Identification
- Summary
Nitrogen is a cryogenic agent used to treat various benign and malignant skin lesions.
- Brand Names
- Nitrogen NF
- Generic Name
- Nitrogen
- DrugBank Accession Number
- DB09152
- Background
Nitrogen is a chemical element with symbol N and atomic number 7. At room temperature, it is a transparent, odorless diatomic gas. Liquid nitrogen is used principally in cryotherapy for removal of diseased skin. Liquid nitrogen helps in removal of skin lesions through necrosis, which results from the freezing and thawing of cells. Cryotherapy usually done in doctors' office. Also, nitrogen is very famous component in fertilizers and energy-stores.
- Type
- Small Molecule
- Groups
- Approved, Vet approved
- Structure
Structure for Nitrogen (DB09152)
- Weight
- Average: 28.0134
Monoisotopic: 28.00614801 - Chemical Formula
- N2
- Synonyms
- Not Available
- External IDs
- E-941
- INS NO.941
- INS-941
Pharmacology
- Indication
Liquid nitrogen is used mainly as a cryogenic agent for the treatment of various benign and malignant skin lesions.
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- Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
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Not Available
- Mechanism of action
In cryotherapy, mechanism of action could be classified into three stages: 1. heat transfer, 2. cell injury and 3. inflammation. Boiling point of liquid nitrogen is -196°C, which is the responsible for creating the initial stage which is heat transfer. The second stage is cell injury which is induced during thawing conditions of the cells. The last step in the cryotherapy is the inflammation stage which is characterized by edema and erythema. Inflammation occurs as a result of cellular death and it helps in local cell destruction.
- Absorption
For local use only, no systemic absorption.
- Volume of distribution
For local use only.
- Protein binding
for local use only, not bound to protein.
- Metabolism
For local use only.
- Route of elimination
For local use only.
- Half-life
For local use only.
- Clearance
For local use only.
- Adverse Effects
Improve decision support & research outcomesWith structured adverse effects data, including: blackbox warnings, adverse reactions, warning & precautions, & incidence rates.Improve decision support & research outcomes with our structured adverse effects data.- Toxicity
Liquid nitrogen: Serious adverse effects include hemorrhage, infection, and excessive granulation tissue formation. Alopecia, atrophy, keloids, scarring, hypopigmentation, and ectropion formation are among permanent complications of cryotherapy.
- Pathways
- Not Available
- Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
- Not Available
Interactions
- Drug Interactions
- This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.Not Available
- Food Interactions
- No interactions found.
Products
Drug product information from 10+ global regionsOur datasets provide approved product information including:dosage, form, labeller, route of administration, and marketing period.Access drug product information from over 10 global regions.- Brand Name Prescription Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Gaseous Nitrogen 99.0% Gas 99.0 % Respiratory (inhalation) Air Products Canada Ltd/LtÉe. 1983-12-31 Not applicable Canada 
