Explore a selection of our essential drug information below, or:
Identification
- Summary
Cephalexin is a first generation cephalosporin used to treat certain susceptible bacterial infections.
- Brand Names
- Keflex
- Generic Name
- Cephalexin
- DrugBank Accession Number
- DB00567
- Background
Cephalexin is the first of the first generation cephalosporins.7,8 This antibiotic contains a beta lactam and a dihydrothiazide.7 Cephalexin is used to treat a number of susceptible bacterial infections through inhibition of cell wall synthesis.9,Label Cephalexin was approved by the FDA on 4 January 1971.12
- Type
- Small Molecule
- Groups
- Approved, Investigational, Vet approved
- Structure
Structure for Cephalexin (DB00567)
- Weight
- Average: 347.389
Monoisotopic: 347.093976737 - Chemical Formula
- C16H17N3O4S
- Synonyms
- (6R,7R)-7-{[(2R)-2-amino-2-phenylacetyl]amino}-3-methyl-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid
- 7-(D-alpha-Aminophenylacetamido)desacetoxycephalosporanic acid
- 7-beta-(D-alpha-Amino-alpha-phenylacetylamino)-3-methyl-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid
- Anhydrous cefalexin
- Anhydrous cephalexin
- Cefalexin
- Cefalexin anhydrous
- Cefalexina
- Céfalexine
- Cefalexinum
- Cephalexin anhydrous
- External IDs
- LILLY-66873
- S-6437
Pharmacology
- Indication
Cephalexin is indicated for the treatment of certain infections caused by susceptible bacteria.Label,13,14 These infections include respiratory tract infections, otitis media, skin and skin structure infections, bone infections, and genitourinary tract infections.Label,13,14
Reduce drug development failure ratesBuild, train, & validate machine-learning modelswith evidence-based and structured datasets.Build, train, & validate predictive machine-learning models with structured datasets.- Associated Conditions
Indication Type Indication Combined Product Details Approval Level Age Group Patient Characteristics Dose Form Treatment of Bone infection •••••••••••• Treatment of Genitourinary tract infection •••••••••••• Treatment of Otitis media •••••••••••• Treatment of Respiratory tract infection •••••••••••• Treatment of Respiratory tract infections •••••••••••• - Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
Prevent Adverse Drug Events TodayTap into our Clinical API for life-saving information on contraindications & blackbox warnings, population restrictions, harmful risks, & more.Avoid life-threatening adverse drug events with our Clinical API- Pharmacodynamics
Cephalexin (also called Cefalexin) is a first generation cephalosporin antibiotic.7,8 It is one of the most widely prescribed antibiotics, often used for the treatment of superficial infections that result as complications of minor wounds or lacerations.Label It is effective against most gram-positive bacteria through its inihibition of the cross linking reaction between N-acetyl muramicacid and N-acetylglucosamine in the cell wall, leading to cell lysis.9
- Mechanism of action
Cephalexin is a first generation cephalosporin antibiotic.7,8 Cephalosporins contain a beta lactam and dihydrothiazide.7 Unlike penicillins, cephalosprins are more resistant to the action of beta lactamase.7 Cephalexin inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis, leading breakdown and eventualy cell death.Label
Target Actions Organism APenicillin-binding protein 3 inhibitorStreptococcus pneumoniae APenicillin-binding protein 2a inhibitorStreptococcus pneumoniae (strain ATCC BAA-255 / R6) APenicillin-binding protein 1b inhibitorStreptococcus pneumoniae (strain ATCC BAA-255 / R6) APenicillin-binding protein 2B inhibitorStreptococcus pneumoniae (strain ATCC BAA-255 / R6) APenicillin-binding protein 1A inhibitorStreptococcus pneumoniae (strain ATCC BAA-255 / R6) - Absorption
Well absorbed from the upper gastrointestinal tract with nearly 100% oral bioavailability.3,4 Cephalexin is not absorbed in the stomach but is absorbed in the upper intestine.5
Patients taking 250mg of cephalexin reach a maximum plasma concentration of 7.7mcg/mL and patients taking 500mg reach 12.3mcg/mL.1
- Volume of distribution
5.2-5.8L.6
- Protein binding
Cephalexin is 10-15% bound to serum proteinsLabel,13 including serum albumin.10
- Metabolism
- Route of elimination
Cephalexin is over 90% excreted in the urine after 6 hours1 by glomerular filtration and tubular secretionLabel,13,14 with a mean urinary recovery of 99.3%.3 Cephalexin is unchanged in the urine.1,2,3
- Half-life
The half life of cephalexin is 49.5 minutes in a fasted state and 76.5 minutes with food though these times were not significantly different in the study.3
- Clearance
Clearance from one subject was 376mL/min.3
- Adverse Effects
Improve decision support & research outcomesWith structured adverse effects data, including: blackbox warnings, adverse reactions, warning & precautions, & incidence rates. View sample adverse effects data in our new Data Library!Improve decision support & research outcomes with our structured adverse effects data.- Toxicity
Symptoms of overdose include blood in the urine, diarrhea, nausea, upper abdominal pain, and vomiting.Label An overdose is generally managed through supportive treatment as diuresis, dialysis, hemodialysis, and charcoal hemoperfusion are not well studied in this case.Label
The oral median lethal dose of cephalexin in rats is >5000 mg/kg. The oral LD50 in a monkey is >1g/kg and the lowest dose causing a toxic effect in humans is 14mg/kg.MSDS
Cephalexin has not been shown to be harmful in pregnancy and is not associated with teratogeniticy.Label Cephalexin is present in breast milk, though infants may be exposed to <1% of the dose given to the mother.Label The effects of breast milk exposure to cephalexin have not been established and so caution must be exercised and the risk and benefit of cephalexin use in breastfeeding must be weighed.Label
Cephalexin has not been studied for carcinogenicity or mutagenicity.Label Cephalexin has no affect on fertility in rats.Label
- Pathways
- Not Available
- Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
- Not Available
Interactions
- Drug Interactions
- This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
Drug Interaction Integrate drug-drug
interactions in your softwareAbacavir Cephalexin may decrease the excretion rate of Abacavir which could result in a higher serum level. Abametapir The serum concentration of Cephalexin can be increased when it is combined with Abametapir. Abatacept The metabolism of Cephalexin can be increased when combined with Abatacept. Abciximab The therapeutic efficacy of Abciximab can be decreased when used in combination with Cephalexin. Abemaciclib The excretion of Abemaciclib can be decreased when combined with Cephalexin. - Food Interactions
- Take with or without food.
