This drug entry is a stub and has not been fully annotated. It is scheduled to be annotated soon.
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Identification
- Summary
Cloprednol is a glucocorticoid indicated in the treatment of arthritis and asthma.
- Generic Name
- Cloprednol
- DrugBank Accession Number
- DB13843
- Background
Cloprednol is a synthetic glucocorticoid that has been investigated for use in the treatment of asthma. 1,2
- Type
- Small Molecule
- Groups
- Experimental
- Structure
Structure for Cloprednol (DB13843)
- Weight
- Average: 392.88
Monoisotopic: 392.1390516 - Chemical Formula
- C21H25ClO5
- Synonyms
- Cloprednol
- External IDs
- RS-4691
Pharmacology
- Indication
Not Available
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Indication Type Indication Combined Product Details Approval Level Age Group Patient Characteristics Dose Form Treatment of Acute exacerbation of asthma •••••••••••• •••••• Treatment of Severe bronchial asthma •••••••••••• •••••• Treatment of Severe, progressive inflammatory rheumatic diseases of the joint •••••••••••• •••••• - Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
Prevent Adverse Drug Events TodayTap into our Clinical API for life-saving information on contraindications & blackbox warnings, population restrictions, harmful risks, & more.Avoid life-threatening adverse drug events with our Clinical API- Pharmacodynamics
Not Available
- Mechanism of action
- Not Available
- Absorption
Not Available
- Volume of distribution
Not Available
- Protein binding
Not Available
- Metabolism
- Not Available
- Route of elimination
Not Available
- Half-life
Not Available
- Clearance
Not Available
- Adverse Effects
Improve decision support & research outcomesWith structured adverse effects data, including: blackbox warnings, adverse reactions, warning & precautions, & incidence rates. View sample adverse effects data in our new Data Library!Improve decision support & research outcomes with our structured adverse effects data.- Toxicity
Not Available
- Pathways
- Not Available
- Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
- Not Available
Interactions
- Drug Interactions
- This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
Drug Interaction Integrate drug-drug
interactions in your softwareAbatacept The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Abatacept is combined with Cloprednol. Abemaciclib The metabolism of Abemaciclib can be increased when combined with Cloprednol. Acalabrutinib The metabolism of Acalabrutinib can be increased when combined with Cloprednol. Acarbose The risk or severity of hyperglycemia can be increased when Cloprednol is combined with Acarbose. Aceclofenac The risk or severity of gastrointestinal irritation can be increased when Cloprednol is combined with Aceclofenac. - Food Interactions
- Not Available
Products
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Categories
- ATC Codes
- H02AB14 — Cloprednol
- Drug Categories
- Adrenal Cortex Hormones
- Corticosteroids
- Corticosteroids for Systemic Use
- Corticosteroids for Systemic Use, Plain
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A Inducers
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A4 Inducers
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A4 Inducers (strength unknown)
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A5 Inducers
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A5 Inducers (strength unknown)
- Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inducers
- Fused-Ring Compounds
- Glucocorticoids
- Hyperglycemia-Associated Agents
- Immunosuppressive Agents
- Pregnanes
- Pregnenes
- Steroids
- Systemic Hormonal Preparations, Excl. Sex Hormones and Insulins
- Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
- Description
- This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as 21-hydroxysteroids. These are steroids carrying a hydroxyl group at the 21-position of the steroid backbone.