Liquid Nitrogen Liquid 99.5 % Topical Northside Development Corporation 2012-10-23 2021-03-31 Canada Liquid Nitrogen Liquid 100 % Topical N Two Medical Inc 2011-09-13 Not applicable Canada Liquid Nitrogen Nf Liquid 100 % Topical Vitalaire Canada Inc 2008-01-21 Not applicable Canada Liquid Nitrogen Nf Liquid 100 % Topical Cryogen Nitrogen Deliveries Limited 2015-10-20 Not applicable Canada Nitrogen Gas 990 mL/1L Respiratory (inhalation) Praxair, Puerto Rico Inc 2005-10-01 Not applicable US 
Nitrogen Liquid 990 L/1L Respiratory (inhalation) Haun Welding Supply, Inc. 1990-01-01 Not applicable US Nitrogen Gas 99 L/100L Respiratory (inhalation) Maine Oxy-Acetylene Supply Company 1936-01-01 1936-01-02 US Nitrogen Gas 990 mL/1L Respiratory (inhalation) Toll Company 2021-12-17 Not applicable US Nitrogen Gas 995 mL/1L Respiratory (inhalation) Messer Gas Puerto Rico, Inc 1960-01-01 Not applicable US - Mixture Products
Name Ingredients Dosage Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Carbon Dioxide Mixture Nitrogen (65 %) + Carbon dioxide (12 %) + Oxygen (23 %) Gas Respiratory (inhalation) Liquid Carbonic Inc. 1990-12-31 1998-06-09 Canada Carbon Monox, Helium, Oxygen, Nitrogen L.D.M. Nitrogen (67.7 %) + Carbon monoxide (0.3 %) + Helium (10.5 %) + Oxygen (21.5 %) Gas Respiratory (inhalation) Praxair, Inc. 1993-12-31 Not applicable Canada Co-HE-O2-N2 Mixture Nitrogen (68.7 %) + Carbon monoxide (0.3 %) + Helium (10.0 %) + Oxygen (21.0 %) Gas Respiratory (inhalation) Messer Canada Inc. 1995-12-31 Not applicable Canada Co-NE-O2-N2 Mixture Nitrogen (78.2 % v/v) + Carbon monoxide (0.3 % v/v) + Neon (0.5 % v/v) + Oxygen (21 % v/v) Gas Respiratory (inhalation) Messer Canada Inc. 1995-12-31 Not applicable Canada Helium Oxygen Nitrogen mixture Nitrogen (300 mL/1L) + Helium (200 mL/1L) + Oxygen (500 mL/1L) Gas Respiratory (inhalation) Praxair Distribution, Inc. 2005-10-01 Not applicable US Lung Diffusion Test Mix No Ne Co Nitrogen (78.2 %) + Carbon monoxide (0.3 %) + Neon (0.5 %) + Oxygen (21 %) Gas Respiratory (inhalation) Praxair, Inc. 1968-12-31 Not applicable Canada Lung Diffusion Test Mix Nohco Nitrogen (68.7 %) + Carbon monoxide (.3 %) + Helium (10 %) + Oxygen (21 %) Gas Respiratory (inhalation) Liquid Carbonic Inc. 1968-12-31 1998-06-09 Canada Lung Diffusion Test Mixture Nitrogen (68.7 %) + Carbon dioxide (.3 %) + Helium (10 %) + Oxygen (21 %) Gas Respiratory (inhalation) Matheson Gas Products Canada Inc. 1961-12-31 1997-12-24 Canada Lung Diffusion Test Mixture Nitrogen (81.7 %) + Acetylene (.6 %) + Carbon monoxide (1.5 %) + Neon (1 %) + Oxygen (23 %) Gas Respiratory (inhalation) Matheson Gas Products Canada Inc. 1982-12-31 1997-12-24 Canada Lung Diffusion Test Mixture Nitrogen (74 %) + Carbon monoxide (.5 %) + Helium (15 %) + Oxygen (23 %) Gas Respiratory (inhalation) Matheson Gas Products Canada Inc. 1982-12-31 1997-12-24 Canada - Unapproved/Other Products