Products
Drug product information from 10+ global regionsOur datasets provide approved product information including:dosage, form, labeller, route of administration, and marketing period.Access drug product information from over 10 global regions.- Product Ingredients
Ingredient UNII CAS InChI Key Cefalexin hydrochloride 6VJE5G3D98 105879-42-3 YHJDZIQOCSDIQU-OEDJVVDHSA-N Cefalexin monohydrate OBN7UDS42Y 23325-78-2 AVGYWQBCYZHHPN-CYJZLJNKSA-N Cefalexin sodium F78YJG0WXK 38932-40-0 NZDYPHVJLWMLJI-CYJZLJNKSA-M - Product Images
- International/Other Brands
- Alcephin (Alembic) / Alexin (Dabur) / Alsporin (Renata) / Cefadin (Life) / Cefalin (BioFemme) / Ceforal (Teva) / Cefovit (Vitamed) / Celexin (Atlantic) / Cephin (General Drugs House) / Ceporexin (Investi) / Felexin (Remedica) / Ibilex (Alphapharm) / Keforal (Saiph) / L-Keflex (Shionogi Seiyaku) / Larixin (Taisho Yakuhin) / Lonflex (Union) / Madlexin (Meiji) / Nufex (General Pharma) / Oriphex (Maydsm Trading) / Ospexin (Sandoz) / Palitrex (Galenika) / Pyassan (Sanofi) / Sanaxin (Sandoz) / Sencephalin (Takeda Pharmaceutical) / Sepexin (Hetero) / Servispor (Sandoz) / Sialexin (Siam Bheasach) / Sporicef (Ranbaxy) / Sporidex (Ranbaxy) / Syncl (Asahi Kasei Pharma) / Tepaxin (Takeda) / Uphalexin (CCM) / Voxxim (Roddensers) / Winlex (Winston)
- Brand Name Prescription Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Asn-cephalexin Powder, for suspension 250 mg / 5 mL Oral Ascend Laboratories, LLC Not applicable Not applicable Canada 
Asn-cephalexin Powder, for suspension 125 mg / 5 mL Oral Ascend Laboratories, LLC Not applicable Not applicable Canada Cephalexin Tablet 500 mg Oral Sanis Health Inc 2022-05-31 Not applicable Canada Cephalexin Tablet 250 mg Oral Sanis Health Inc 2022-05-31 Not applicable Canada Cephalexin Tablet 500 mg Oral Sivem Pharmaceuticals Ulc 2020-10-22 Not applicable Canada - Generic Prescription Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Apo-cephalex Tablet 500 mg Oral Apotex Corporation 1988-12-31 Not applicable Canada Apo-cephalex Tablet 250 mg Oral Apotex Corporation 1988-12-31 Not applicable Canada Auro-cephalexin Powder, for suspension 250 mg / 5 mL Oral Auro Pharma Inc 2020-07-23 Not applicable Canada Auro-cephalexin Tablet 500 mg Oral Auro Pharma Inc 2018-07-30 Not applicable Canada Auro-cephalexin Powder, for suspension 125 mg / 5 mL Oral Auro Pharma Inc 2020-07-23 Not applicable Canada
Categories
- ATC Codes
- J01DB01 — Cefalexin
- Drug Categories
- Amides
- Anti-Bacterial Agents
- Anti-Infective Agents
- Antibacterials for Systemic Use
- Antiinfectives for Systemic Use
- Aza Compounds
- Azabicyclo Compounds
- beta-Lactams
- Cephalosporins
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A4 Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A4 Substrates (strength unknown)
- Cytochrome P-450 Substrates
- Drugs that are Mainly Renally Excreted
- First-Generation Cephalosporins
- Heterocyclic Compounds, Fused-Ring
- Lactams
- MATE 1 Substrates
- MATE substrates
- Nephrotoxic agents
- OAT1/SLC22A6 inhibitors
- OAT1/SLC22A6 Substrates
- OAT3/SLC22A8 Inhibitors
- OAT3/SLC22A8 Substrates
- Sulfur Compounds
- Thiazines
- Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
- Description
- This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as cephalosporins. These are compounds containing a 1,2-thiazine fused to a 2-azetidinone to for a oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid moiety or a derivative thereof.
- Kingdom
- Organic compounds
- Super Class
- Organoheterocyclic compounds
- Class
- Lactams
- Sub Class
- Beta lactams
- Direct Parent
- Cephalosporins
- Alternative Parents
- N-acyl-alpha amino acids and derivatives / Alpha amino acid amides / Phenylacetamides / Aralkylamines / 1,3-thiazines / Tertiary carboxylic acid amides / Secondary carboxylic acid amides / Amino acids / Azetidines / Thiohemiaminal derivatives show 9 more
- Substituents
- Alpha-amino acid amide / Alpha-amino acid or derivatives / Amine / Amino acid / Amino acid or derivatives / Aralkylamine / Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound / Azacycle / Azetidine / Benzenoid show 24 more
- Molecular Framework
- Aromatic heteropolycyclic compounds
- External Descriptors
- cephalosporin (CHEBI:3534)
- Affected organisms
- Enteric bacteria and other eubacteria
Chemical Identifiers
- UNII
- 5SFF1W6677
- CAS number
- 15686-71-2
- InChI Key
- ZAIPMKNFIOOWCQ-UEKVPHQBSA-N
- InChI
- InChI=1S/C16H17N3O4S/c1-8-7-24-15-11(14(21)19(15)12(8)16(22)23)18-13(20)10(17)9-5-3-2-4-6-9/h2-6,10-11,15H,7,17H2,1H3,(H,18,20)(H,22,23)/t10-,11-,15-/m1/s1
- IUPAC Name
- (6R,7R)-7-[(2R)-2-amino-2-phenylacetamido]-3-methyl-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid
- SMILES
- [H][C@]12SCC(C)=C(N1C(=O)[C@H]2NC(=O)[C@H](N)C1=CC=CC=C1)C(O)=O
References
- Synthesis Reference
Peter Faarup, "Method of preparing a sparingly soluble complex of cephalexin." U.S. Patent US4003896, issued May, 1975.
