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Displaying results 1 - 10 of 122 in total
  1. Pathway

    Lidocaine (Antiarrhythmic) Action Pathway

    smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000328
    Drug action

    Membrane ion pumps, such as the sodium-potassium ATPase and sodium-calcium exchanger (NCX), maintain low intracellular sodium (5 mM) and calcium (100 nM) concentrations and high intracellular potassium … During the final repolarization phase, the voltage-gated rapid (I-Kr) and slow (I-Ks) delayed rectifying potassium channels open increasing the outflow of potassium ions and repolarizing the cell.

    Drugs: NADH · ATP · Lidocaine · Potassium cation · Calcium · Mesoheme +1 more
    Enzymes: Potassium channel subfamily K member 1, Inward rectifier potassium channel 4
  2. Pathway

    Neuron Function

    smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000224
    Physiological

    Neurons maintain a voltage gradient across their membrane using metabolically driven ion pumps and ion channels for charge-carrying ions, including sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), chloride (Cl−), and calcium … Once the interior of the neuron becomes more positively charged, the sodium channels close and the potassium channels open to allow potassium to move out of the cell to try and restore the resting membrane

    Drugs: ATP · Norepinephrine · Dopamine · Potassium cation · Calcium
    Enzymes: Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-1, Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-1
  3. Pathway

    Lidocaine Sodium Channel Cardiac Muscle Relaxation Action Pathway

    smpdb.ca/view/SMP0126504
    Drug action

    , conduction rate, and force of contraction. … Ever since its discovery and availability for sale and use in the late 1940s, lidocaine has become an exceptionally commonly used medication.

    Drugs: Lidocaine · Potassium cation · Calcium · Cyclic adenosine monophosphate
    Enzymes: Potassium channel subfamily K member 1, Inward rectifier potassium channel 4
  4. Pathway

    Codeine Action Pathway

    smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000405
    Drug action

    Opioids close N-type voltage-operated calcium channels (OP2-receptor agonist) and open calcium-dependent inwardly rectifying potassium channels (OP3 and OP1 receptor agonist). … Opiate receptors are coupled with G-protein receptors and function as both positive and negative regulators of synaptic transmission via G-proteins that activate effector proteins.

    Drugs: NADH · ATP · Morphine · Codeine · Norepinephrine · Dopamine +5 more
    Enzymes: Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-1, Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-1
  5. Pathway

    Oxymorphone Action Pathway

    smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000412
    Drug action

    Hyperpolarization of neuron is caused by inactivation of calcium channels and activation of potassium channels via facilitated by G-protein. … The binding of oxymorphone will eventually lead to reduced pain because of decreased nerve conduction and release of neurotransmitter.

    Drugs: ATP · Norepinephrine · Dopamine · Oxymorphone · Potassium cation · Calcium
    Enzymes: Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-1, Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-1
  6. Pathway

    Carfentanil Action Pathway

    smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000414
    Drug action

    Hyperpolarization of neuron is caused by inactivation of calcium channels and activation of potassium channels via facilitated by G-protein. … The binding of carfentanil will eventually lead to reduced pain because of decreased nerve conduction and release of neurotransmitter.

    Drugs: ATP · Norepinephrine · Dopamine · Potassium cation · Calcium · Carfentanil
    Enzymes: Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-1, Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-1
  7. Pathway

    Diphenoxylate Action Pathway

    smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000675
    Drug action

    Hyperpolarization of neuron is caused by inactivation of calcium channels and activation of potassium channels via facilitated by G-protein. … The binding of diphenoxylate will eventually lead to reduced pain because of decreased nerve conduction and release of neurotransmitter.

    Drugs: ATP · Norepinephrine · Dopamine · Diphenoxylate · Potassium cation · Calcium
    Enzymes: Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-1, Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-1
  8. Pathway

    Levomethadyl Acetate Action Action Pathway

    smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000677
    Drug action

    Levomethadyl acetate can also open calcium-dependent inwardly rectifying potassium channels (OP1 receptor agonist) to reduce neuronal excitability as well as lead to hyperpolarization. … However, levomethadyl acetate is more active and more toxic than morphine.

    Drugs: ATP · Norepinephrine · Dopamine · Levacetylmethadol · Potassium cation · Calcium
    Enzymes: Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-1, Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-1
  9. Pathway

    3-Methylthiofentanyl Action Pathway

    smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000679
    Drug action

    Hyperpolarization of neuron is caused by inactivation of calcium channels and activation of potassium channels via facilitated by G-protein. … The binding of methadyl acetate will eventually lead to reduced pain because of decreased nerve conduction and release of neurotransmitter.

    Drugs: ATP · Norepinephrine · Dopamine · Potassium cation · Calcium · 3-Methylthiofentanyl
    Enzymes: Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-1, Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-1
  10. Pathway

    Dimethylthiambutene Action Pathway

    smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000680
    Drug action

    G(i) protein can also open potassium channels and close calcium channels to result in hyperpolarize on neuron. … Dimethylthiambutene (also known as Ohton or Aminobutene) is an opioid analgesic and substrate for mu-type opioid receptor which can be used for relieving pain.

    Drugs: ATP · Norepinephrine · Dopamine · Potassium cation · Calcium · Dimethylthiambutene
    Enzymes: Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-1, Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-1