Methionine synthase

Details

Name
Methionine synthase
Synonyms
  • 2.1.1.13
  • 5-methyltetrahydrofolate--homocysteine methyltransferase
  • MS
  • Vitamin-B12 dependent methionine synthase
Gene Name
MTR
Organism
Humans
Amino acid sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0001464|Methionine synthase
MSPALQDLSQPEGLKKTLRDEINAILQKRIMVLDGGMGTMIQREKLNEEHFRGQEFKDHA
RPLKGNNDILSITQPDVIYQIHKEYLLAGADIIETNTFSSTSIAQADYGLEHLAYRMNMC
SAGVARKAAEEVTLQTGIKRFVAGALGPTNKTLSVSPSVERPDYRNITFDELVEAYQEQA
KGLLDGGVDILLIETIFDTANAKAALFALQNLFEEKYAPRPIFISGTIVDKSGRTLSGQT
GEGFVISVSHGEPLCIGLNCALGAAEMRPFIEIIGKCTTAYVLCYPNAGLPNTFGDYDET
PSMMAKHLKDFAMDGLVNIVGGCCGSTPDHIREIAEAVKNCKPRVPPATAFEGHMLLSGL
EPFRIGPYTNFVNIGERCNVAGSRKFAKLIMAGNYEEALCVAKVQVEMGAQVLDVNMDDG
MLDGPSAMTRFCNLIASEPDIAKVPLCIDSSNFAVIEAGLKCCQGKCIVNSISLKEGEDD
FLEKARKIKKYGAAMVVMAFDEEGQATETDTKIRVCTRAYHLLVKKLGFNPNDIIFDPNI
LTIGTGMEEHNLYAINFIHATKVIKETLPGARISGGLSNLSFSFRGMEAIREAMHGVFLY
HAIKSGMDMGIVNAGNLPVYDDIHKELLQLCEDLIWNKDPEATEKLLRYAQTQGTGGKKV
IQTDEWRNGPVEERLEYALVKGIEKHIIEDTEEARLNQKKYPRPLNIIEGPLMNGMKIVG
DLFGAGKMFLPQVIKSARVMKKAVGHLIPFMEKEREETRVLNGTVEEEDPYQGTIVLATV
KGDVHDIGKNIVGVVLGCNNFRVIDLGVMTPCDKILKAALDHKADIIGLSGLITPSLDEM
IFVAKEMERLAIRIPLLIGGATTSKTHTAVKIAPRYSAPVIHVLDASKSVVVCSQLLDEN
LKDEYFEEIMEEYEDIRQDHYESLKERRYLPLSQARKSGFQMDWLSEPHPVKPTFIGTQV
FEDYDLQKLVDYIDWKPFFDVWQLRGKYPNRGFPKIFNDKTVGGEARKVYDDAHNMLNTL
ISQKKLRARGVVGFWPAQSIQDDIHLYAEAAVPQAAEPIATFYGLRQQAEKDSASTEPYY
CLSDFIAPLHSGIRDYLGLFAVACFGVEELSKAYEDDGDDYSSIMVKALGDRLAEAFAEE
LHERVRRELWAYCGSEQLDVADLRRLRYKGIRPAPGYPSQPDHTEKLTMWRLADIEQSTG
IRLTESLAMAPASAVSGLYFSNLKSKYFAVGKISKDQVEDYALRKNISVAEVEKWLGPIL
GYDTD
Number of residues
1265
Molecular Weight
140525.91
Theoretical pI
5.27
GO Classification
Functions
cobalamin binding / methionine synthase activity / S-adenosylmethionine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase activity / zinc ion binding
Processes
axon regeneration / cellular nitrogen compound metabolic process / cellular response to nitric oxide / cobalamin metabolic process / methionine biosynthetic process / methylation / nervous system development / pteridine-containing compound metabolic process / response to axon injury / small molecule metabolic process / sulfur amino acid metabolic process / vitamin metabolic process / water-soluble vitamin metabolic process / xenobiotic metabolic process
Components
cytoplasm / cytosol
General Function
Zinc ion binding
Specific Function
Catalyzes the transfer of a methyl group from methyl-cobalamin to homocysteine, yielding enzyme-bound cob(I)alamin and methionine. Subsequently, remethylates the cofactor using methyltetrahydrofolate (By similarity).