US4003896- General References
- Thornhill TS, Levison ME, Johnson WD, Kaye D: In vitro antimicrobial activity and human pharmacology of cephalexin, a new orally absorbed cephalosporin C antibiotic. Appl Microbiol. 1969 Mar;17(3):457-61. [Article]
- Sullivan HR, Billings RE, McMahon RE: Metabolism of cephalexin-14C in mice and in rats. J Antibiot (Tokyo). 1969 May;22(5):195-200. [Article]
- Gower PE, Dash CH: Cephalexin: human studies of absorption and excretion of a new cephalosporin antibiotic. Br J Pharmacol. 1969 Nov;37(3):738-47. doi: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1969.tb08513.x. [Article]
- Henning C, Kallings LO, Lidman K, Sterner G: Studies of absorption, excretion, antibacterial and clinical effect of cephalexin. Scand J Infect Dis. 1970;2(2):131-8. [Article]
- Griffith RS: The pharmacology of cephalexin. Postgrad Med J. 1983;59 Suppl 5:16-27. [Article]
- Pfeffer M, Jackson A, Ximenes J, de Menezes JP: Comparative human oral clinical pharmacology of cefadroxil, cephalexin, and cephradine. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1977 Feb;11(2):331-8. doi: 10.1128/aac.11.2.331. [Article]
- Tanrisever B, Santella PJ: Cefadroxil. A review of its antibacterial, pharmacokinetic and therapeutic properties in comparison with cephalexin and cephradine. Drugs. 1986;32 Suppl 3:1-16. doi: 10.2165/00003495-198600323-00003. [Article]
- Sader HS, Jacobs MR, Fritsche TR: Review of the spectrum and potency of orally administered cephalosporins and amoxicillin/clavulanate. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2007 Mar;57(3 Suppl):5S-12S. doi: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2006.12.014. Epub 2007 Feb 9. [Article]
- Fisher JF, Meroueh SO, Mobashery S: Bacterial resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics: compelling opportunism, compelling opportunity. Chem Rev. 2005 Feb;105(2):395-424. doi: 10.1021/cr030102i. [Article]
- Nerli B, Romanini D, Pico G: Structural specificity requirements in the binding of beta lactam antibiotics to human serum albumin. Chem Biol Interact. 1997 May 2;104(2-3):179-202. [Article]
- Cephalexin Product Monograph [Link]
- FDA Approved Drug Products: Cephalexin Oral Capsule [Link]
- FDA Approved Drug Products: Cephalexin Oral Suspension [Link]
- FDA Approved Drug Products: Cephalexin Oral Tablet [Link]
- External Links
- Human Metabolome Database
- HMDB0014707
- KEGG Drug
- D00263
- KEGG Compound
- C06895
- PubChem Compound
- 27447
- PubChem Substance
- 46506749
- ChemSpider
- 25541
- BindingDB
- 50139896
- 1299782
- ChEBI
- 3534
- ChEMBL
- CHEMBL1727
- ZINC
- ZINC000003830500
- Therapeutic Targets Database
- DAP000437
- PharmGKB
- PA448883
- RxList
- RxList Drug Page
- Drugs.com
- Drugs.com Drug Page
- PDRhealth
- PDRhealth Drug Page
- Wikipedia
- Cefalexin
- FDA label
- Download (133 KB)
- MSDS
- Download (25.4 KB)
Clinical Trials
- Clinical Trials
Clinical Trial & Rare Diseases Add-on Data Package
Explore 4,000+ rare diseases, orphan drugs & condition pairs, clinical trial why stopped data, & more. Preview package Phase Status Purpose Conditions Count Start Date Why Stopped 100+ additional columns Unlock 175K+ rows when you subscribe.View sample dataNot Available Completed Not Available Drug Half Life / Pharmacokinetics / Placebo Effect 1 somestatus stop reason just information to hide Not Available Completed Prevention Elective Cesarean Section 1 somestatus stop reason just information to hide Not Available Completed Treatment Cellulitis 1 somestatus stop reason just information to hide Not Available Completed Treatment Pregnancy, Complications 1 somestatus stop reason just information to hide Not Available Completed Treatment Snoring / Strep Throat 1 somestatus stop reason just information to hide
Pharmacoeconomics
- Manufacturers
- Acs dobfar info sa
- Apothecon inc div bristol myers squibb
- Aurobindo pharma ltd inc
- Barr laboratories inc
- Belcher pharmaceuticals inc
- Hikma pharmaceuticals
- Ivax pharmaceuticals inc sub teva pharmaceuticals usa
- Lupin ltd
- Orchid healthcare
- Purepac pharmaceutical co
- Ranbaxy laboratories ltd
- Jerome stevens pharmaceuticals inc
- Sun pharmaceutical industries ltd
- Teva pharmaceuticals usa inc
- Yoshitomi pharmaceutical industries ltd
- Yung shin pharmaceutical industrial co ltd
- Middlebrook pharmaceuticals inc
- Vitarine pharmaceuticals inc
- Lex pharmaceuticals inc
- Eli lilly and co
- Packagers
- Advanced Pharmaceutical Services Inc.
- Aidarex Pharmacuticals LLC
- Altura Pharmaceuticals Inc.
- Amkas Laboratories Inc.
- A-S Medication Solutions LLC
- Aurobindo Pharma Ltd.
- Bryant Ranch Prepack
- Cardinal Health
- Carlisle Laboratories Inc.
- Carlsbad Technology Inc.
- Central Texas Community Health Centers
- Ceph International Corp.
- Comprehensive Consultant Services Inc.
- Darby Dental Supply Co. Inc.
