This drug entry is a stub and has not been fully annotated. It is scheduled to be annotated soon.
Explore a selection of our essential drug information below, or:
Identification
- Generic Name
- Muscimol
- DrugBank Accession Number
- DB12458
- Background
Muscimol has been used in trials studying the treatment of Epilepsy and Parkinson's Disease.
- Type
- Small Molecule
- Groups
- Investigational
- Structure
Structure for Muscimol (DB12458)
- Weight
- Average: 114.1026
Monoisotopic: 114.042927446 - Chemical Formula
- C4H6N2O2
- Synonyms
- 5-(aminomethyl)-3(2H)-isoxazolone
- External IDs
- NSC-333569
Pharmacology
- Indication
Not Available
Reduce drug development failure ratesBuild, train, & validate machine-learning modelswith evidence-based and structured datasets.Build, train, & validate predictive machine-learning models with structured datasets.- Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
Prevent Adverse Drug Events TodayTap into our Clinical API for life-saving information on contraindications & blackbox warnings, population restrictions, harmful risks, & more.Avoid life-threatening adverse drug events with our Clinical API- Pharmacodynamics
Not Available
- Mechanism of action
Target Actions Organism UGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1 Not Available Humans UGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3 Not Available Humans UGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2 Not Available Humans - Absorption
Not Available
- Volume of distribution
Not Available
- Protein binding
Not Available
- Metabolism
- Not Available
- Route of elimination
Not Available
- Half-life
Not Available
- Clearance
Not Available
- Adverse Effects
Improve decision support & research outcomesWith structured adverse effects data, including: blackbox warnings, adverse reactions, warning & precautions, & incidence rates. View sample adverse effects data in our new Data Library!Improve decision support & research outcomes with our structured adverse effects data.- Toxicity
Not Available
- Pathways
- Not Available
- Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
- Not Available
Interactions
- Drug Interactions
- This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.Not Available
- Food Interactions
- Not Available
Products
Drug product information from 10+ global regionsOur datasets provide approved product information including:dosage, form, labeller, route of administration, and marketing period.Access drug product information from over 10 global regions.- Product Ingredients
Ingredient UNII CAS InChI Key Muscimol hydrobromide GZZ5MBX4M3 18174-72-6 OPZOJWHOZRKYQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Categories
- Drug Categories
- Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
- Description
- This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as aralkylamines. These are alkylamines in which the alkyl group is substituted at one carbon atom by an aromatic hydrocarbyl group.
- Kingdom
- Organic compounds
- Super Class
- Organic nitrogen compounds
- Class
- Organonitrogen compounds
- Sub Class
- Amines
- Direct Parent
- Aralkylamines
- Alternative Parents
- Isoxazoles / Heteroaromatic compounds / Lactams / Oxacyclic compounds / Azacyclic compounds / Organopnictogen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Organic oxides / Monoalkylamines / Hydrocarbon derivatives
- Substituents
- Aralkylamine / Aromatic heteromonocyclic compound / Azacycle / Azole / Heteroaromatic compound / Hydrocarbon derivative / Isoxazole / Lactam / Organic oxide / Organic oxygen compound
- Molecular Framework
- Aromatic heteromonocyclic compounds
- External Descriptors
- alkaloid, primary amino compound, isoxazoles (CHEBI:7035) / Alkaloids (C08311)
- Affected organisms
- Not Available
Chemical Identifiers
- UNII
- D5M179TY2E
- CAS number
- 2763-96-4
- InChI Key
- ZJQHPWUVQPJPQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- InChI
- InChI=1S/C4H6N2O2/c5-2-3-1-4(7)6-8-3/h1H,2,5H2,(H,6,7)
- IUPAC Name
- 5-(aminomethyl)-2,3-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-3-one
- SMILES
- NCC1=CC(=O)NO1
References
- General References
- Not Available
- External Links
- KEGG Compound
- C08311
- PubChem Compound
- 4266
- PubChem Substance
- 347828698
- ChemSpider
- 4116
- BindingDB
- 23183
- ChEBI
- 7035
- ChEMBL
- CHEMBL273481
- ZINC
- ZINC000022064260
- Wikipedia
- Muscimol
Clinical Trials
- Clinical Trials
Clinical Trial & Rare Diseases Add-on Data Package