Pfam Domain Function
Transmembrane Regions
Not Available
Cellular Location
Cytoplasm
Gene sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0010518|Methionine synthase (MTR)
ATGTCACCCGCGCTCCAAGACCTGTCGCAACCCGAAGGTCTGAAGAAAACCCTGCGGGAT
GAGATCAATGCCATTCTGCAGAAGAGGATTATGGTGCTGGATGGAGGGATGGGGACCATG
ATCCAGCGGGAGAAGCTAAACGAAGAACACTTCCGAGGTCAGGAATTTAAAGATCATGCC
AGGCCGCTGAAAGGCAACAATGACATTTTAAGTATAACTCAGCCTGATGTCATTTACCAA
ATCCATAAGGAATACTTGCTGGCTGGGGCAGATATCATTGAAACAAATACTTTTAGCAGC
ACTAGTATTGCCCAAGCTGACTATGGCCTTGAACACTTGGCCTACCGGATGAACATGTGC
TCTGCAGGAGTGGCCAGAAAAGCTGCCGAGGAGGTAACTCTCCAGACAGGAATTAAGAGG
TTTGTGGCAGGGGCTCTGGGTCCGACTAATAAGACACTCTCTGTGTCCCCATCTGTGGAA
AGGCCGGATTATAGGAACATCACATTTGATGAGCTTGTTGAAGCATACCAAGAGCAGGCC
AAAGGACTTCTGGATGGCGGGGTTGATATCTTACTCATTGAAACTATTTTTGATACTGCC
AATGCCAAGGCAGCCTTGTTTGCACTCCAAAATCTTTTTGAGGAGAAATATGCTCCCCGG
CCTATCTTTATTTCAGGGACGATCGTTGATAAAAGTGGGCGGACTCTTTCCGGACAGACA
GGAGAGGGATTTGTCATCAGCGTGTCTCATGGAGAACCACTCTGCATTGGATTAAATTGT
GCTTTGGGTGCAGCTGAAATGAGACCTTTTATTGAAATAATTGGAAAATGTACAACAGCC
TATGTCCTCTGTTATCCCAATGCAGGTCTTCCCAACACCTTTGGTGACTATGATGAAACG
CCTTCTATGATGGCCAAGCACCTAAAGGATTTTGCTATGGATGGCTTGGTCAATATAGTT
GGAGGATGCTGTGGGTCAACACCAGATCATATCAGGGAAATTGCTGAAGCTGTGAAAAAT
TGTAAGCCTAGAGTTCCACCTGCCACTGCTTTTGAAGGACATATGTTACTGTCTGGTCTA
GAGCCCTTCAGGATTGGACCGTACACCAACTTTGTTAACATTGGAGAGCGCTGTAATGTT
GCAGGATCAAGGAAGTTTGCTAAACTCATCATGGCAGGAAACTATGAAGAAGCCTTGTGT
GTTGCCAAAGTGCAGGTGGAAATGGGAGCCCAGGTGTTGGATGTCAACATGGATGATGGC
ATGCTAGATGGTCCAAGTGCAATGACCAGATTTTGCAACTTAATTGCTTCCGAGCCAGAC
ATCGCAAAGGTACCTTTGTGCATCGACTCCTCCAATTTTGCTGTGATTGAAGCTGGGTTA
AAGTGCTGCCAAGGGAAGTGCATTGTCAATAGCATTAGTCTGAAGGAAGGAGAGGACGAC
TTCTTGGAGAAGGCCAGGAAGATTAAAAAGTATGGAGCTGCTATGGTGGTCATGGCTTTT
GATGAAGAAGGACAGGCAACAGAAACAGACACAAAAATCAGAGTGTGCACCCGGGCCTAC
CATCTGCTTGTGAAAAAACTGGGCTTTAATCCAAATGACATTATTTTTGACCCTAATATC
CTAACCATTGGGACTGGAATGGAGGAACACAACTTGTATGCCATTAATTTTATCCATGCA
ACAAAAGTCATTAAAGAAACATTACCTGGAGCCAGAATAAGTGGAGGTCTTTCCAACTTG
TCCTTCTCCTTCCGAGGAATGGAAGCCATTCGAGAAGCAATGCATGGGGTTTTCCTTTAC
CATGCAATCAAGTCTGGCATGGACATGGGGATAGTGAATGCTGGAAACCTCCCTGTGTAT
GATGATATCCATAAGGAACTTCTGCAGCTCTGTGAAGATCTCATCTGGAATAAAGACCCT
GAGGCCACTGAGAAGCTCTTACGTTATGCCCAGACTCAAGGCACAGGAGGGAAGAAAGTC
ATTCAGACTGATGAGTGGAGAAATGGCCCTGTCGAAGAACGCCTTGAGTATGCCCTTGTG
AAGGGCATTGAAAAACATATTATTGAGGATACTGAGGAAGCCAGGTTAAACCAAAAAAAA
TATCCCCGACCTCTCAATATAATTGAAGGACCCCTGATGAATGGAATGAAAATTGTTGGT
GATCTTTTTGGAGCTGGAAAAATGTTTCTACCTCAGGTTATAAAGTCAGCCCGGGTTATG
AAGAAGGCTGTTGGCCACCTTATCCCTTTCATGGAAAAAGAAAGAGAAGAAACCAGAGTG
CTTAACGGCACAGTAGAAGAAGAGGACCCTTACCAGGGCACCATCGTGCTGGCCACTGTT
AAAGGCGACGTGCACGACATAGGCAAGAACATAGTTGGAGTAGTCCTTGGCTGCAATAAT
TTCCGAGTTATTGATTTAGGAGTCATGACTCCATGTGATAAGATACTGAAAGCTGCTCTT
GACCACAAAGCAGATATAATTGGCCTGTCAGGACTCATCACTCCTTCCCTGGATGAAATG
ATTTTTGTTGCCAAGGAAATGGAGAGATTAGCTATAAGGATTCCATTGTTGATTGGAGGA
GCAACCACTTCAAAAACCCACACAGCAGTTAAAATAGCTCCGAGATACAGTGCACCTGTA
ATCCATGTCCTGGACGCGTCCAAGAGTGTGGTGGTGTGTTCCCAGCTGTTAGATGAAAAT