Name Ingredients Dosage Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Air Nitrogen (77 L/100L) + Oxygen (23 L/100L) Gas Respiratory (inhalation) Air Liquide Canada Inc. 1960-01-01 Not applicable US Air Nitrogen (99 L/100L) + Oxygen (99 L/100L) Gas Respiratory (inhalation) Air Liquide Canada Inc. 1960-01-01 2010-06-15 US Compressed Gas N.O.S. Nitrogen (75.05 mL/1L) + Carbon dioxide (5 mL/1L) + Oxygen (19.95 mL/1L) Gas Respiratory (inhalation) Medical-Technical Gases, Inc. 2012-05-29 Not applicable US Helium Oxygen Nitrogen mixture Nitrogen (300 mL/1L) + Helium (200 mL/1L) + Oxygen (500 mL/1L) Gas Respiratory (inhalation) Praxair Distribution Southest Llc 2005-10-01 Not applicable US Hyperbaric Chamber Mix Nitrogen (500 mL/1L) + Oxygen (500 mL/1L) Gas Respiratory (inhalation) Spec Connection International Inc 2013-01-01 Not applicable US Medical Air Compressed Nitrogen (790 mL/1L) + Oxygen (210 mL/1L) Gas Respiratory (inhalation) Monroe Welding Supply, Inc. 2010-08-22 Not applicable US Nitric Oxide Nitrogen Mix Nitrogen (955 mL/1L) + Nitric Oxide (5 mL/1L) Gas Respiratory (inhalation) Airgas Specialty Gases 2010-05-01 Not applicable US Nitrogen Nitrogen (99 L/100L) Gas Respiratory (inhalation) Boggs Gases Div. Boggs Fire Equipment 2000-01-10 Not applicable US Nitrogen Nitrogen (99 L/100L) Gas Respiratory (inhalation) Welder Services Of Fort Wayne, Inc. 1974-01-01 2016-07-05 US Nitrogen Nitrogen (99 L/100L) Gas Respiratory (inhalation) Acetylene Oxygen Company 1936-01-01 Not applicable US
Categories
- ATC Codes
- V03AN04 — Nitrogen
- Drug Categories
- Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
- Description
- This compound belongs to the class of inorganic compounds known as other non-metal nitrides. These are inorganic compounds of nitrogen where nitrogen has a formal oxidation state of -3, and the heaviest atom bonded to it belongs to the class of 'other non-metals'.
- Kingdom
- Inorganic compounds
- Super Class
- Homogeneous non-metal compounds
- Class
- Other non-metal organides
- Sub Class
- Other non-metal nitrides
- Direct Parent
- Other non-metal nitrides
- Alternative Parents
- Inorganic nitrides
- Substituents
- Inorganic nitride / Other non-metal nitride
- Molecular Framework
- Not Available
- External Descriptors
- diatomic nitrogen, elemental molecule (CHEBI:17997) / a non-metabolic compound (NITROGEN-MOLECULE)
- Affected organisms
- Humans and other mammals
Chemical Identifiers
- UNII
- N762921K75
- CAS number
- 7727-37-9
- InChI Key
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- InChI
- InChI=1S/N2/c1-2
- IUPAC Name
- dinitrogen
- SMILES
- N#N
References
- General References
- Goldberg LH, Kaplan B, Vergilis-Kalner I, Landau J: Liquid nitrogen: temperature control in the treatment of actinic keratosis. Dermatol Surg. 2010 Dec;36(12):1956-61. doi: 10.1111/j.1524-4725.2010.01804.x. Epub 2010 Nov 11. [Article]
- Bruggink SC, Gussekloo J, Berger MY, Zaaijer K, Assendelft WJ, de Waal MW, Bavinck JN, Koes BW, Eekhof JA: Cryotherapy with liquid nitrogen versus topical salicylic acid application for cutaneous warts in primary care: randomized controlled trial. CMAJ. 2010 Oct 19;182(15):1624-30. doi: 10.1503/cmaj.092194. Epub 2010 Sep 13. [Article]
- Kumar AA: Liquid nitrogen cryotherapy in the treatment of benign skin lesions. J Fam Pract. 1975 Jun;2(3):221-4. [Article]
- DailyMed: Unapproved label for liquid nitrogen, refrigerated [Link]
