Hydroxypropyl cellulose
Identification
- Summary
Hydroxypropyl cellulose is a cellulose ether used to treat dry eyes.
- Brand Names
- Lacrisert
- Generic Name
- Hydroxypropyl cellulose
- DrugBank Accession Number
- DB00840
- Background
Hydroxypropyl cellulose is an ether of cellulose where some of the hydroxyl groups of the cellulose have been hydroxypropylated forming -OCH2CH(OH)CH3 groups. Lacrisertis a formulation of hydroxypropyl cellulose that is used for artificial tears. It is used to treat syndromes characterized by insufficient tear production (keratoconjunctivitis sicca), recurrent corneal erosions, decreased corneal sensitivity, exposure and neuroparalytic keratitis, and as a lubricant for artificial eyes. As a food additive, hydroxypropyl cellulose is used as a thickener and as an emulsion stabilizer.
- Type
- Small Molecule
- Groups
- Approved
- Synonyms
- Cellulose hydroxypropyl ether
- Cellulose, 2-hydroxypropyl ether
- Hiprolosa
- Hydroxypropyl cellulose
- Hydroxypropyl cellulose (type H)
- Hydroxypropylcellulose
- Hyprolose
- Hyprolosum
- Modified cellulose
- External IDs
- E 463
- E-463
- Ins no.463
- INS-463
Pharmacology
- Indication
Used to relieve dryness and irritation caused by reduced tear flow that occurs in certain eye diseases (keratoconjunctivitis sicca), recurrent corneal erosions, decreased corneal sensitivity, exposure and neuroparalytic keratitis, and as a lubricant for artificial eyes.
Reduce drug development failure ratesBuild, train, & validate machine-learning modelswith evidence-based and structured datasets.Build, train, & validate predictive machine-learning models with structured datasets.- Associated Conditions
- Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
Avoid life-threatening adverse drug eventsImprove clinical decision support with information on contraindications & blackbox warnings, population restrictions, harmful risks, & more.Avoid life-threatening adverse drug events & improve clinical decision support.- Pharmacodynamics
Hydroxypropyl cellulose (cellulose, 2-hydroxypropyl ether) is a derivative of cellulose with both water solubility and organic solubility. Hydroxypropyl cellulose acts to stabilize and thicken the precorneal tear film and prolong the tear film breakup time which is usually accelerated in patients with dry eye states. Hydroxypropyl cellulose also acts to lubricate and protect the eye. Hydroxypropyl cellulose usually reduces the signs and symptoms resulting from moderate to severe dry eye syndromes, such as conjunctival hyperemia, corneal and conjunctival staining with rose bengal, exudation, itching, burning, foreign body sensation, smarting, photophobia, dryness and blurred or cloudy vision. Progressive visual deterioration which occurs in some patients may be retarded, halted, or sometimes reversed.
- Mechanism of action
Hydroxypropyl cellulose is a derivative of cellulose that is soluble in both water and organic solvents. It is particularly good at trapping water and producing a film that serves as a barrier to water loss. Hydroxypropyl cellulose possesses good surface activity but does not gel as it forms open helical coils. In general Hydroxypropyl cellulose is a water-soluble thickener, emulsifier and film-former often used in tablet coating.
- Absorption
Studies conducted in rats fed 14 C-labeled hydroxypropyl cellulose demonstrated that when orally administered, hydroxypropyl cellulose is not absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and is quantitatively excreted in the feces.
- Volume of distribution
Not Available
- Protein binding
None
- Metabolism
Hydroxypropyl cellulose is a physiologically inert substance. In a study of rats fed hydroxypropyl cellulose or unmodified cellulose at levels up to 5% of their diet, it was found that the two were biologically equivalent in that neither was metabolized.
- Route of elimination
Studies conducted in rats fed 14C-labeled hydroxypropyl cellulose demonstrated that when orally administered, hydroxypropyl cellulose is not absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and is quantitatively excreted in the feces.
- Half-life
Not Available
- Clearance
Not Available
- Adverse Effects
Improve decision support & research outcomesWith structured adverse effects data, including: blackbox warnings, adverse reactions, warning & precautions, & incidence rates.Improve decision support & research outcomes with our structured adverse effects data.- Toxicity
LD50=10200 mg/kg (oral, rat)
- Pathways
- Not Available
- Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
- Not Available
Interactions
- Drug Interactions
- This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.No interactions found.