Explore 4,000+ rare diseases, orphan drugs & condition pairs, clinical trial why stopped data, & more. Preview package Phase Status Purpose Conditions Count Start Date Why Stopped 100+ additional columns Unlock 175K+ rows when you subscribe.View sample data1 Terminated Treatment Epilepsy 1 somestatus stop reason just information to hide 1 Withdrawn Treatment Parkinson's Disease (PD) 1 somestatus stop reason just information to hide
Pharmacoeconomics
- Manufacturers
- Not Available
- Packagers
- Not Available
- Dosage Forms
- Not Available
- Prices
- Not Available
- Patents
- Not Available
Properties
- State
- Not Available
- Experimental Properties
- Not Available
- Predicted Properties
Property Value Source Water Solubility 303.0 mg/mL ALOGPS logP -1.6 ALOGPS logP -2.2 Chemaxon logS 0.42 ALOGPS pKa (Strongest Acidic) 5.86 Chemaxon pKa (Strongest Basic) 8.97 Chemaxon Physiological Charge 0 Chemaxon Hydrogen Acceptor Count 3 Chemaxon Hydrogen Donor Count 2 Chemaxon Polar Surface Area 64.35 Å2 Chemaxon Rotatable Bond Count 1 Chemaxon Refractivity 28.1 m3·mol-1 Chemaxon Polarizability 10.4 Å3 Chemaxon Number of Rings 1 Chemaxon Bioavailability 1 Chemaxon Rule of Five Yes Chemaxon Ghose Filter No Chemaxon Veber's Rule No Chemaxon MDDR-like Rule No Chemaxon - Predicted ADMET Features
- Not Available
Spectra
- Mass Spec (NIST)
- Not Available
- Spectra
- Chromatographic Properties
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
Adduct CCS Value (Å2) Source type Source [M-H]- 117.8113155 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M-H]- 117.7654155 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M-H]- 123.13354 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+H]+ 118.5348155 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+H]+ 118.2767155 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+H]+ 125.02894 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+Na]+ 117.9379155 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+Na]+ 117.9033155 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+Na]+ 133.41393 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
Targets
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- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Alpha subunit of the heteropentameric ligand-gated chloride channel gated by Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain (PubMed:23909897, PubMed:25489750, PubMed:29950725, PubMed:30602789). GABA-gated chloride channels, also named GABA(A) receptors (GABAAR), consist of five subunits arranged around a central pore and contain GABA active binding site(s) located at the alpha and beta subunit interface(s) (PubMed:29950725, PubMed:30602789). When activated by GABA, GABAARs selectively allow the flow of chloride anions across the cell membrane down their electrochemical gradient (PubMed:23909897, PubMed:29950725, PubMed:30602789). Alpha-1/GABRA1-containing GABAARs are largely synaptic (By similarity). Chloride influx into the postsynaptic neuron following GABAAR opening decreases the neuron ability to generate a new action potential, thereby reducing nerve transmission (By similarity). GABAARs containing alpha-1 and beta-2 or -3 subunits exhibit synaptogenic activity; the gamma-2 subunit being necessary but not sufficient to induce rapid synaptic contacts formation (PubMed:23909897, PubMed:25489750). GABAARs function also as histamine receptor where histamine binds at the interface of two neighboring beta subunits and potentiates GABA response (By similarity). GABAARs containing alpha, beta and epsilon subunits also permit spontaneous chloride channel activity while preserving the structural information required for GABA-gated openings (By similarity). Alpha-1-mediated plasticity in the orbitofrontal cortex regulates context-dependent action selection (By similarity). Together with rho subunits, may also control neuronal and glial GABAergic transmission in the cerebellum (By similarity)
- Specific Function
- GABA-A receptor activity
- Gene Name
- GABRA1
- Uniprot ID
- P14867
- Uniprot Name
- Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1
- Molecular Weight
- 51801.395 Da
References