CTAAAGGATGAATACTTTGAGGAAATCATGGAAGAATATGAAGATATTAGACAGGACCAT
TATGAGTCTCTCAAGGAGAGGAGATACTTACCCTTAAGTCAAGCCAGAAAAAGTGGTTTC
CAAATGGATTGGCTGTCTGAACCTCACCCAGTGAAGCCCACGTTTATTGGGACCCAGGTC
TTTGAAGACTATGACCTGCAGAAGCTGGTGGACTACATTGACTGGAAGCCTTTCTTTGAT
GTCTGGCAGCTCCGGGGCAAGTACCCGAATCGAGGCTTTCCCAAGATATTTAACGACAAA
ACAGTAGGTGGAGAGGCCAGGAAGGTCTACGATGATGCCCACAATATGCTGAACACACTG
ATTAGTCAAAAGAAACTCCGGGCCCGGGGTGTGGTTGGGTTCTGGCCAGCACAGAGTATC
CAAGACGACATTCACCTGTACGCAGAGGCTGCTGTGCCCCAGGCTGCAGAGCCCATAGCC
ACCTTCTATGGGTTAAGGCAACAGGCTGAGAAGGACTCTGCCAGCACGGAGCCATACTAC
TGCCTCTCAGACTTCATCGCTCCCTTGCATTCTGGCATCCGTGACTACCTGGGCCTGTTT
GCCGTTGCCTGCTTTGGGGTAGAAGAGCTGAGCAAGGCCTATGAGGATGATGGTGACGAC
TACAGCAGCATCATGGTCAAGGCGCTGGGGGACCGGCTGGCAGAGGCCTTTGCAGAAGAG
CTCCATGAAAGAGTTCGCCGAGAACTGTGGGCCTACTGTGGCAGTGAGCAGCTGGACGTC
GCAGACCTGCGCAGGCTGCGGTACAAGGGCATCCGCCCGGCTCCTGGCTACCCCAGCCAG
CCCGACCACACCGAGAAGCTCACCATGTGGAGACTCGCAGACATCGAGCAGTCTACAGGC
ATTAGGTTAACAGAATCATTAGCAATGGCACCTGCTTCAGCAGTCTCAGGCCTCTACTTC
TCCAATTTGAAGTCCAAATATTTTGCTGTGGGGAAGATTTCCAAGGATCAGGTTGAGGAT
TATGCATTGAGGAAGAACATATCTGTGGCTGAGGTTGAGAAATGGCTTGGACCCATTTTG
GGATATGATACAGACTAA
Chromosome Location
1
Locus
1q43
External Identifiers
ResourceLink
UniProtKB IDQ99707
UniProtKB Entry NameMETH_HUMAN
GenBank Protein ID1923221
GenBank Gene IDU71285
GenAtlas IDMTR
HGNC IDHGNC:7468
General References
  1. Leclerc D, Campeau E, Goyette P, Adjalla CE, Christensen B, Ross M, Eydoux P, Rosenblatt DS, Rozen R, Gravel RA: Human methionine synthase: cDNA cloning and identification of mutations in patients of the cblG complementation group of folate/cobalamin disorders. Hum Mol Genet. 1996 Dec;5(12):1867-74. [Article]
  2. Li YN, Gulati S, Baker PJ, Brody LC, Banerjee R, Kruger WD: Cloning, mapping and RNA analysis of the human methionine synthase gene. Hum Mol Genet. 1996 Dec;5(12):1851-8. [Article]
  3. Chen LH, Liu ML, Hwang HY, Chen LS, Korenberg J, Shane B: Human methionine synthase. cDNA cloning, gene localization, and expression. J Biol Chem. 1997 Feb 7;272(6):3628-34. [Article]
  4. Gregory SG, Barlow KF, McLay KE, Kaul R, Swarbreck D, Dunham A, Scott CE, Howe KL, Woodfine K, Spencer CC, Jones MC, Gillson C, Searle S, Zhou Y, Kokocinski F, McDonald L, Evans R, Phillips K, Atkinson A, Cooper R, Jones C, Hall RE, Andrews TD, Lloyd C, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Anderson F, Andrew RW, Ashwell RI, Aubin K, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Beasley H, Bethel G, Bird CP, Bray-Allen S, Brown JY, Brown AJ, Buckley D, Burton J, Bye J, Carder C, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee C, Cobley V, Collier RE, Corby N, Coville GJ, Davies J, Deadman R, Dunn M, Earthrowl M, Ellington AG, Errington H, Frankish A, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Gay L, Ghori MR, Gibson R, Gilby LM, Gillett W, Glithero RJ, Grafham DV, Griffiths C, Griffiths-Jones S, Grocock R, Hammond S, Harrison ES, Hart E, Haugen E, Heath PD, Holmes