- DAVA Pharmaceuticals
- Dispensing Solutions
- Diversified Healthcare Services Inc.
- Dorx LLC
- Eli Lilly & Co.
- Gen Source Rx
- Golden State Medical Supply Inc.
- H.J. Harkins Co. Inc.
- Innoviant Pharmacy Inc.
- Institut Biochemique SA
- International Ethical Labs Inc.
- Jazeera Pharmaceutical Industries
- Keltman Pharmaceuticals Inc.
- Levista Inc.
- Liberty Pharmaceuticals
- Lupin Pharmaceuticals Inc.
- Major Pharmaceuticals
- Medvantx Inc.
- Middlebrook Pharmaceuticals
- Murfreesboro Pharmaceutical Nursing Supply
- Northstar Rx LLC
- Nucare Pharmaceuticals Inc.
- Palmetto Pharmaceuticals Inc.
- Patheon Inc.
- Patient First Corp.
- PD-Rx Pharmaceuticals Inc.
- Pharmaceutical Utilization Management Program VA Inc.
- Pharmedix
- Physicians Total Care Inc.
- Preferred Pharmaceuticals Inc.
- Prepackage Specialists
- Prepak Systems Inc.
- Prescript Pharmaceuticals
- Qualitest
- Ranbaxy Laboratories
- Rebel Distributors Corp.
- Redpharm Drug
- Stat Rx Usa
- Stat Scripts LLC
- Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd.
- Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd.
- UDL Laboratories
- Vedco Inc.
- West-Ward Pharmaceuticals
- World Gen LLC
- Yung Shin Pharmaceutical Industry Ltd.
- Dosage Forms
Form Route Strength Tablet, film coated Oral 1 g Capsule Oral 500.000 mg Syrup Oral 125 MG/ML Tablet Oral Capsule Oral 525 mg Suspension Oral Tablet Oral 526.04 mg Capsule, coated Oral 500 mg Capsule, coated Oral 525.76 mg Powder, for suspension Oral 2.5 g Suspension Oral 5 g Tablet Oral 1 mg Powder, for solution Oral 5.2576 g Tablet Oral 500.000 mg Powder, for suspension Oral Capsule, coated Oral 50000000 mg Capsule Oral 250.000 mg Granule, for suspension Oral 125 mg/5ml Tablet, film coated Oral 1000 MG For suspension Oral 125 mg/5mL For suspension Oral 250 mg/5mL Powder, for suspension Oral 125 mg/5mL Powder, for suspension Oral 250 mg/5mL Tablet Oral 250 mg/1 Tablet Oral 500 mg/1 Tablet, film coated Oral 250 mg/1 Tablet, film coated Oral 500 mg/1 Suspension Oral 125 mg/5mL Suspension Oral 250 mg/5mL Tablet, film coated Oral Capsule Oral 250 MG Suspension Oral 5 % Syrup Oral 10 % Syrup Oral 5 % Tablet Oral 1 g Tablet Oral 1.000 g Tablet, coated Oral 1 G Powder, for suspension Oral 250 mg Capsule, coated Oral 250 mg Syrup Oral 125 MG/5ML Syrup Oral 250 MG/5ML Powder, for suspension Oral 5 mg Powder, for solution Oral 500000 g Powder, for suspension Oral 5300 mg/100ml Syrup Oral Capsule Oral 250 mg/1 Capsule Oral 333 mg/1 Capsule Oral 500 mg/1 Capsule Oral 750 mg/1 Granule, for suspension Oral Powder, for suspension Oral 125 mg / 5 mL Powder, for suspension Oral 250 mg / 5 mL Tablet, coated Oral 1000 mg Tablet, film coated Oral 500 mg Solution / drops Oral 100 MG/ML Powder, for suspension Oral 5 g Tablet, film coated Oral 1 gr Capsule Oral Suspension Oral Suspension Oral 5.000 g Suspension Oral 2.500 g Tablet Oral 250 mg Tablet Oral 500 mg Capsule Oral Granule, for suspension Oral 250 mg/5ml Tablet Oral 1000 mg Granule Oral 276.03 mg Granule Oral 5 g Capsule, coated Oral 0.5 g Tablet, soluble Oral 125 mg/1 Tablet, soluble Oral 250 mg/1 Tablet Oral Suspension Oral 125 mg / 5 mL Suspension Oral 250 mg / 5 mL Powder 250 mg/5ml Tablet, extended release Oral 750 mg Tablet, film coated Oral 250 mg Tablet, coated Oral 500 mg Tablet, coated Oral 250 mg Powder, for suspension Oral 500 mg/5ml Capsule Oral 500 mg - Prices
Unit description Cost Unit Cephalexin 250 mg/5ml Suspension 200ml Bottle 32.76USD bottle Cephalexin 250 mg/5ml Suspension 100ml Bottle 19.66USD bottle Cephalexin 125 mg/5ml Suspension 200ml Bottle 16.39USD bottle Cephalexin 125 mg/5ml Suspension 100ml Bottle 15.99USD bottle Keflex 500 mg capsule 5.75USD capsule Keflex 500 mg pulvule 4.99USD each Keflex 750 mg capsule 3.34USD capsule Cephalexin 500 mg tablet 2.25USD tablet Keflex 250 mg capsule 2.2USD capsule Keflex 250 mg pulvule 1.85USD each Cephalexin 500 mg capsule 1.4USD capsule Cephalexin 250 mg tablet 1.17USD tablet Cephalexin 250 mg capsule 0.72USD capsule Apo-Cephalex 500 mg Tablet 0.47USD tablet Novo-Lexin 500 mg Capsule 0.47USD capsule Novo-Lexin 500 mg Tablet 0.47USD tablet Nu-Cephalex 500 mg Tablet 0.47USD tablet Apo-Cephalex 250 mg Tablet 0.24USD tablet Novo-Lexin 250 mg Capsule 0.24USD capsule Novo-Lexin 250 mg Tablet 0.24USD tablet Nu-Cephalex 250 mg Tablet 0.24USD tablet Novo-Lexin 50 mg/ml Suspension 0.14USD ml Novo-Lexin 25 mg/ml Suspension 0.09USD ml DrugBank does not sell nor buy drugs. Pricing information is supplied for informational purposes only.- Patents
- Not Available
Properties
- State
- Solid
- Experimental Properties
Property Value Source melting point (°C) 326.8 °C http://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.25541.html boiling point (°C) 727.4 http://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.25541.html water solubility 10mg/mL http://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.25541.html logP 0.65 HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995) - Predicted Properties
Property Value Source Water Solubility 0.297 mg/mL ALOGPS logP 0.55 ALOGPS logP -2.1 Chemaxon logS -3.1 ALOGPS pKa (Strongest Acidic) 3.26 Chemaxon pKa (Strongest Basic) 7.23 Chemaxon Physiological Charge 0 Chemaxon Hydrogen Acceptor Count 5 Chemaxon Hydrogen Donor Count 3 Chemaxon Polar Surface Area 112.73 Å2 Chemaxon Rotatable Bond Count 4 Chemaxon Refractivity 88.97 m3·mol-1 Chemaxon Polarizability 32.52 Å3 Chemaxon Number of Rings 3 Chemaxon Bioavailability 1 Chemaxon Rule of Five Yes Chemaxon Ghose Filter No Chemaxon Veber's Rule No Chemaxon MDDR-like Rule No Chemaxon - Predicted ADMET Features