- FDA Compliance Program Guidance Manual: Compressed Medical Gases [Link]
- ATSDR: Medical Management Guidelines for Nitrogen Oxides [Link]
- External Links
- PDB Entries
- 1mae / 1maf / 2nnc / 2z18 / 3qc5 / 3qc6 / 3wa3 / 6ug0
Clinical Trials
- Clinical Trials
Phase Status Purpose Conditions Count 4 Completed Diagnostic Cancer / Pain 1 4 Completed Treatment Liver Biopsy 1 4 Completed Treatment Neoplasms, Gastrointestinal / Postoperative Complications 1 4 Terminated Supportive Care Critically Ill Patients 1 4 Terminated Treatment Plantar Warts 1 4 Withdrawn Treatment Persistent Fetal Circulation Syndrome / Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of Newborn (PPHN) 1 3 Completed Prevention Colorectal Cancer 1 3 Completed Treatment Actinic Keratosis (AK) 1 3 Completed Treatment Chronic Lung Disease of Prematurity 1 3 Terminated Treatment Anoxemia / Respiratory Insufficiency 1
Pharmacoeconomics
- Manufacturers
- Not Available
- Packagers
- Not Available
- Dosage Forms
Form Route Strength Gas Respiratory (inhalation) Gas Respiratory (inhalation) 99.0 % Liquid Topical 99.5 % Liquid Topical 100 % Gas Cutaneous 99.5 % Gas Cutaneous; Respiratory (inhalation) 99 L/100L Gas Endosinusial 995 mL/1L Gas Respiratory (inhalation) 90 L/100L Gas Respiratory (inhalation) 900 mL/1L Gas Respiratory (inhalation) 99 L/1L Gas Respiratory (inhalation) 99 L/100L Gas Respiratory (inhalation) 99 mL/1L Gas Respiratory (inhalation) 99 mL/100mL Gas Respiratory (inhalation) 99.1 L/100L Gas Respiratory (inhalation) 99.1 L/1L Gas Respiratory (inhalation) 99.5 L/100L Gas Respiratory (inhalation) 99.5 L/1L Gas Respiratory (inhalation) 99.9 L/100L Gas Respiratory (inhalation) 99.9 L/1L Gas Respiratory (inhalation) 990 mL/1L Gas Respiratory (inhalation) 990 L/1L Gas Respiratory (inhalation) 991 mL/1L Gas Respiratory (inhalation) 992 mL/1L Gas Respiratory (inhalation) 992 L/1000L Gas Respiratory (inhalation) 995 mL/1L Gas Respiratory (inhalation) 999 L/1000L Gas Respiratory (inhalation) 999 mL/1L Liquid Respiratory (inhalation) 99 L/100L Liquid Respiratory (inhalation) 990 L/1L Liquid Respiratory (inhalation) 990 mL/1L Liquid Respiratory (inhalation) 997 mL/1L Liquid Topical 99 L/100L Gas Respiratory (inhalation) 100 % Liquid Respiratory (inhalation) 999 L/1000L Gas 99 % Liquid Topical 99 % Gas Respiratory (inhalation) 99 % Gas Respiratory (inhalation) 99 % v/v Gas Respiratory (inhalation) 99.5 % Liquid Cutaneous 992 mL/1L Liquid Respiratory (inhalation) 1 L/1L Emulsion Parenteral - Prices
- Not Available
- Patents
- Not Available
Properties
- State
- Solid
- Experimental Properties
- Not Available
- Predicted Properties
Property Value Source logP 0.31 Chemaxon Physiological Charge 0 Chemaxon Hydrogen Acceptor Count 2 Chemaxon Hydrogen Donor Count 0 Chemaxon Polar Surface Area 47.58 Å2 Chemaxon Rotatable Bond Count 0 Chemaxon Refractivity 26.23 m3·mol-1 Chemaxon Polarizability 1.77 Å3 Chemaxon Number of Rings 0 Chemaxon Bioavailability 1 Chemaxon Rule of Five Yes Chemaxon Ghose Filter No Chemaxon Veber's Rule No Chemaxon MDDR-like Rule No Chemaxon - Predicted ADMET Features
- Not Available
Spectra
- Mass Spec (NIST)
- Not Available
- Spectra
Drug created at October 01, 2015 19:51 / Updated at September 25, 2023 04:25