Identification
- Generic Name
- Belladonna
- DrugBank Accession Number
- DB13913
- Background
Belladonna, also known as atropa belladonna or deadly nightshade, is a perennial herbaceous plant in the nightshade family Solanaceae. Its roots, leaves and fruits contain Hyoscyamine, Scopolamine, and mostly, Atropine. These alkaloids are naturally-occurring muscarinic antagonists. Atropine is a non-selective muscarinic antagonist that is mainly used as an adjunct for anaesthesia. The name "belladonna" originates from the Italian words "beautiful woman" and the historical use of herb eye-drops by women to dilate the pupils of the eyes for aesthetic purposes. Belladonna is a poisonous plant and belladonna intoxication from accidental ingestion may result in a severe anticholinergic syndrome, which is associated with both central and peripheral manifestations 1.
- Type
- Biotech
- Groups
- Approved, Experimental
- Synonyms
- Atropa belladona
- Atropa belladonna
- Deadly nightshade
Pharmacology
- Indication
No therapeutic indications.
Reduce drug development failure ratesBuild, train, & validate machine-learning modelswith evidence-based and structured datasets.Build, train, & validate predictive machine-learning models with structured datasets.- Associated Conditions
Indication Type Indication Combined Product Details Approval Level Age Group Patient Characteristics Dose Form Used in combination for symptomatic treatment of Acid reflux Combination Product in combination with: Aluminium glycinate (DB13626) •••••••••••• ••••••• •••••••• Used in combination to treat Bloating Combination Product in combination with: Activated charcoal (DB09278), Magnesium hydroxide (DB09104), Peppermint oil (DB11198) ••• ••• •••••• Used in combination to treat Heartburn Combination Product in combination with: Peppermint oil (DB11198), Activated charcoal (DB09278), Magnesium hydroxide (DB09104) ••• ••• •••••• Used in combination to manage Menopausal symptoms Combination Product in combination with: Phenobarbital (DB01174), Ergotamine (DB00696) •••••••••••• ••••• Used in combination to treat Poisoning of the intestine Combination Product in combination with: Magnesium hydroxide (DB09104), Peppermint oil (DB11198), Activated charcoal (DB09278) ••• ••• •••••• - Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
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The active components of belladonna mediate anticholinergic actions. The main effects include inhibition of secretions such as dry mouth, tachycardia, pupillary dilation and paralysis of accommodation, relaxation of smooth muscles in the gut, bronchi, biliary tract and bladder (urinary retention), and inhibition of gastric acid secretion 3. Atropine is a stimulant of the central nervous system 3.
- Mechanism of action
The active components of belladonna act as competitive antagonists at muscarinic receptors and block the binding of acetylcholine to the central nervous system and parasympathetic postganglionic muscarinic receptors 1.
- Absorption
For pharmacokinetic information of the active ingredients, refer to Atropine, Hyoscyamine, or Scopolamine.
- Volume of distribution
For pharmacokinetic information of the active ingredients, refer to Atropine, Hyoscyamine, or Scopolamine.
- Protein binding
For pharmacokinetic information of the active ingredients, refer to Atropine, Hyoscyamine, or Scopolamine.
- Metabolism
For pharmacokinetic information of the active ingredients, refer to Atropine, Hyoscyamine, or Scopolamine.
- Route of elimination
For pharmacokinetic information of the active ingredients, refer to Atropine, Hyoscyamine, or Scopolamine.
- Half-life
For pharmacokinetic information of the active ingredients, refer to Atropine, Hyoscyamine, or Scopolamine.
- Clearance
For pharmacokinetic information of the active ingredients, refer to Atropine, Hyoscyamine, or Scopolamine.
