Grapefruit
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Identification
- Summary
Grapefruit is an extract from Grapefruit used in allergy testing.
- Generic Name
- Grapefruit
- DrugBank Accession Number
- DB10534
- Background
Grapefruit allergenic extract is used in allergenic testing.
- Type
- Biotech
- Groups
- Approved
- Biologic Classification
- Allergenics
Allergen Extract - Synonyms
- Citrus X paradisi fruit
Pharmacology
- Indication
Not Available
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- Pharmacodynamics
Not Available
- Mechanism of action
- Not Available
- Absorption
Not Available
- Volume of distribution
Not Available
- Protein binding
Not Available
- Metabolism
- Not Available
- Route of elimination
Not Available
- Half-life
Not Available
- Clearance
Not Available
- Adverse Effects
- Improve decision support & research outcomesWith structured adverse effects data, including: blackbox warnings, adverse reactions, warning & precautions, & incidence rates. View sample adverse effects data in our new Data Library!Improve decision support & research outcomes with our structured adverse effects data.
- Toxicity
Not Available
- Pathways
- Not Available
- Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
- Not Available
Interactions
- Drug Interactions
- This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
Drug Interaction Integrate drug-drug
interactions in your softwareAbemaciclib The serum concentration of Abemaciclib can be increased when it is combined with Grapefruit. Acalabrutinib The serum concentration of Acalabrutinib can be increased when it is combined with Grapefruit. Acenocoumarol The serum concentration of Acenocoumarol can be increased when it is combined with Grapefruit. Albendazole The metabolism of Albendazole can be decreased when combined with Grapefruit. Alectinib The serum concentration of Alectinib can be increased when it is combined with Grapefruit. - Food Interactions
- Not Available
Products
- Drug product information from 10+ global regionsOur datasets provide approved product information including:dosage, form, labeller, route of administration, and marketing period.Access drug product information from over 10 global regions.
- Brand Name Prescription Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Grapefruit Injection, solution 0.05 g/1mL Intradermal; Subcutaneous Nelco Laboratories, Inc. 1972-08-29 Not applicable US Grapefruit Injection, solution 0.05 g/1mL Intradermal; Subcutaneous Antigen Laboratories, Inc. 1974-03-23 Not applicable US Grapefruit Injection, solution 0.10 g/1mL Percutaneous ALK-Abello, Inc. 1965-01-01 Not applicable US Grapefruit Injection, solution 0.1 g/1mL Intradermal; Subcutaneous Nelco Laboratories, Inc. 1972-08-29 Not applicable US Grapefruit Injection, solution 0.1 g/1mL Intradermal; Subcutaneous Nelco Laboratories, Inc. 1972-08-29 Not applicable US - Over the Counter Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Hand Sanitizer Spray 0.3 mg/0.3mL Topical Sanchez, S.a. De C.v. 2020-03-30 Not applicable US - Mixture Products
Name Ingredients Dosage Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Cellskin Clean Pine Mist Grapefruit (0.05 g/100mL) + Eucalyptus oil (0.01 g/100mL) + Tea tree oil (0.01 g/100mL) Spray Topical Gtg Wellness Co., Ltd. 2020-07-01 Not applicable US - Unapproved/Other Products
Name Ingredients Dosage Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Cellskin Clean Pine Mist Grapefruit (0.05 g/100mL) + Eucalyptus oil (0.01 g/100mL) + Tea tree oil (0.01 g/100mL) Spray Topical Gtg Wellness Co., Ltd. 2020-07-01 Not applicable US Hand Sanitizer Grapefruit (0.3 mg/0.3mL) Spray Topical Sanchez, S.a. De C.v. 2020-03-30 Not applicable US
Categories
- Drug Categories
- Classification
- Not classified
- Affected organisms
- Not Available
Chemical Identifiers
- UNII
- O82C39RR8C
- CAS number
- Not Available
References
- General References
- Not Available
- External Links
- PubChem Substance
- 347910694
- 899424
- Wikipedia
- Grapefruit
Clinical Trials
- Clinical Trials