S, Holt K, Howden PJ, Hunt AR, Hunt SE, Hunter G, Isherwood J, James R, Johnson C, Johnson D, Joy A, Kay M, Kershaw JK, Kibukawa M, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights AJ, Lad H, Laird G, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Lloyd DM, Loveland J, Lovell J, Lush MJ, Lyne R, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, Matthews NS, McLaren S, Milne S, Mistry S, Moore MJ, Nickerson T, O'Dell CN, Oliver K, Palmeiri A, Palmer SA, Parker A, Patel D, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Pelan S, Phelps K, Phillimore BJ, Plumb R, Rajan J, Raymond C, Rouse G, Saenphimmachak C, Sehra HK, Sheridan E, Shownkeen R, Sims S, Skuce CD, Smith M, Steward C, Subramanian S, Sycamore N, Tracey A, Tromans A, Van Helmond Z, Wall M, Wallis JM, White S, Whitehead SL, Wilkinson JE, Willey DL, Williams H, Wilming L, Wray PW, Wu Z, Coulson A, Vaudin M, Sulston JE, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Wooster R, Dunham I, Carter NP, McVean G, Ross MT, Harrow J, Olson MV, Beck S, Rogers J, Bentley DR, Banerjee R, Bryant SP, Burford DC, Burrill WD, Clegg SM, Dhami P, Dovey O, Faulkner LM, Gribble SM, Langford CF, Pandian RD, Porter KM, Prigmore E: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1. Nature. 2006 May 18;441(7091):315-21. [Article]
  5. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [Article]
  6. Burkard TR, Planyavsky M, Kaupe I, Breitwieser FP, Burckstummer T, Bennett KL, Superti-Furga G, Colinge J: Initial characterization of the human central proteome. BMC Syst Biol. 2011 Jan 26;5:17. doi: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17. [Article]
  7. Gulati S, Baker P, Li YN, Fowler B, Kruger W, Brody LC, Banerjee R: Defects in human methionine synthase in cblG patients. Hum Mol Genet. 1996 Dec;5(12):1859-65. [Article]
  8. Doolin MT, Barbaux S, McDonnell M, Hoess K, Whitehead AS, Mitchell LE: Maternal genetic effects, exerted by genes involved in homocysteine remethylation, influence the risk of spina bifida. Am J Hum Genet. 2002 Nov;71(5):1222-6. Epub 2002 Oct 9. [Article]
  9. O'Leary VB, Mills JL, Pangilinan F, Kirke PN, Cox C, Conley M, Weiler A, Peng K, Shane B, Scott JM, Parle-McDermott A, Molloy AM, Brody LC: Analysis of methionine synthase reductase polymorphisms for neural tube defects risk association. Mol Genet Metab. 2005 Jul;85(3):220-7. Epub 2005 Mar 17. [Article]

Drug Relations

Drug Relations
DrugBank IDNameDrug groupPharmacological action?ActionsDetails
DB00134Methionineapproved, nutraceuticalunknownproduct ofDetails
DB00200HydroxocobalaminapprovedyescofactorDetails
DB00116Tetrahydrofolic acidnutraceuticalunknowncofactorDetails
DB00115Cyanocobalaminapproved, nutraceuticalyescofactorDetails
DB11256Levomefolic acidapproved, investigationalunknownsubstratecofactorDetails
DB11590ThimerosalapprovedunknownantagonistDetails
DB03614Mecobalaminapproved, investigationalyescofactorDetails