187.0132403
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M-H]-169.01259
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+H]+188.1766403
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+H]+188.2875403
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+H]+188.7660403
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+H]+171.37059
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+Na]+188.2913403
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+Na]+188.2265403
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+Na]+187.7338403
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+Na]+178.33739
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)

Targets

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Kind
Protein
Organism
Comamonas testosteroni
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Oxidoreductase activity, acting on ch-oh group of donors
Specific Function
Catalyzes the dye-linked oxidation of primary alcohols to the corresponding aldehydes and the (subsequent) oxidation of the aldehydes to carboxylic acids.
Gene Name
qheDH
Uniprot ID
Q46444
Uniprot Name
Quinohemoprotein ethanol dehydrogenase type-1
Molecular Weight
76822.435 Da
References
  1. Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [Article]
  2. Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Acinetobacter calcoaceticus
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Quinoprotein glucose dehydrogenase activity
Specific Function
Oxidizes glucose to gluconolactone.
Gene Name
gdhB
Uniprot ID
P13650
Uniprot Name
Quinoprotein glucose dehydrogenase B
Molecular Weight
52772.255 Da
References
  1. Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [Article]
  2. Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Klebsiella pneumoniae
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Pyrroloquinoline-quinone synthase activity
Specific Function
Ring cyclization and eight-electron oxidation of 3a-(2-amino-2-carboxyethyl)-4,5-dioxo-4,5,6,7,8,9-hexahydroquinoline-7,9-dicarboxylic-acid to PQQ.
Gene Name
pqqC
Uniprot ID
P27505
Uniprot Name
Pyrroloquinoline-quinone synthase
Molecular Weight
28985.66 Da
Kind
Protein
Organism
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (strain ATCC 15692 / PAO1 / 1C / PRS 101 / LMG 12228)
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Ethanol:cytochrome c oxidoreductase activity
Specific Function
Catalyzes the oxidation of primary alcohols except for methanol that is a very poor substrate.
Gene Name
exaA
Uniprot ID
Q9Z4J7
Uniprot Name
Quinoprotein ethanol dehydrogenase
Molecular Weight
68122.88 Da
Kind
Protein
Organism
Pseudomonas putida
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Pyrroloquinoline quinone binding
Specific Function
Catalyzes the dye-linked oxidation of primary alcohols to the corresponding aldehydes and the (subsequent) oxidation of the aldehydes to carboxylic acids. Exhibits activity with longer mono-alcohol...
Gene Name
qbdA
Uniprot ID
Q8GR64
Uniprot Name
Quinohemoprotein alcohol dehydrogenase ADH IIB
Molecular Weight
74968.745 Da

Drug created at June 13, 2005 13:24 / Updated at June 12, 2020 16:52