Ginsenoside Rb1

Overview

DrugBank ID
DB06749
Type
Small Molecule
US Approved
NO
Other Approved
NO
Clinical Trials
Phase 0
0
Phase 1
0
Phase 2
0
Phase 3
0
Phase 4
0

Identification

Generic Name
Ginsenoside Rb1
DrugBank Accession Number
DB06749
Background

Ginsenosides are a class of steroid glycosides, and triterpene saponins, found exclusively in the plant genus Panax (ginseng). Ginsenosides have been the target of research, as they are viewed as the active compounds behind the claims of ginseng's efficacy. Because ginsenosides appear to affect multiple pathways, their effects are complex and difficult to isolate. Rb1 appears to be most abundant in Panax quinquefolius (American Ginseng). Rb1 seems to affect the reproductive system in animal testicles. Recent research shows that Rb1 affects rat embryo development and has teratogenic effects, causing birth defects. Another study shows that Rb1 may increase testosterone production in male rats indirectly through the stimulation of the luteinizing hormone.

Type
Small Molecule
Groups
Nutraceutical
Structure
Weight
Average: 1109.307
Monoisotopic: 1108.602939222
Chemical Formula
C54H92O23
Synonyms
  • Arasaponin E1
  • GRb 1
  • Gynosaponin C
  • Gypenoside III
  • Panax saponin E
  • Pseudoginsenoside D
  • Sanchinoside E1

Pharmacology

Indication

Not Available

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Pharmacodynamics

Not Available

Mechanism of action
TargetActionsOrganism
USolute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B3
inhibitor
Humans
Absorption

Not Available

Volume of distribution

Not Available

Protein binding

Not Available

Metabolism
Not Available
Route of elimination

Not Available

Half-life

Not Available

Clearance

Not Available

Adverse Effects
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Toxicity

Not Available

Pathways
Not Available
Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
Not Available

Interactions

Drug Interactions
This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
DrugInteraction
AmbrisentanThe excretion of Ambrisentan can be decreased when combined with Ginsenoside Rb1.
AtogepantThe serum concentration of Atogepant can be increased when it is combined with Ginsenoside Rb1.
AtorvastatinThe excretion of Atorvastatin can be decreased when combined with Ginsenoside Rb1.
Belantamab mafodotinThe excretion of Belantamab mafodotin can be decreased when combined with Ginsenoside Rb1.
Bempedoic acidThe excretion of Bempedoic acid can be decreased when combined with Ginsenoside Rb1.
Food Interactions
Not Available

Categories

Drug Categories
Classification
Not classified
Affected organisms
Not Available

Chemical Identifiers

UNII
7413S0WMH6
CAS number
41753-43-9
InChI Key
GZYPWOGIYAIIPV-JBDTYSNRSA-N
InChI
InChI=1S/C54H92O23/c1-23(2)10-9-14-54(8,77-48-44(69)40(65)37(62)29(74-48)22-70-46-42(67)38(63)34(59)26(19-55)71-46)24-11-16-53(7)33(24)25(58)18-31-51(5)15-13-32(50(3,4)30(51)12-17-52(31,53)6)75-49-45(41(66)36(61)28(21-57)73-49)76-47-43(68)39(64)35(60)27(20-56)72-47/h10,24-49,55-69H,9,11-22H2,1-8H3/t24-,25+,26+,27+,28+,29+,30-,31+,32-,33-,34+,35+,36+,37+,38-,39-,40-,41-,42+,43+,44+,45+,46+,47-,48-,49-,51-,52+,53+,54-/m0/s1
IUPAC Name
(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-{[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-{[(1S,3aR,3bR,5aR,7S,9aR,9bR,11R,11aR)-11-hydroxy-3a,3b,6,6,9a-pentamethyl-1-(6-methyl-2-{[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-({[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}methyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}hept-5-en-2-yl)-hexadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-7-yl]oxy}-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy}-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol
SMILES
[H][C@@]1(CC[C@]2(C)[C@]1([H])[C@H](O)C[C@]1([H])[C@@]3(C)CC[C@H](O[C@@H]4O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]4O[C@@H]4O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]4O)C(C)(C)[C@]3([H])CC[C@@]21C)C(C)(CCC=C(C)C)O[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO[C@@H]2O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O

References

General References
Not Available
PubChem Compound
46937026
PubChem Substance
99443285
ChemSpider
8073937
BindingDB
50317541
ChEBI
67989
ChEMBL
CHEMBL501515

Clinical Trials

Clinical Trials
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Pharmacoeconomics

Manufacturers
Not Available
Packagers
Not Available
Dosage Forms
Not Available
Prices
Not Available
Patents
Not Available