Property Value Probability Human Intestinal Absorption - 0.7537 Blood Brain Barrier - 0.996 Caco-2 permeable - 0.8956 P-glycoprotein substrate Substrate 0.786 P-glycoprotein inhibitor I Non-inhibitor 0.9033 P-glycoprotein inhibitor II Non-inhibitor 0.9921 Renal organic cation transporter Non-inhibitor 0.9485 CYP450 2C9 substrate Non-substrate 0.8011 CYP450 2D6 substrate Non-substrate 0.8308 CYP450 3A4 substrate Non-substrate 0.5289 CYP450 1A2 substrate Non-inhibitor 0.9242 CYP450 2C9 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.9251 CYP450 2D6 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.9359 CYP450 2C19 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.922 CYP450 3A4 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.831 CYP450 inhibitory promiscuity Low CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity 0.9303 Ames test Non AMES toxic 0.6834 Carcinogenicity Non-carcinogens 0.8861 Biodegradation Not ready biodegradable 0.9812 Rat acute toxicity 1.2715 LD50, mol/kg Not applicable hERG inhibition (predictor I) Weak inhibitor 0.9971 hERG inhibition (predictor II) Non-inhibitor 0.8686
Spectra
- Mass Spec (NIST)
- Not Available
- Spectra
- Chromatographic Properties
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
Adduct CCS Value (Å2) Source type Source [M-H]- 181.5579472 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M-H]- 182.1370472 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M-H]- 177.76091 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+H]+ 180.9790472 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+H]+ 181.0009472 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+H]+ 180.11891 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+Na]+ 180.6759472 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+Na]+ 186.81802 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
Targets
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Use our structured and evidence-based datasets to unlock newinsights and accelerate drug research.
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- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Streptococcus pneumoniae
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Removes C-terminal D-alanyl residues from sugar-peptide cell wall precursors.
- Specific Function
- serine-type D-Ala-D-Ala carboxypeptidase activity
- Gene Name
- pbp3
- Uniprot ID
- Q75Y35
- Uniprot Name
- Penicillin-binding protein 3
- Molecular Weight
- 45209.84 Da
References
- Williamson R, Hakenbeck R, Tomasz A: In vivo interaction of beta-lactam antibiotics with the penicillin-binding proteins of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1980 Oct;18(4):629-37. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Streptococcus pneumoniae (strain ATCC BAA-255 / R6)
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Cell wall formation. Synthesis of cross-linked peptidoglycan (PG) from the lipid intermediates (By similarity). Binds dansylated lipid II and catalyzes the polymerization of glycan chains (PubMed:12867450, PubMed:22487093). Hydrolyzes S2d (N-benzoyl-D-alanylmercaptoacetic acid) molecule, a synthetic thiolester analog of cell wall stem peptide (PubMed:10217767, PubMed:22487093). Active against bocillin, a fluorescent penicillin. No transpeptidase activity with non-fluorescent lysine-containing lipid II as substrate (PubMed:22487093).
- Specific Function
- acyltransferase activity
- Gene Name
- pbp2a
- Uniprot ID
- Q8DNB6
- Uniprot Name
- Penicillin-binding protein 2a
- Molecular Weight
- 80797.94 Da
References
- Williamson R, Hakenbeck R, Tomasz A: In vivo interaction of beta-lactam antibiotics with the penicillin-binding proteins of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1980 Oct;18(4):629-37. [Article]
- Mitsuoka K, Kato Y, Kubo Y, Tsuji A: Functional expression of stereoselective metabolism of cephalexin by exogenous transfection of oligopeptide transporter PEPT1. Drug Metab Dispos. 2007 Mar;35(3):356-62. Epub 2006 Dec 1. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Streptococcus pneumoniae (strain ATCC BAA-255 / R6)
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Not Available
- Specific Function
- acyltransferase activity
- Gene Name
- pbp1b
- Uniprot ID
- Q7CRA4
- Uniprot Name
- Penicillin-binding protein 1b
- Molecular Weight
- 89479.92 Da
References
- Williamson R, Hakenbeck R, Tomasz A: In vivo interaction of beta-lactam antibiotics with the penicillin-binding proteins of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1980 Oct;18(4):629-37. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Streptococcus pneumoniae (strain ATCC BAA-255 / R6)
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- A transpeptidase that forms peptide cross-links between adjacent glycan strands in cell wall peptidoglycan (PG). Part of the elongasome machinery that synthesizes peripheral PG.
- Specific Function
- penicillin binding
- Gene Name
- penA
- Uniprot ID
- P0A3M6
- Uniprot Name
- Penicillin-binding protein 2B
- Molecular Weight
- 73872.305 Da
References
- Williamson R, Hakenbeck R, Tomasz A: In vivo interaction of beta-lactam antibiotics with the penicillin-binding proteins of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1980 Oct;18(4):629-37. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Streptococcus pneumoniae (strain ATCC BAA-255 / R6)
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Cell wall formation.