Clinical Trial & Rare Diseases Add-on Data Package
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Pharmacoeconomics
- Manufacturers
- Not Available
- Packagers
- Not Available
- Dosage Forms
Form Route Strength Spray Topical Injection, solution Intradermal; Subcutaneous 0.05 g/1mL Injection, solution Intradermal; Subcutaneous 0.1 g/1mL Injection, solution Intradermal; Subcutaneous 1 mL/1mL Injection, solution Percutaneous 0.10 g/1mL Injection, solution Percutaneous; Subcutaneous 1 g/20mL Solution Intradermal; Percutaneous; Subcutaneous 0.025 g/1mL Spray Topical 0.3 mg/0.3mL - Prices
- Not Available
- Patents
- Not Available
Properties
- State
- Not Available
- Experimental Properties
- Not Available
Enzymes
1. DetailsCytochrome P450 3A4
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of sterols, steroid hormones, retinoids and fatty acids (PubMed:10681376, PubMed:11093772, PubMed:11555828, PubMed:12865317, PubMed:14559847, PubMed:15373842, PubMed:15764715, PubMed:19965576, PubMed:20702771, PubMed:21490593, PubMed:21576599). Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (NADPH--hemoprotein reductase). Catalyzes the hydroxylation of carbon-hydrogen bonds (PubMed:12865317, PubMed:14559847, PubMed:15373842, PubMed:15764715, PubMed:21490593, PubMed:21576599, PubMed:2732228). Exhibits high catalytic activity for the formation of hydroxyestrogens from estrone (E1) and 17beta-estradiol (E2), namely 2-hydroxy E1 and E2, as well as D-ring hydroxylated E1 and E2 at the C-16 position (PubMed:11555828, PubMed:12865317, PubMed:14559847). Plays a role in the metabolism of androgens, particularly in oxidative deactivation of testosterone (PubMed:15373842, PubMed:15764715, PubMed:22773874, PubMed:2732228). Metabolizes testosterone to less biologically active 2beta- and 6beta-hydroxytestosterones (PubMed:15373842, PubMed:15764715, PubMed:2732228). Contributes to the formation of hydroxycholesterols (oxysterols), particularly A-ring hydroxylated cholesterol at the C-4beta position, and side chain hydroxylated cholesterol at the C-25 position, likely contributing to cholesterol degradation and bile acid biosynthesis (PubMed:21576599). Catalyzes bisallylic hydroxylation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (PubMed:9435160). Catalyzes the epoxidation of double bonds of PUFA with a preference for the last double bond (PubMed:19965576). Metabolizes endocannabinoid arachidonoylethanolamide (anandamide) to 8,9-, 11,12-, and 14,15-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid ethanolamides (EpETrE-EAs), potentially modulating endocannabinoid system signaling (PubMed:20702771). Plays a role in the metabolism of retinoids. Displays high catalytic activity for oxidation of all-trans-retinol to all-trans-retinal, a rate-limiting step for the biosynthesis of all-trans-retinoic acid (atRA) (PubMed:10681376). Further metabolizes atRA toward 4-hydroxyretinoate and may play a role in hepatic atRA clearance (PubMed:11093772). Responsible for oxidative metabolism of xenobiotics. Acts as a 2-exo-monooxygenase for plant lipid 1,8-cineole (eucalyptol) (PubMed:11159812). Metabolizes the majority of the administered drugs. Catalyzes sulfoxidation of the anthelmintics albendazole and fenbendazole (PubMed:10759686). Hydroxylates antimalarial drug quinine (PubMed:8968357). Acts as a 1,4-cineole 2-exo-monooxygenase (PubMed:11695850). Also involved in vitamin D catabolism and calcium homeostasis. Catalyzes the inactivation of the active hormone calcitriol (1-alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3)) (PubMed:29461981)
- Specific Function
- 1,8-cineole 2-exo-monooxygenase activity
- Gene Name
- CYP3A4
- Uniprot ID
- P08684
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 3A4
- Molecular Weight
- 57342.67 Da
References
- Klotz U: Interaction potential of lercanidipine, a new vasoselective dihydropyridine calcium antagonist. Arzneimittelforschung. 2002;52(3):155-61. doi: 10.1055/s-0031-1299873. [Article]
Drug created at December 01, 2015 20:04 / Updated at June 28, 2022 02:11