Properties

State
Solid
Experimental Properties
Not Available
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility1.07 mg/mLALOGPS
logP-0.24ALOGPS
logP-1.6Chemaxon
logS-3ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)11.75Chemaxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-3.6Chemaxon
Physiological Charge0Chemaxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count23Chemaxon
Hydrogen Donor Count15Chemaxon
Polar Surface Area377.29 Å2Chemaxon
Rotatable Bond Count16Chemaxon
Refractivity266.89 m3·mol-1Chemaxon
Polarizability119.84 Å3Chemaxon
Number of Rings8Chemaxon
Bioavailability0Chemaxon
Rule of FiveNoChemaxon
Ghose FilterNoChemaxon
Veber's RuleNoChemaxon
MDDR-like RuleYesChemaxon
Predicted ADMET Features
PropertyValueProbability
Human Intestinal Absorption+0.6159
Blood Brain Barrier+0.5773
Caco-2 permeable-0.9066
P-glycoprotein substrateSubstrate0.8843
P-glycoprotein inhibitor IInhibitor0.7261
P-glycoprotein inhibitor IINon-inhibitor0.8102
Renal organic cation transporterNon-inhibitor0.8362
CYP450 2C9 substrateNon-substrate0.8625
CYP450 2D6 substrateNon-substrate0.8748
CYP450 3A4 substrateSubstrate0.7082
CYP450 1A2 substrateNon-inhibitor0.9057
CYP450 2C9 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.8671
CYP450 2D6 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.938
CYP450 2C19 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.9036
CYP450 3A4 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.9502
CYP450 inhibitory promiscuityLow CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity0.9413
Ames testNon AMES toxic0.9373
CarcinogenicityNon-carcinogens0.9607
BiodegradationNot ready biodegradable0.9697
Rat acute toxicity4.0254 LD50, mol/kg Not applicable
hERG inhibition (predictor I)Weak inhibitor0.9348
hERG inhibition (predictor II)Inhibitor0.6172
ADMET data is predicted using admetSAR, a free tool for evaluating chemical ADMET properties. (23092397)

Spectra

Mass Spec (NIST)
Not Available
Spectra
SpectrumSpectrum TypeSplash Key
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-00kb-1200101900-1689443ea91c7c44a989
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0a4i-3900000001-a0b9aabe5e6943014288
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0a6r-4900400302-6ea7a2298374b5ebebbb
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0a4i-9210000001-c52cf5ef1e0761dc37da
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0a4j-5921100604-ef762649f59cebd35b64
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0a4i-9400000014-b07aaf0caee3ecce485f
Chromatographic Properties
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
Not Available

Targets

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Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Inhibitor
General Function
Mediates the Na(+)-independent uptake of organic anions (PubMed:10779507, PubMed:15159445, PubMed:17412826). Shows broad substrate specificity, can transport both organic anions such as bile acid taurocholate (cholyltaurine) and conjugated steroids (17-beta-glucuronosyl estradiol, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), and estrone 3-sulfate), as well as eicosanoid leukotriene C4, prostaglandin E2 and L-thyroxine (T4) (PubMed:10779507, PubMed:11159893, PubMed:12568656, PubMed:15159445, PubMed:17412826, PubMed:19129463). Hydrogencarbonate/HCO3(-) acts as the probable counteranion that exchanges for organic anions (PubMed:19129463). Shows a pH-sensitive substrate specificity towards sulfated steroids, taurocholate and T4 which may be ascribed to the protonation state of the binding site and leads to a stimulation of substrate transport in an acidic microenvironment (PubMed:19129463). Involved in the clearance of bile acids and organic anions from the liver (PubMed:22232210). Can take up bilirubin glucuronides from plasma into the liver, contributing to the detoxification-enhancing liver-blood shuttling loop (PubMed:22232210). Transports coproporphyrin I and III, by-products of heme synthesis, and may be involved in their hepatic disposition (PubMed:26383540). May contribute to regulate the transport of organic compounds in testes across the blood-testis-barrier (Probable). Can transport HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (also known as statins) such as pitavastatin, a clinically important class of hypolipidemic drugs (PubMed:15159445). May play an important role in plasma and tissue distribution of the structurally diverse chemotherapeutic drugs methotrexate and paclitaxel (PubMed:23243220). May also transport antihypertension agents, such as the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor prodrug enalapril, and the highly selective angiotensin II AT1-receptor antagonist valsartan, in the liver (PubMed:16624871, PubMed:16627748)
Specific Function
bile acid transmembrane transporter activity
Gene Name
SLCO1B3
Uniprot ID
Q9NPD5
Uniprot Name
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B3
Molecular Weight
77402.175 Da
References
  1. Jiang R, Dong J, Li X, Du F, Jia W, Xu F, Wang F, Yang J, Niu W, Li C: Molecular mechanisms governing different pharmacokinetics of ginsenosides and potential for ginsenoside-perpetrated herb-drug interactions on OATP1B3. Br J Pharmacol. 2015 Feb;172(4):1059-73. doi: 10.1111/bph.12971. Epub 2015 Jan 20. [Article]

Drug created at September 06, 2010 19:53 / Updated at June 12, 2020 16:52