- Specific Function
- penicillin binding
- Gene Name
- pbpA
- Uniprot ID
- Q8DR59
- Uniprot Name
- Penicillin-binding protein 1A
- Molecular Weight
- 79700.9 Da
References
- Williamson R, Hakenbeck R, Tomasz A: In vivo interaction of beta-lactam antibiotics with the penicillin-binding proteins of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1980 Oct;18(4):629-37. [Article]
Carriers
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- No
- Actions
- Binder
- General Function
- Binds water, Ca(2+), Na(+), K(+), fatty acids, hormones, bilirubin and drugs (Probable). Its main function is the regulation of the colloidal osmotic pressure of blood (Probable). Major zinc transporter in plasma, typically binds about 80% of all plasma zinc (PubMed:19021548). Major calcium and magnesium transporter in plasma, binds approximately 45% of circulating calcium and magnesium in plasma (By similarity). Potentially has more than two calcium-binding sites and might additionally bind calcium in a non-specific manner (By similarity). The shared binding site between zinc and calcium at residue Asp-273 suggests a crosstalk between zinc and calcium transport in the blood (By similarity). The rank order of affinity is zinc > calcium > magnesium (By similarity). Binds to the bacterial siderophore enterobactin and inhibits enterobactin-mediated iron uptake of E.coli from ferric transferrin, and may thereby limit the utilization of iron and growth of enteric bacteria such as E.coli (PubMed:6234017). Does not prevent iron uptake by the bacterial siderophore aerobactin (PubMed:6234017)
- Specific Function
- antioxidant activity
- Gene Name
- ALB
- Uniprot ID
- P02768
- Uniprot Name
- Albumin
- Molecular Weight
- 69365.94 Da
References
- Bratlid D, Bergan T: Displacement of albumin-bound antimicrobial agents by bilirubin. Pharmacology. 1976;14(5):464-72. doi: 10.1159/000136629. [Article]
- Nerli B, Romanini D, Pico G: Structural specificity requirements in the binding of beta lactam antibiotics to human serum albumin. Chem Biol Interact. 1997 May 2;104(2-3):179-202. [Article]
Transporters
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Sodium-ion dependent, high affinity carnitine transporter. Involved in the active cellular uptake of carnitine. Transports one sodium ion with one molecule of carnitine (PubMed:10454528, PubMed:10525100, PubMed:10966938, PubMed:17509700, PubMed:20722056, PubMed:33124720). Also transports organic cations such as tetraethylammonium (TEA) without the involvement of sodium. Relative uptake activity ratio of carnitine to TEA is 11.3 (PubMed:10454528, PubMed:10525100, PubMed:10966938). In intestinal epithelia, transports the quorum-sensing pentapeptide CSF (competence and sporulation factor) from Bacillus Subtilis wich induces cytoprotective heat shock proteins contributing to intestinal homeostasis (PubMed:18005709). May also contribute to regulate the transport of organic compounds in testis across the blood-testis-barrier (Probable)
- Specific Function
- (R)-carnitine transmembrane transporter activity
- Gene Name
- SLC22A5
- Uniprot ID
- O76082
- Uniprot Name
- Organic cation/carnitine transporter 2
- Molecular Weight
- 62751.08 Da
References
- Ganapathy ME, Huang W, Rajan DP, Carter AL, Sugawara M, Iseki K, Leibach FH, Ganapathy V: beta-lactam antibiotics as substrates for OCTN2, an organic cation/carnitine transporter. J Biol Chem. 2000 Jan 21;275(3):1699-707. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- SubstrateInhibitor
- General Function
- Electrogenic proton-coupled amino-acid transporter that transports oligopeptides of 2 to 4 amino acids with a preference for dipeptides. Transports neutral and monovalently charged peptides with a proton to peptide stoichiometry of 1:1 or 2:1 (By similarity) (PubMed:15521010, PubMed:18367661, PubMed:19685173, PubMed:26320580, PubMed:7896779, PubMed:8914574, PubMed:9835627). Primarily responsible for the absorption of dietary di- and tripeptides from the small intestinal lumen (By similarity). Mediates transepithelial transport of muramyl and N-formylated bacterial dipeptides contributing to recognition of pathogenic bacteria by the mucosal immune system (PubMed:15521010, PubMed:9835627)
- Specific Function
- dipeptide transmembrane transporter activity
- Gene Name
- SLC15A1
- Uniprot ID
- P46059
- Uniprot Name
- Solute carrier family 15 member 1
- Molecular Weight
- 78805.265 Da
References
- Liang R, Fei YJ, Prasad PD, Ramamoorthy S, Han H, Yang-Feng TL, Hediger MA, Ganapathy V, Leibach FH: Human intestinal H+/peptide cotransporter. Cloning, functional expression, and chromosomal localization. J Biol Chem. 1995 Mar 24;270(12):6456-63. [Article]
- Wenzel U, Gebert I, Weintraut H, Weber WM, Clauss W, Daniel H: Transport characteristics of differently charged cephalosporin antibiotics in oocytes expressing the cloned intestinal peptide transporter PepT1 and in human intestinal Caco-2 cells. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1996 May;277(2):831-9. [Article]
- Covitz KM, Amidon GL, Sadee W: Human dipeptide transporter, hPEPT1, stably transfected into Chinese hamster ovary cells. Pharm Res. 1996 Nov;13(11):1631-4. [Article]
- Han HK, Rhie JK, Oh DM, Saito G, Hsu CP, Stewart BH, Amidon GL: CHO/hPEPT1 cells overexpressing the human peptide transporter (hPEPT1) as an alternative in vitro model for peptidomimetic drugs. J Pharm Sci. 1999 Mar;88(3):347-50. [Article]
- Guo A, Hu P, Balimane PV, Leibach FH, Sinko PJ: Interactions of a nonpeptidic drug, valacyclovir, with the human intestinal peptide transporter (hPEPT1) expressed in a mammalian cell line. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1999 Apr;289(1):448-54. [Article]
- Luckner P, Brandsch M: Interaction of 31 beta-lactam antibiotics with the H+/peptide symporter PEPT2: analysis of affinity constants and comparison with PEPT1. Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2005 Jan;59(1):17-24. [Article]
- Terada T, Saito H, Mukai M, Inui K: Recognition of beta-lactam antibiotics by rat peptide transporters, PEPT1 and PEPT2, in LLC-PK1 cells. Am J Physiol. 1997 Nov;273(5 Pt 2):F706-11. [Article]
- Ganapathy ME, Brandsch M, Prasad PD, Ganapathy V, Leibach FH: Differential recognition of beta -lactam antibiotics by intestinal and renal peptide transporters, PEPT 1 and PEPT 2. J Biol Chem. 1995 Oct 27;270(43):25672-7. [Article]
- Tamai I, Nakanishi T, Hayashi K, Terao T, Sai Y, Shiraga T, Miyamoto K, Takeda E, Higashida H, Tsuji A: The predominant contribution of oligopeptide transporter PepT1 to intestinal absorption of beta-lactam antibiotics in the rat small intestine. J Pharm Pharmacol. 1997 Aug;49(8):796-801. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Proton-coupled amino-acid transporter that transports oligopeptides of 2 to 4 amino acids with a preference for dipeptides (PubMed:16434549, PubMed:18367661, PubMed:7756356). Transports neutral and anionic dipeptides with a proton to peptide stoichiometry of 2:1 or 3:1 (By similarity). In kidney, involved in the absorption of circulating di- and tripeptides from the glomerular filtrate (PubMed:7756356). Can also transport beta-lactam antibiotics, such as the aminocephalosporin cefadroxil, and other antiviral and anticancer drugs (PubMed:16434549). Transports the dipeptide-like aminopeptidase inhibitor bestatin (By similarity). Also able to transport carnosine (PubMed:31073693). Involved in innate immunity by promoting the detection of microbial pathogens by NOD-like receptors (NLRs) (By similarity). Mediates transport of bacterial peptidoglycans across the plasma membrane or, in macrophages, the phagosome membrane: catalyzes the transport of certain bacterial peptidoglycans, such as muramyl dipeptide (MDP), the NOD2 ligand (PubMed:20406817)
- Specific Function
- dipeptide transmembrane transporter activity
- Gene Name
- SLC15A2
- Uniprot ID
- Q16348
- Uniprot Name
- Solute carrier family 15 member 2
- Molecular Weight
- 81782.77 Da
References
- Liu W, Liang R, Ramamoorthy S, Fei YJ, Ganapathy ME, Hediger MA, Ganapathy V, Leibach FH: Molecular cloning of PEPT 2, a new member of the H+/peptide cotransporter family, from human kidney. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1995 May 4;1235(2):461-6. [Article]
- Ganapathy ME, Brandsch M, Prasad PD, Ganapathy V, Leibach FH: Differential recognition of beta -lactam antibiotics by intestinal and renal peptide transporters, PEPT 1 and PEPT 2. J Biol Chem. 1995 Oct 27;270(43):25672-7. [Article]
- Terada T, Saito H, Mukai M, Inui K: Recognition of beta-lactam antibiotics by rat peptide transporters, PEPT1 and PEPT2, in LLC-PK1 cells. Am J Physiol. 1997 Nov;273(5 Pt 2):F706-11. [Article]
- Luckner P, Brandsch M: Interaction of 31 beta-lactam antibiotics with the H+/peptide symporter PEPT2: analysis of affinity constants and comparison with PEPT1. Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2005 Jan;59(1):17-24. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- SubstrateInhibitor
- General Function
- Secondary active transporter that functions as a Na(+)-independent organic anion (OA)/dicarboxylate antiporter where the uptake of one molecule of OA into the cell is coupled with an efflux of one molecule of intracellular dicarboxylate such as 2-oxoglutarate or glutarate (PubMed:11669456, PubMed:11907186, PubMed:14675047, PubMed:22108572, PubMed:23832370, PubMed:28534121, PubMed:9950961). Mediates the uptake of OA across the basolateral side of proximal tubule epithelial cells, thereby contributing to the renal elimination of endogenous OA from the systemic circulation into the urine (PubMed:9887087). Functions as a biopterin transporters involved in the uptake and the secretion of coenzymes tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), dihydrobiopterin (BH2) and sepiapterin to urine, thereby determining baseline levels of blood biopterins (PubMed:28534121). Transports prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and prostaglandin F2-alpha (PGF2-alpha) and may contribute to their renal excretion (PubMed:11907186). Also mediates the uptake of cyclic nucleotides such as cAMP and cGMP (PubMed:26377792). Involved in the transport of neuroactive tryptophan metabolites kynurenate (KYNA) and xanthurenate (XA) and may contribute to their secretion from the brain (PubMed:22108572, PubMed:23832370). May transport glutamate (PubMed:26377792). Also involved in the disposition of uremic toxins and potentially toxic xenobiotics by the renal organic anion secretory pathway, helping reduce their undesired toxicological effects on the body (PubMed:11669456, PubMed:14675047). Uremic toxins include the indoxyl sulfate (IS), hippurate/N-benzoylglycine (HA), indole acetate (IA), 3-carboxy-4- methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropionate (CMPF) and urate (PubMed:14675047, PubMed:26377792). Xenobiotics include the mycotoxin ochratoxin (OTA) (PubMed:11669456). May also contribute to the transport of organic compounds in testes across the blood-testis-barrier (PubMed:35307651)
- Specific Function
- alpha-ketoglutarate transmembrane transporter activity
- Gene Name
- SLC22A6
- Uniprot ID
- Q4U2R8
- Uniprot Name
- Solute carrier family 22 member 6
- Molecular Weight
- 61815.78 Da
References
- Jung KY, Takeda M, Shimoda M, Narikawa S, Tojo A, Kim DK, Chairoungdua A, Choi BK, Kusuhara H, Sugiyama Y, Sekine T, Endou H: Involvement of rat organic anion transporter 3 (rOAT3) in cephaloridine-induced nephrotoxicity: in comparison with rOAT1. Life Sci. 2002 Mar 8;70(16):1861-74. [Article]
- Jariyawat S, Sekine T, Takeda M, Apiwattanakul N, Kanai Y, Sophasan S, Endou H: The interaction and transport of beta-lactam antibiotics with the cloned rat renal organic anion transporter 1. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1999 Aug;290(2):672-7. [Article]
