VPM1002
Identification
- Generic Name
- VPM1002
- DrugBank Accession Number
- DB15801
- Background
The bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine protects against severe extrapulmonary forms of tuberculosis (TB) but does not adequately protect against pulmonary TB -- the most prevalent form of TB. This recombinant BCG, VPM1002, has been created in response and investigated for preventing pulmonary TB in newborns and TB recurrence in adults through post-exposure immunization. Currently, this recombinant vaccine has been found to be more efficacious and safer than BCG in preclinical studies.
VPM1002 is a recombinant BCG vaccine candidate expressing listeriolysin and deficient in urease that is generated in the genetic background of BCG Prague as it has a better safety profile than some other BCG versions due to the lack of the RD2 genome segment. This vaccine’s urease C gene is replaced with the listeriolysin O encoding gene from Listeria monocytogenes. By reducing urease C, phagosome acidification can occur, promoting phagolysosome fusion while also providing the optimal low pH for listeriolysin O stability.
VPM1002 facilitates mycobacterial antigens being released into the cytosol while also triggering autophagy, inflammasome activation, and apoptosis, because of antigens and bacterial DNA being released into the cytosol of the host cell due to Listeriolysin O expression in this vaccine. Mycobacterial antigen accessing the cytosol also improves antigen presentation. The ability for mycobacterial antigens to reach the cytosol is due to this vaccine being engineered to secrete Hly which perforates phagosomal membranes. Because Hly is only active at an acidic pH, similar to listeriolysin O, the deletion of urease C was also beneficial for Hly to have optimal bioactivity in the phagosome. As of August 2020, this vaccine is being tested for prophylaxis against COVID-19 in human clinical trials.
- Type
- Biotech
- Groups
- Investigational
- Biologic Classification
- Vaccines
Recombinant - Synonyms
- BCG VPM1002
- rBCG
- Recombinant BCG Vaccine
- External IDs
- VPM1002
Pharmacology
- Indication
Not Available
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- Pharmacodynamics
Not Available
- Mechanism of action
- Not Available
- Absorption
Not Available
- Volume of distribution
Not Available
- Protein binding
Not Available
- Metabolism
- Not Available
- Route of elimination
Not Available
- Half-life
Not Available
- Clearance
Not Available
- Adverse Effects
- Improve decision support & research outcomesWith structured adverse effects data, including: blackbox warnings, adverse reactions, warning & precautions, & incidence rates. View sample adverse effects data in our new Data Library!Improve decision support & research outcomes with our structured adverse effects data.
- Toxicity
Not Available
- Pathways
- Not Available
- Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
- Not Available
Interactions
- Drug Interactions
- This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.Not Available
- Food Interactions
- Not Available
Categories
- Drug Categories
- Classification
- Not classified
- Affected organisms
- Not Available
Chemical Identifiers
- UNII
- Not Available
- CAS number
- Not Available
References
- General References
- Kaufmann SH, Cotton MF, Eisele B, Gengenbacher M, Grode L, Hesseling AC, Walzl G: The BCG replacement vaccine VPM1002: from drawing board to clinical trial. Expert Rev Vaccines. 2014 May;13(5):619-30. doi: 10.1586/14760584.2014.905746. Epub 2014 Apr 7. [Article]
- Nieuwenhuizen NE, Kulkarni PS, Shaligram U, Cotton MF, Rentsch CA, Eisele B, Grode L, Kaufmann SHE: The Recombinant Bacille Calmette-Guerin Vaccine VPM1002: Ready for Clinical Efficacy Testing. Front Immunol. 2017 Sep 19;8:1147. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01147. eCollection 2017. [Article]
- Grode L, Ganoza CA, Brohm C, Weiner J 3rd, Eisele B, Kaufmann SH: Safety and immunogenicity of the recombinant BCG vaccine VPM1002 in a phase 1 open-label randomized clinical trial. Vaccine. 2013 Feb 18;31(9):1340-8. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.12.053. Epub 2013 Jan 3. [Article]
- External Links
- Not Available
Clinical Trials
- Clinical Trials
Phase Status Purpose Conditions Count 3 Active Not Recruiting Prevention Tuberculosis, Mycobacterium Infection 1 3 Completed Prevention Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID‑19) 1 3 Completed Prevention Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID‑19) / Respiratory Tract Infections (RTI) 1 3 Unknown Status Prevention Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID‑19) / Respiratory Tract Infections (RTI) 1 2 Completed Prevention Tuberculosis (TB) 2
Pharmacoeconomics
- Manufacturers
- Not Available
- Packagers
- Not Available
- Dosage Forms
- Not Available
- Prices
- Not Available
- Patents
- Not Available
Properties
- State
- Not Available
- Experimental Properties
- Not Available
Drug created at September 05, 2020 16:35 / Updated at September 06, 2020 08:29