- Kingdom
- Organic compounds
- Super Class
- Lipids and lipid-like molecules
- Class
- Steroids and steroid derivatives
- Sub Class
- Hydroxysteroids
- Direct Parent
- 21-hydroxysteroids
- Alternative Parents
- Gluco/mineralocorticoids, progestogins and derivatives / 20-oxosteroids / 11-beta-hydroxysteroids / 17-hydroxysteroids / 3-oxo delta-1,4-steroids / Halogenated steroids / Delta-1,4-steroids / Tertiary alcohols / Alpha-hydroxy ketones / Cyclic ketones show 8 more
- Substituents
- 11-beta-hydroxysteroid / 11-hydroxysteroid / 17-hydroxysteroid / 20-oxosteroid / 21-hydroxysteroid / 3-oxo-delta-1,4-steroid / 3-oxosteroid / 6-halo-steroid / Alcohol / Aliphatic homopolycyclic compound show 23 more
- Molecular Framework
- Aliphatic homopolycyclic compounds
- External Descriptors
- Not Available
- Affected organisms
- Not Available
Chemical Identifiers
- UNII
- SYP56O3GJG
- CAS number
- 5251-34-3
- InChI Key
- YTJIBEDMAQUYSZ-FDNPDPBUSA-N
- InChI
- InChI=1S/C21H25ClO5/c1-19-5-3-11(24)7-14(19)15(22)8-12-13-4-6-21(27,17(26)10-23)20(13,2)9-16(25)18(12)19/h3,5,7-8,12-13,16,18,23,25,27H,4,6,9-10H2,1-2H3/t12-,13-,16-,18+,19-,20-,21-/m0/s1
- IUPAC Name
- (1S,2R,10S,11S,14R,15S,17S)-8-chloro-14,17-dihydroxy-14-(2-hydroxyacetyl)-2,15-dimethyltetracyclo[8.7.0.0^{2,7}.0^{11,15}]heptadeca-3,6,8-trien-5-one
- SMILES
- [H][C@@]12CC[C@](O)(C(=O)CO)[C@@]1(C)C[C@]([H])(O)[C@@]1([H])[C@@]2([H])C=C(Cl)C2=CC(=O)C=C[C@]12C
References
- General References
- Ortega E, Rodriguez C, Strand LJ, Bessler S, Segre E: Metabolic effects of cloprednol-a new systemic corticosteroid. J Clin Pharmacol. 1976 Feb-Mar;16(2-3):122-8. [Article]
- Ellis EF, Morris HG, Kiechel F 3rd, Pollock JD, Strand LJ: Short-term efficacy and side effects of cloprednol in children with asthma. J Clin Pharmacol. 1979 Oct;19(10):675-83. [Article]
- DIMDI Product Information: Syntestan (cloprednol) tablet [Link]
- External Links
- KEGG Drug
- D03561
- ChemSpider
- 4447592
- 21285
- ChEBI
- 135619
- ChEMBL
- CHEMBL1697832
- ZINC
- ZINC000004215431
- Wikipedia
- Cloprednol
Clinical Trials
- Clinical Trials
Clinical Trial & Rare Diseases Add-on Data Package
Explore 4,000+ rare diseases, orphan drugs & condition pairs, clinical trial why stopped data, & more. Preview package Phase Status Purpose Conditions Count Start Date Why Stopped 100+ additional columns Unlock 175K+ rows when you subscribe.View sample data
Pharmacoeconomics
- Manufacturers
- Not Available
- Packagers
- Not Available
- Dosage Forms
Form Route Strength Tablet 2.5 MG Tablet 5.0 MG - Prices
- Not Available
- Patents
- Not Available
Properties
- State
- Not Available
- Experimental Properties
- Not Available
- Predicted Properties
Property Value Source Water Solubility 0.099 mg/mL ALOGPS logP 1.94 ALOGPS logP 1.15 Chemaxon logS -3.6 ALOGPS pKa (Strongest Acidic) 12.58 Chemaxon pKa (Strongest Basic) -2.9 Chemaxon Physiological Charge 0 Chemaxon Hydrogen Acceptor Count 5 Chemaxon Hydrogen Donor Count 3 Chemaxon Polar Surface Area 94.83 Å2 Chemaxon Rotatable Bond Count 2 Chemaxon Refractivity 104.33 m3·mol-1 Chemaxon Polarizability 40.42 Å3 Chemaxon Number of Rings 4 Chemaxon Bioavailability 1 Chemaxon Rule of Five Yes Chemaxon Ghose Filter Yes Chemaxon Veber's Rule No Chemaxon MDDR-like Rule No Chemaxon - Predicted ADMET Features
- Not Available
Spectra
- Mass Spec (NIST)
- Not Available
- Spectra
Spectrum Spectrum Type Splash Key Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS splash10-056u-0009000000-ac8ab0dbf664fedd356c Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS splash10-03di-0009000000-5fe91e60ea6e31d40c25 Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS splash10-0a6r-0029000000-639394ae6743745eceed Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS splash10-01ox-1009000000-754bdb32ae1189949c02 Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS splash10-001i-8219000000-1f1449cf1b776f6a8830 Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS splash10-05mn-0942000000-ce40fea16695145c3543 Predicted 1H NMR Spectrum 1D NMR Not Applicable Predicted 13C NMR Spectrum 1D NMR Not Applicable - Chromatographic Properties
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
Adduct CCS Value (Å2) Source type Source [M-H]- 189.53972 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+H]+ 191.37999 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+Na]+ 197.7361 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
Enzymes
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inducer
- General Function