- Food Interactions
- No interactions found.
Products
Drug product information from 10+ global regionsOur datasets provide approved product information including:dosage, form, labeller, route of administration, and marketing period.Access drug product information from over 10 global regions.- International/Other Brands
- A-Gel (Fresenius Kabi)
- Brand Name Prescription Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Lacrisert Insert 5 mg / insert Ophthalmic Bausch Health, Canada Inc. 2004-05-25 Not applicable Canada 
Lacrisert Insert 5 mg/1 Conjunctival Merck Sharp & Dohme Limited 1981-06-01 2009-05-31 US 
Lacrisert Insert 5 mg/1 Ophthalmic Bausch & Lomb Incorporated 1981-06-01 Not applicable US Lacrisert Pellet 5 mg/1 Ophthalmic Aton Pharma, Inc. 1981-06-01 2016-09-21 US
Categories
- Drug Categories
- Classification
- Not classified
- Affected organisms
- Humans and other mammals
Chemical Identifiers
- UNII
- RFW2ET671P
- CAS number
- 9004-64-2
- InChI Key
- Not Available
- InChI
- Not Available
- IUPAC Name
- Not Available
- SMILES
- Not Available
References
- Synthesis Reference
Seiji Orii, Yukio Sasagawa, Akinori Ito, Maruyama, Hiromi, Yoshiteru Sakai, "Process of producing hydroxypropyl cellulose." U.S. Patent US4292426, issued April, 1964.
US4292426- General References
- Wander AH: Long-term use of hydroxypropyl cellulose ophthalmic insert to relieve symptoms of dry eye in a contact lens wearer: case-based experience. Eye Contact Lens. 2011 Jan;37(1):39-44. doi: 10.1097/ICL.0b013e3181f84f92. [Article]
- McDonald M, D'Aversa G, Perry HD, Wittpenn JR, Nelinson DS: Correlating patient-reported response to hydroxypropyl cellulose ophthalmic insert (LACRISERT(R)) therapy with clinical outcomes: tools for predicting response. Curr Eye Res. 2010 Oct;35(10):880-7. doi: 10.3109/02713683.2010.495811. [Article]
- Luchs JI, Nelinson DS, Macy JI: Efficacy of hydroxypropyl cellulose ophthalmic inserts (LACRISERT) in subsets of patients with dry eye syndrome: findings from a patient registry. Cornea. 2010 Dec;29(12):1417-27. doi: 10.1097/ICO.0b013e3181e3f05b. [Article]
- External Links
- KEGG Drug
- D01536
- PubChem Substance
- 46508483
- 27291
- ChEMBL
- CHEMBL1201471
- PharmGKB
- PA164746492
- RxList
- RxList Drug Page
- Drugs.com
- Drugs.com Drug Page
- Wikipedia
- Hydroxypropyl_cellulose
- FDA label
- Download (187 KB)
- MSDS
- Download (73.5 KB)
Clinical Trials
Pharmacoeconomics
- Manufacturers
- Aton pharma inc
- Packagers
- Aton Pharma Inc.
- Medisca Inc.
- Merck & Co.
- Dosage Forms
Form Route Strength Insert Conjunctival 5 mg/1 Insert Ophthalmic 5 mg / insert Insert Ophthalmic 5 mg/1 Pellet Ophthalmic 5 mg/1 - Prices
Unit description Cost Unit Lacrisert 60 5 mg Insert Box 281.99USD box Lacrisert 5 mg eye insert 3.68USD insert Hydroxypropylcellulose powd 0.51USD g DrugBank does not sell nor buy drugs. Pricing information is supplied for informational purposes only.- Patents
- Not Available
Properties
- State
- Solid
- Experimental Properties
- Not Available
- Predicted Properties
- Not Available
- Predicted ADMET Features
- Not Available
Spectra
- Mass Spec (NIST)
- Not Available
- Spectra
- Not Available
Drug created on June 13, 2005 13:24 / Updated on September 19, 2021 19:53