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Metabolism and Physiological Effects of N-Acetylvaline
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0126701MetabolicIn addition to the NAT enzymes and protein-based acetylation, N-acetylation of free valine can also occur. … N-acetyltransferase (NAT) is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of acetyl groups from acetyl-CoA to arylamines, arylhydroxylamines and arylhydrazines.
Drugs: ValineMetabolism and Physiological Effects of N-Acetylmethionine
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0126707MetabolicIn addition to the NAT enzymes and protein-based acetylation, N-acetylation of free methionine can also occur. … The human NatA complex co-translationally acetylates N-termini that bear a small amino acid (A, S, T, C, and occasionally V and G).
Metabolism and Physiological Effects of N-Acetylhistidine
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0126711MetabolicIn addition to the NAT enzymes and protein-based acetylation, N-acetylation of free histidine can also occur. … The human NatA complex co-translationally acetylates N-termini that bear a small amino acid (A, S, T, C, and occasionally V and G).
Drugs: HistidineMetabolism and Physiological Effects of Beta-Alanine
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0126732MetabolicThe associated inhibition of GABA transaminase and displacement of GABA from CNS binding sites can also lead to GABAuria (high levels of GABA in the urine) and convulsions. … Cellular taurine depletion is known to reduce respiratory function and elevate mitochondrial superoxide generation, which damages mitochondria and increases oxidative stress.
Metabolism and Physiological Effects of Indolelactic Acid
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0126749MetabolicTryptophan is metabolized by two major pathways in humans, either through kynurenine or via a series of indoles, and some of its metabolites are known to be biologically active. … The first step is an aminotransferase reaction, probably catalysed by aromatic amino acid aminotransferase (Aat).
Metabolism and Physiological Effects of 1-Methylhistidine
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0126760MetabolicOther proteins that are known to have 1MH modifications include myosin and myosin kinase. … SETD3-mediated histidine methylation appears to occur in all higher eukaryotes with actin, from plants to insects to vertebrates. Within cells, SETD3 is found in the cytoplasm and nucleus.
Metabolism and Physiological Effects of Vanillic Acid
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0126881MetabolicIt is the intermediate product in the two-step bioconversion of ferulic acid to vanillin (J Biotechnol 1996;50(2-3):107-13). … Vanillin is toxic to the cells and hence it is subject to catabolism caused by the oxidative activity of this protein. This is undesired from the production point of view of this important compound.
Intracellular Signalling Through Adenosine Receptor A2a and Adenosine
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000320SignalingThe A2A receptor is also expressed in the brain, where it has important roles in the regulation of glutamate and dopamine release. … downstream effectors that lead to a specific cellular response.
Drugs: ATP · Adenosine · Magnesium cation · Zinc · Cyclic adenosine monophosphate · Pyrophosphoric acidIntracellular Signalling Through Histamine H2 Receptor and Histamine
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000335SignalingHistamine is an organic nitrogenous compound that is involved in local immune responses and it is a neurotransmitter for brain. … Histamine can mediate various actions by interacting with histamine receptors (H1, H2, H3 and H4).
Metabolism and Physiological Effects of Indoxyl glucoside (indican)
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0124742MetabolicIt is also shown to cause vascular calcification and disrupt the electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation causing muscle atrophy. … Indican is then excreted into the urine and from there into the diaper where, upon exposure to air, it is converted to indigo blue dye due to oxidation by atmospheric oxygen.