- A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of sterols, steroid hormones, retinoids and fatty acids (PubMed:10681376, PubMed:11093772, PubMed:11555828, PubMed:12865317, PubMed:14559847, PubMed:15373842, PubMed:15764715, PubMed:19965576, PubMed:20702771, PubMed:21490593, PubMed:21576599). Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (NADPH--hemoprotein reductase). Catalyzes the hydroxylation of carbon-hydrogen bonds (PubMed:12865317, PubMed:14559847, PubMed:15373842, PubMed:15764715, PubMed:21490593, PubMed:21576599, PubMed:2732228). Exhibits high catalytic activity for the formation of hydroxyestrogens from estrone (E1) and 17beta-estradiol (E2), namely 2-hydroxy E1 and E2, as well as D-ring hydroxylated E1 and E2 at the C-16 position (PubMed:11555828, PubMed:12865317, PubMed:14559847). Plays a role in the metabolism of androgens, particularly in oxidative deactivation of testosterone (PubMed:15373842, PubMed:15764715, PubMed:22773874, PubMed:2732228). Metabolizes testosterone to less biologically active 2beta- and 6beta-hydroxytestosterones (PubMed:15373842, PubMed:15764715, PubMed:2732228). Contributes to the formation of hydroxycholesterols (oxysterols), particularly A-ring hydroxylated cholesterol at the C-4beta position, and side chain hydroxylated cholesterol at the C-25 position, likely contributing to cholesterol degradation and bile acid biosynthesis (PubMed:21576599). Catalyzes bisallylic hydroxylation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (PubMed:9435160). Catalyzes the epoxidation of double bonds of PUFA with a preference for the last double bond (PubMed:19965576). Metabolizes endocannabinoid arachidonoylethanolamide (anandamide) to 8,9-, 11,12-, and 14,15-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid ethanolamides (EpETrE-EAs), potentially modulating endocannabinoid system signaling (PubMed:20702771). Plays a role in the metabolism of retinoids. Displays high catalytic activity for oxidation of all-trans-retinol to all-trans-retinal, a rate-limiting step for the biosynthesis of all-trans-retinoic acid (atRA) (PubMed:10681376). Further metabolizes atRA toward 4-hydroxyretinoate and may play a role in hepatic atRA clearance (PubMed:11093772). Responsible for oxidative metabolism of xenobiotics. Acts as a 2-exo-monooxygenase for plant lipid 1,8-cineole (eucalyptol) (PubMed:11159812). Metabolizes the majority of the administered drugs. Catalyzes sulfoxidation of the anthelmintics albendazole and fenbendazole (PubMed:10759686). Hydroxylates antimalarial drug quinine (PubMed:8968357). Acts as a 1,4-cineole 2-exo-monooxygenase (PubMed:11695850). Also involved in vitamin D catabolism and calcium homeostasis. Catalyzes the inactivation of the active hormone calcitriol (1-alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3)) (PubMed:29461981)
- Specific Function
- 1,8-cineole 2-exo-monooxygenase activity
- Gene Name
- CYP3A4
- Uniprot ID
- P08684
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 3A4
- Molecular Weight
- 57342.67 Da
References
- Dvorak Z, Pavek P: Regulation of drug-metabolizing cytochrome P450 enzymes by glucocorticoids. Drug Metab Rev. 2010 Nov;42(4):621-35. doi: 10.3109/03602532.2010.484462. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inducer
- General Function
- A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of steroid hormones and vitamins (PubMed:10681376, PubMed:11093772, PubMed:12865317, PubMed:2732228). Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (NADPH--hemoprotein reductase). Catalyzes the hydroxylation of carbon-hydrogen bonds (PubMed:10681376, PubMed:11093772, PubMed:12865317, PubMed:2732228). Exhibits high catalytic activity for the formation of catechol estrogens from 17beta-estradiol (E2) and estrone (E1), namely 2-hydroxy E1 and E2 (PubMed:12865317). Catalyzes 6beta-hydroxylation of the steroid hormones testosterone, progesterone, and androstenedione (PubMed:2732228). Catalyzes the oxidative conversion of all-trans-retinol to all-trans-retinal, a rate-limiting step for the biosynthesis of all-trans-retinoic acid (atRA) (PubMed:10681376). Further metabolizes all trans-retinoic acid (atRA) to 4-hydroxyretinoate and may play a role in hepatic atRA clearance (PubMed:11093772). Also involved in the oxidative metabolism of xenobiotics, including calcium channel blocking drug nifedipine and immunosuppressive drug cyclosporine (PubMed:2732228)
- Specific Function
- aromatase activity
- Gene Name
- CYP3A5
- Uniprot ID
- P20815
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 3A5
- Molecular Weight
- 57108.065 Da
References
- Dvorak Z, Pavek P: Regulation of drug-metabolizing cytochrome P450 enzymes by glucocorticoids. Drug Metab Rev. 2010 Nov;42(4):621-35. doi: 10.3109/03602532.2010.484462. [Article]
Drug created at June 23, 2017 20:49 / Updated at May 21, 2021 10:23