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Eplerenone Action Pathway (Old)
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000135Drug actionAldosterone increases sodium reabsorption and potassium excretion by up-regulating the expression of basolateral sodium-potassium ATPases as well as luminal (apical) sodium and potassium channels. … Eplerenone inhibits sodium and water reabsorption as well as potassium excretion by blocking the actions of aldosterone as described above.
Enzymes: Sodium- and chloride-dependent transporter XTRP3, Neutral and basic amino acid transport protein rBATKidney Function
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000483PhysiologicalSodium and chlorine are also reabsorbed in the early distal convoluted tubule. Finally, sodium and water are reabsorbed in the collecting tubules. … The early proximal tubule is where glucose, amino acids, sodium, chlorine, phosphate, bicarbonate, and water are reabsorbed.
Enzymes: Sodium- and chloride-dependent transporter XTRP3, Neutral and basic amino acid transport protein rBATCystinuria
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000723DiseaseThe mutations cause this process to be compromised and allows the amino acids to build up and have a high concentration in urine. This causes crystals to form and become stones as they grow larger. … These stones can become lodged in the bladder or in the kidneys which can cause pain, develop infection and disrupt the passing of urine through the urinary tract if the stones create a blockage there.
Enzymes: Sodium- and chloride-dependent transporter XTRP3, Neutral and basic amino acid transport protein rBATBupivacaine Action Pathway
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000393Drug actionOnce inside the cytoplasm, it is protonated and this protonated form enters and blocks the pore of the voltage-gated sodium channel from the cytoplasmic side. … Bupivacaine exerts its local anaesthetic effect by blocking voltage-gated sodium channels in peripheral neurons. Bupivacaine diffuses across the neuronal plasma membrane in its uncharged base form.
Enzymes: Sodium channel subunit beta-1, Sodium-dependent serotonin transporterChloroprocaine Action Pathway
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000394Drug actionOnce inside the cytoplasm, it is protonated and this protonated form enters and blocks the pore of the voltage-gated sodium channel from the cytoplasmic side. … Chloroprocaine exerts its local anaesthetic effect by blocking voltage-gated sodium channels in peripheral neurons.
Enzymes: Sodium channel subunit beta-1, Sodium-dependent serotonin transporterProparacaine Action Pathway
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000403Drug actionOnce inside the cytoplasm, it is protonated and this protonated form enters and blocks the pore of the voltage-gated sodium channel from the cytoplasmic side. … Proparacaine exerts its local anaesthetic effect by blocking voltage-gated sodium channels in peripheral neurons. Proparacaine diffuses across the neuronal plasma membrane in its uncharged base form.
Enzymes: Sodium channel subunit beta-1, Sodium-dependent serotonin transporterCodeine Action Pathway
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000405Drug actionOpiate receptors are coupled with G-protein receptors and function as both positive and negative regulators of synaptic transmission via G-proteins that activate effector proteins. … This results in hyperpolarization and reduced neuronal excitability.
Enzymes: Sodium channel subunit beta-1, Sodium-dependent serotonin transporterOxymorphone Action Pathway
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000412Drug actionThe binding of oxymorphone will eventually lead to reduced pain because of decreased nerve conduction and release of neurotransmitter. … Hyperpolarization of neuron is caused by inactivation of calcium channels and activation of potassium channels via facilitated by G-protein.
Enzymes: Sodium channel subunit beta-1, Sodium-dependent serotonin transporterCarfentanil Action Pathway
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000414Drug actionThe binding of carfentanil will eventually lead to reduced pain because of decreased nerve conduction and release of neurotransmitter. … Hyperpolarization of neuron is caused by inactivation of calcium channels and activation of potassium channels via facilitated by G-protein.
Enzymes: Sodium channel subunit beta-1, Sodium-dependent serotonin transporterRemifentanil Action Pathway
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000416Drug actionand decrease in cAMP production. … Analgesia, anesthesia, and respiratory depression are a function of remifentanial’s action on these mu-type opioid receptors.
Enzymes: Sodium channel subunit beta-1, Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter