Blinatumomab

DB09052ApprovedInvestigationalProtein Based TherapiesBispecific CD19-directed CD3-directed T Cell Engager

Blinatumomab is an antineoplastic antibody used to treat CD19-positive B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in relapsed and refractory patients, as well as those in first or second complete remission with minimal residual disease (MRD). Blinatumomab is a BiTE-class (bi-specific T-cell engager) constructed monoclonal antibody formed by the recombinant fusion of an anti-CD3 single-chain variable fragment (scFV) and an anti-CD19 scFV through a short peptide linker.

Mechanism: Blinatumomab is a bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) that targets CD19, an antigen expressed on the surface of B-cells, and CD3, an antigen expressed on the surface of T-cells. B-cell malignancies, such as acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), express high levels of CD19, making it a therapeutic target for the treatment of these conditions. Blinatumomab recruits and activates endogenous T-cells by connecting CD3 in the T-cell receptor (TCR) complex with CD19 on both benign and malignant B cells. By bringing T-cells and tumor cells together, blinatumomab induces an immune response that leads to T-cell activation and proliferation. It promotes the release of cytokines such as TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-6, and IL-10 by T-cells, the induction of activation markers, such as CD69 and CD25, and the expression of adhesion molecules on the T-cell surface. Altogether, blinatumomab promotes the lysis of CD19+ tumor cells.
Curator reviewed · 4 references
Primary indication: Blinatumomab is indicated for the treatment of adults and children with relapsed or refractory CD19-positive B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).Curator reviewed · 4 structured indications
Formula / weight: C₂₃₆₇H₃₅₇₇N₆₄₉O₇₇₂S₁₉ · 54100.0 Da
First approval: Canada, 2015 · United States, 2014 · European Union, 2020
Code names: AMG-103 · MEDI-538 · MT-103
Brand names: Blincyto