- Uwai Y, Saito H, Inui K: Rat renal organic anion transporter rOAT1 mediates transport of urinary-excreted cephalosporins, but not of biliary-excreted cefoperazone. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 2002;17(2):125-9. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- Multidrug efflux pump that functions as a H(+)/organic cation antiporter (PubMed:16330770, PubMed:17509534). Plays a physiological role in the excretion of cationic compounds including endogenous metabolites, drugs, toxins through the kidney and liver, into urine and bile respectively (PubMed:16330770, PubMed:17495125, PubMed:17509534, PubMed:17582384, PubMed:18305230, PubMed:19158817, PubMed:21128598, PubMed:24961373). Mediates the efflux of endogenous compounds such as creatinine, vitamin B1/thiamine, agmatine and estrone-3-sulfate (PubMed:16330770, PubMed:17495125, PubMed:17509534, PubMed:17582384, PubMed:18305230, PubMed:19158817, PubMed:21128598, PubMed:24961373). May also contribute to regulate the transport of cationic compounds in testis across the blood-testis-barrier (Probable)
- Specific Function
- antiporter activity
- Gene Name
- SLC47A1
- Uniprot ID
- Q96FL8
- Uniprot Name
- Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1
- Molecular Weight
- 61921.585 Da
References
- Watanabe S, Tsuda M, Terada T, Katsura T, Inui K: Reduced renal clearance of a zwitterionic substrate cephalexin in MATE1-deficient mice. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2010 Aug;334(2):651-6. doi: 10.1124/jpet.110.169433. Epub 2010 May 19. [Article]
- Motohashi H, Inui K: Organic cation transporter OCTs (SLC22) and MATEs (SLC47) in the human kidney. AAPS J. 2013 Apr;15(2):581-8. doi: 10.1208/s12248-013-9465-7. Epub 2013 Feb 22. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Functions as an organic anion/dicarboxylate exchanger that couples organic anion uptake indirectly to the sodium gradient (PubMed:14586168, PubMed:15644426, PubMed:15846473, PubMed:16455804, PubMed:31553721). Transports organic anions such as estrone 3-sulfate (E1S) and urate in exchange for dicarboxylates such as glutarate or ketoglutarate (2-oxoglutarate) (PubMed:14586168, PubMed:15846473, PubMed:15864504, PubMed:22108572, PubMed:23832370). Plays an important role in the excretion of endogenous and exogenous organic anions, especially from the kidney and the brain (PubMed:11306713, PubMed:14586168, PubMed:15846473). E1S transport is pH- and chloride-dependent and may also involve E1S/cGMP exchange (PubMed:26377792). Responsible for the transport of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and prostaglandin F2(alpha) (PGF2(alpha)) in the basolateral side of the renal tubule (PubMed:11907186). Involved in the transport of neuroactive tryptophan metabolites kynurenate and xanthurenate (PubMed:22108572, PubMed:23832370). Functions as a biopterin transporters involved in the uptake and the secretion of coenzymes tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), dihydrobiopterin (BH2) and sepiapterin to urine, thereby determining baseline levels of blood biopterins (PubMed:28534121). May be involved in the basolateral transport of steviol, a metabolite of the popular sugar substitute stevioside (PubMed:15644426). May participate in the detoxification/ renal excretion of drugs and xenobiotics, such as the histamine H(2)-receptor antagonists fexofenadine and cimetidine, the antibiotic benzylpenicillin (PCG), the anionic herbicide 2,4-dichloro-phenoxyacetate (2,4-D), the diagnostic agent p-aminohippurate (PAH), the antiviral acyclovir (ACV), and the mycotoxin ochratoxin (OTA), by transporting these exogenous organic anions across the cell membrane in exchange for dicarboxylates such as 2-oxoglutarate (PubMed:11669456, PubMed:15846473, PubMed:16455804). Contributes to the renal uptake of potent uremic toxins (indoxyl sulfate (IS), indole acetate (IA), hippurate/N-benzoylglycine (HA) and 3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropionate (CMPF)), pravastatin, PCG, E1S and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), and is partly involved in the renal uptake of temocaprilat (an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor) (PubMed:14675047). May contribute to the release of cortisol in the adrenals (PubMed:15864504). Involved in one of the detoxification systems on the choroid plexus (CP), removes substrates such as E1S or taurocholate (TC), PCG, 2,4-D and PAH, from the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) to the blood for eventual excretion in urine and bile (By similarity). Also contributes to the uptake of several other organic compounds such as the prostanoids prostaglandin E(2) and prostaglandin F(2-alpha), L-carnitine, and the therapeutic drugs allopurinol, 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) (By similarity). Mediates the transport of PAH, PCG, and the statins pravastatin and pitavastatin, from the cerebrum into the blood circulation across the blood-brain barrier (BBB). In summary, plays a role in the efflux of drugs and xenobiotics, helping reduce their undesired toxicological effects on the body (By similarity)
- Specific Function
- organic anion transmembrane transporter activity
- Gene Name
- SLC22A8
- Uniprot ID
- Q8TCC7
- Uniprot Name
- Organic anion transporter 3
- Molecular Weight
- 59855.585 Da
References
- Jung KY, Takeda M, Shimoda M, Narikawa S, Tojo A, Kim DK, Chairoungdua A, Choi BK, Kusuhara H, Sugiyama Y, Sekine T, Endou H: Involvement of rat organic anion transporter 3 (rOAT3) in cephaloridine-induced nephrotoxicity: in comparison with rOAT1. Life Sci. 2002 Mar 8;70(16):1861-74. [Article]
Drug created at June 13, 2005 13:24 / Updated at October 21, 2024 12:36