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Metabolism and Physiological Effects of Imidazolepropionic Acid
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0126521MetabolicHistidine can be obtained from the diet from foods such as meat and dairy and other foods high in protein. ImP is a very strong basic compound (based on its pKa). … ImP is a metabolite of histidine and it is formed from histidine via a urocanate intermediate in gut microbiota by the enzyme urocanate reductase (urdA).
Drugs: HistidineMetabolism and Physiological Effects of N-Acetylphenylalanine
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0126720MetabolicIn addition to the NAT enzymes and protein-based acetylation, N-acetylation of free phenylalanine can also occur. … In particular, N-Acetyl-L-phenylalanine can be biosynthesized from L-phenylalanine and acetyl-CoA by the enzyme phenylalanine N-acetyltransferase.
Drugs: PhenylalanineMetabolism and Physiological Effects of Phenol sulphate
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0126844MetabolicIn particular, phenol sulphate can be biosynthesized from phenol and phosphoadenosine phosphosulfate through the action of the enzyme sulfotransferase 1A1 in the liver. … Phenol sulphate can be found in most mammals (mice, rats, sheep, dogs, humans) and likely most animals. Phenol sulphate is a uremic toxin.
Metabolism and Physiological Effects of Androsterone sulfate
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0127012MetabolicIt is a steroid sulfate which is formed from sulfation of androsterone by the steroid sulfotransferase SULT2A1 and can be desulfated back into androsterone by steroid sulfatase. … Both testosterone and 5α-DHT are metabolized mainly in the liver.
Drugs: Testosterone2-Hydroxyglutric Aciduria (D and L Form)
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000136DiseaseA deficiency in this enzyme results in accumulation of L-2-Hydroxyglutaric acid in plasma, spinal fluid, and urine; and L-lysine in plasma and spinal fluid. … A deficiency in this enzyme results in accumulation of D-2-Hydroxyglutaric acid in plasma, spinal fluid, and urine; oxoglutaric acid in urine; and gabba-aminobutyric acid in spinal fluid.
Drugs: Pyridoxal phosphate · Pyruvic acid · Biotin · Aspartic acid · L-Glutamine · Adenosine phosphate +17 moreEnzymes: CAD proteinIntracellular Signalling Through Prostacyclin Receptor and Prostacyclin
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000354SignalingThis leads to smooth muscle relaxation resulting in vasodilation. … Prostacyclin binding to its receptor increases vasodilation and decreases platelet aggregation.
Metabolism and Physiological Effects of Phenyl sulfate
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0123213MetabolicPhenyl sulphate is a phenolic compound that is formed through gut microbial metabolism from dietary tyrosine and a sulfation reaction in liver hepatic cells. … Phenyl sulphate is shown to cause albuminuria and diabetic kidney disease.
Metabolism and Physiological Effects of Para-cresol
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0123214MetabolicP-cresol can then undergo sulfation or glucuronidation reactions in the liver to produce the uremic toxins p-cresyl sulfate and p-cresyl glucuronide respectively. … P-cresol is shown to be associated with cardiovascular disease and it can also inhibit endothelial cell proliferation.
Metabolism and Physiological Effects of Indoxyl Sulfate
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0123237MetabolicIndoxyl sulfate is an indole compound that is formed through gut microbial metabolism from dietary tryptophan and a sulfation reaction in liver hepatic cells. … It is also shown to cause vascular calcification and disrupt the electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation causing muscle atrophy
Metabolism and Physiological Effects of Phenylacetic Acid
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0123256MetabolicIt reduces nitric oxide production and reduces protection against inflammation in vessel walls. It also leads to the production of reactive oxygen species. … Coli strain K12 through an unknown transporter. In the periplasm of the E. coli, 2-phenylethylamine is catalyzed by the enzyme primary amine oxidase to synthesize phenylacetaldehyde.