Phospholipase A2, membrane associated
Details
- Name
- Phospholipase A2, membrane associated
- Kind
- protein
- Synonyms
- 3.1.1.4
- GIIC sPLA2
- Group IIA phospholipase A2
- Non-pancreatic secretory phospholipase A2
- NPS-PLA2
- Phosphatidylcholine 2-acylhydrolase 2A
- PLA2B
- PLA2L
- RASF-A
- Gene Name
- PLA2G2A
- UniProtKB Entry
- P14555Swiss-Prot
- Organism
- Humans
- NCBI Taxonomy ID
- 9606
- Amino acid sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0016509|Phospholipase A2, membrane associated MKTLLLLAVIMIFGLLQAHGNLVNFHRMIKLTTGKEAALSYGFYGCHCGVGGRGSPKDAT DRCCVTHDCCYKRLEKRGCGTKFLSYKFSNSGSRITCAKQDSCRSQLCECDKAAATCFAR NKTTYNKKYQYYSNKHCRGSTPRC
- Number of residues
- 144
- Molecular Weight
- 16082.525
- Theoretical pI
- 9.51
- GO Classification
- Processesarachidonic acid secretion / inflammatory response / intestinal stem cell homeostasis / killing of cells of another organism / negative regulation of T cell proliferation / phosphatidylcholine metabolic process / phosphatidylethanolamine metabolic process / regulation of neutrophil activationComponentsmitochondrial outer membrane / plasma membrane
- General Function
- Secretory calcium-dependent phospholipase A2 that primarily targets extracellular phospholipids with implications in host antimicrobial defense, inflammatory response and tissue regeneration (PubMed:10455175, PubMed:10681567, PubMed:2925633). Hydrolyzes the ester bond of the fatty acyl group attached at sn-2 position of phospholipids (phospholipase A2 activity) with preference for phosphatidylethanolamines and phosphatidylglycerols over phosphatidylcholines (PubMed:10455175, PubMed:10681567). Contributes to lipid remodeling of cellular membranes and generation of lipid mediators involved in pathogen clearance. Displays bactericidal activity against Gram-positive bacteria by directly hydrolyzing phospholipids of the bacterial membrane (PubMed:10358193, PubMed:11694541). Upon sterile inflammation, targets membrane phospholipids of extracellular mitochondria released from activated platelets, generating free unsaturated fatty acids such as arachidonate that is used by neighboring leukocytes to synthesize inflammatory eicosanoids such as leukotrienes. Simultaneously, by compromising mitochondrial membrane integrity, promotes the release in circulation of potent damage-associated molecular pattern molecules that activate the innate immune response (PubMed:25082876). Plays a stem cell regulator role in the intestinal crypt. Within intracellular compartment mediates Paneth cell differentiation and its stem cell supporting functions by inhibiting Wnt signaling pathway in intestinal stem cell (ICS). Secreted in the intestinal lumen upon inflammation, acts in an autocrine way and promotes prostaglandin E2 synthesis that stimulates Wnt signaling pathway in ICS cells and tissue regeneration (By similarity). May play a role in the biosynthesis of N-acyl ethanolamines that regulate energy metabolism and inflammation. Hydrolyzes N-acyl phosphatidylethanolamines to N-acyl lysophosphatidylethanolamines, which are further cleaved by a lysophospholipase D to release N-acyl ethanolamines (PubMed:14998370). Independent of its catalytic activity, acts as a ligand for integrins (PubMed:18635536, PubMed:25398877). Binds to and activates integrins ITGAV:ITGB3, ITGA4:ITGB1 and ITGA5:ITGB1 (PubMed:18635536, PubMed:25398877). Binds to a site (site 2) which is distinct from the classical ligand-binding site (site 1) and induces integrin conformational changes and enhanced ligand binding to site 1 (PubMed:25398877). Induces cell proliferation in an integrin-dependent manner (PubMed:18635536)
- Specific Function
- calcium ion binding
- Pfam Domain Function
- Phospholip_A2_1 (PF00068)
- Signal Regions
- 1-20
- Transmembrane Regions
- Not Available
- Cellular Location
- Secreted
- Gene sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0016510|Phospholipase A2, membrane associated (PLA2G2A) ATGAAGACCCTCCTACTGTTGGCAGTGATCATGATCTTTGGCCTACTGCAGGCCCATGGG AATTTGGTGAATTTCCACAGAATGATCAAGTTGACGACAGGAAAGGAAGCCGCACTCAGT TATGGCTTCTACGGCTGCCACTGTGGCGTGGGTGGCAGAGGATCCCCCAAGGATGCAACG GATCGCTGCTGTGTCACTCATGACTGTTGCTACAAACGTCTGGAGAAACGTGGATGTGGC ACCAAATTTCTGAGCTACAAGTTTAGCAACTCGGGGAGCAGAATCACCTGTGCAAAACAG GACTCCTGCAGAAGTCAACTGTGTGAGTGTGATAAGGCTGCTGCCACCTGTTTTGCTAGA AACAAGACGACCTACAATAAAAAGTACCAGTACTATTCCAATAAACACTGCAGAGGGAGC ACCCCTCGTTGCTGA
- Chromosome Location
- 1
- Locus
- 1p36.13
- External Identifiers
Resource Link UniProtKB ID P14555 UniProtKB Entry Name PA2GA_HUMAN GenBank Protein ID 190889 GenBank Gene ID M22430 GeneCard ID PLA2G2A GenAtlas ID PLA2G2A HGNC ID HGNC:9031 PDB ID(s) 1AYP, 1BBC, 1DB4, 1DB5, 1DCY, 1J1A, 1KQU, 1KVO, 1N28, 1N29, 1POD, 1POE, 3U8B, 3U8D, 3U8H, 3U8I, 5G3N KEGG ID hsa:5320 IUPHAR/Guide To Pharmacology ID 1417 NCBI Gene ID 5320 - General References
- Seilhamer JJ, Pruzanski W, Vadas P, Plant S, Miller JA, Kloss J, Johnson LK: Cloning and recombinant expression of phospholipase A2 present in rheumatoid arthritic synovial fluid. J Biol Chem. 1989 Apr 5;264(10):5335-8. [Article]
- Kramer RM, Hession C, Johansen B, Hayes G, McGray P, Chow EP, Tizard R, Pepinsky RB: Structure and properties of a human non-pancreatic phospholipase A2. J Biol Chem. 1989 Apr 5;264(10):5768-75. [Article]
- Kramer RM, Johansen B, Hession C, Pepinsky RB: Structure and properties of a secretable phospholipase A2 from human platelets. Adv Exp Med Biol. 1990;275:35-53. [Article]
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Associated Data
- Drug Relations