- Stewart DS, Savechenkov PY, Dostalova Z, Chiara DC, Ge R, Raines DE, Cohen JB, Forman SA, Bruzik KS, Miller KW: p-(4-Azipentyl)propofol: a potent photoreactive general anesthetic derivative of propofol. J Med Chem. 2011 Dec 8;54(23):8124-35. doi: 10.1021/jm200943f. Epub 2011 Nov 10. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Beta subunit of the heteropentameric ligand-gated chloride channel gated by gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain (PubMed:14993607, PubMed:18514161, PubMed:22243422, PubMed:22303015, PubMed:24909990, PubMed:26950270, PubMed:30602789). GABA-gated chloride channels, also named GABA(A) receptors (GABAAR), consist of five subunits arranged around a central pore and contain GABA active binding site(s) located at the alpha and beta subunit interface(s) (PubMed:24909990, PubMed:30140029, PubMed:30602789). GABAARs containing beta-3/GABRB3 subunit are found at both synaptic and extrasynaptic sites (By similarity). When activated by GABA, GABAARs selectively allow the flow of chloride anions across the cell membrane down their electrochemical gradient (PubMed:14993607, PubMed:22303015, PubMed:26950270, PubMed:30602789). Chloride influx into the postsynaptic neuron following GABAAR opening decreases the neuron ability to generate a new action potential, thereby reducing nerve transmission (PubMed:22303015, PubMed:26950270). GABAARs containing alpha-1 and beta-3 subunits exhibit synaptogenic activity; the gamma-2 subunit being necessary but not sufficient to induce rapid synaptic contacts formation (PubMed:25489750). Extrasynaptic beta-3 receptors contribute to the tonic GABAergic inhibition (By similarity). GABAARs containing alpha-1, beta-3 and epsilon subunits may also permit spontaneous chloride channel activity while preserving the structural information required for GABA-gated openings (By similarity). Beta-containing GABAARs can simultaneously bind GABA and histamine where histamine binds at the interface of two neighboring beta subunits, which may be involved in the regulation of sleep and wakefulness (PubMed:18281286, PubMed:24909990, PubMed:35355020). Plays an important role in somatosensation and in the production of antinociception (By similarity)
- Specific Function
- GABA-A receptor activity
- Gene Name
- GABRB3
- Uniprot ID
- P28472
- Uniprot Name
- Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3
- Molecular Weight
- 54115.04 Da
References
- Stewart DS, Savechenkov PY, Dostalova Z, Chiara DC, Ge R, Raines DE, Cohen JB, Forman SA, Bruzik KS, Miller KW: p-(4-Azipentyl)propofol: a potent photoreactive general anesthetic derivative of propofol. J Med Chem. 2011 Dec 8;54(23):8124-35. doi: 10.1021/jm200943f. Epub 2011 Nov 10. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Gamma subunit of the heteropentameric ligand-gated chloride channel gated by gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain (PubMed:14993607, PubMed:16412217, PubMed:23909897, PubMed:2538761, PubMed:25489750, PubMed:27864268, PubMed:29950725, PubMed:30602789). GABA-gated chloride channels, also named GABA(A) receptors (GABAAR), consist of five subunits arranged around a central pore and contain GABA active binding site(s) located at the alpha and beta subunit interface(s) (PubMed:29950725, PubMed:30602789). When activated by GABA, GABAARs selectively allow the flow of chloride anions across the cell membrane down their electrochemical gradient (PubMed:14993607, PubMed:16412217, PubMed:2538761, PubMed:27864268, PubMed:29950725, PubMed:30602789). Gamma-2/GABRG2-containing GABAARs are found at both synaptic and extrasynaptic sites (By similarity). Chloride influx into the postsynaptic neuron following GABAAR opening decreases the neuron ability to generate a new action potential, thereby reducing nerve transmission (By similarity). GABAARs containing alpha-1 and beta-2 or -3 subunits exhibit synaptogenic activity; the gamma-2 subunit being necessary but not sufficient to induce rapid synaptic contacts formation (PubMed:23909897, PubMed:25489750). Extrasynaptic gamma-2-containing receptors contribute to the tonic GABAergic inhibition (By similarity). GABAARs function also as histamine receptor where histamine binds at the interface of two neighboring beta subunits and potentiates GABA response in a gamma-2 subunit-controlled manner (By similarity)
- Specific Function
- benzodiazepine receptor activity
- Gene Name
- GABRG2
- Uniprot ID
- P18507
- Uniprot Name
- Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2
- Molecular Weight
- 55185.07 Da
References
- Stewart DS, Savechenkov PY, Dostalova Z, Chiara DC, Ge R, Raines DE, Cohen JB, Forman SA, Bruzik KS, Miller KW: p-(4-Azipentyl)propofol: a potent photoreactive general anesthetic derivative of propofol. J Med Chem. 2011 Dec 8;54(23):8124-35. doi: 10.1021/jm200943f. Epub 2011 Nov 10. [Article]
Drug created at October 20, 2016 22:28 / Updated at June 24, 2022 17:03