- Adverse Effects
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Oral LD50 of atropine is 75 mg/kg in mouse. Clinical manifestations of anticholinergic syndrome include both central and peripheral effects. Central symptoms, which are dose-dependent and anticholinergic agent-specific, include ataxia, disorientation, short-term memory loss, confusion, hallucinations, psychosis, agitated delirium, seizures, coma, respiratory failure or cardiovascular collapse 1. Peripheral effects include mydriasis with cycloplegia, dry mucous membranes, hyperreflexia, flushed skin, diminished bowel sounds or ileus, urinary retention, tachycardia, and hypertension or hypotension 1. Management of anticholinergic intoxication should be symptomatic including gastrointestinal decontamination with activated charcoal 1. The antidote for belladonna poisoning is Physostigmine, which is the same as for atropine 1. Physosigmine crosses the blood-brain barrier and reversibly inhibits anticholinesterase. Benzodiazepines are frequently used for sedation to control anticholinergic effects including delirium and agitation 2.
- Pathways
- Not Available
- Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
- Not Available
Interactions
- Drug Interactions
- This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
Drug Interaction Integrate drug-drug
interactions in your softwareAclidinium The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Belladonna is combined with Aclidinium. Alfentanil The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Belladonna is combined with Alfentanil. Amantadine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Amantadine is combined with Belladonna. Ambenonium The therapeutic efficacy of Belladonna can be decreased when used in combination with Ambenonium. Amitriptyline The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Belladonna is combined with Amitriptyline. - Food Interactions
- No interactions found.
Products
Drug product information from 10+ global regionsOur datasets provide approved product information including:dosage, form, labeller, route of administration, and marketing period.Access drug product information from over 10 global regions.- Brand Name Prescription Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Belladone Tct Tincture .03 % Oral Laboratoire Atlas Inc 1951-12-31 2006-06-14 Canada 
- Over the Counter Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image HE WEI PILL Pill 0.00045 g ห้างหุ้นส่วนจำกัด ห้างขายยาลี้บ้วนซัว (ตราตกเบ็ด) 2010-07-09 Not applicable Thailand 
- Mixture Products
Name Ingredients Dosage Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Bellergal Spacetabs Belladonna (0.2 mg) + Ergotamine tartrate (0.6 mg) + Phenobarbital (40.0 mg) Tablet, extended release Oral Paladin Labs Inc 1959-01-01 2018-06-05 Canada Bellergal Tab Belladonna (.1 mg / tab) + Ergotamine tartrate (.3 mg / tab) + Phenobarbital (20 mg / tab) Tablet Oral Sandoz 1951-12-31 1997-08-12 Canada BIOGASTRIN TOZ, 60 G Belladonna (20 mg) + Anise oil (5 mg) + Calcium carbonate (500 mg) + Kaolin (300 mg) + Sodium bicarbonate (250 mg) Oral BİOFARMA İLAÇ SAN. VE TİC. A.Ş. 1968-05-24 Not applicable Turkey 
Cafergot Pb Sup Belladonna (0.25 mg / sup) + Caffeine (100 mg / sup) + Ergotamine tartrate (2 mg / sup) + Pentobarbital (60 mg / sup) Suppository Rectal Novartis 1958-12-31 2003-01-15 Canada Cafergot Pb Tab Belladonna (0.125 mg / tab) + Caffeine (100 mg / tab) + Ergotamine tartrate (1 mg / tab) + Pentobarbital Sodium (30 mg / tab) Tablet Oral Novartis 1951-12-31 1999-08-04 Canada - Unapproved/Other Products
Name Ingredients Dosage Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Belladonna and Opium Belladonna (16.2 mg/1) + Opium (30 mg/1) Suppository Rectal bryant ranch prepack 1994-05-01 Not applicable US 
Belladonna and Opium Belladonna (16.2 mg/1) + Opium (60 mg/1) Suppository Rectal Legacy Pharma Inc. 2020-04-29 Not applicable US Belladonna and Opium Belladonna (16.2 mg/1) + Opium (30 mg/1) Suppository Rectal bryant ranch prepack 1994-05-01 Not applicable US Belladonna and Opium Belladonna (16.2 mg/1) + Opium (30 mg/1) Suppository Rectal Padagis US LLC 1994-05-01 Not applicable US Belladonna and Opium Belladonna (16.2 mg/1) + Opium (30 mg/1) Suppository Rectal Legacy Pharma Inc. 2020-04-29 Not applicable US
Categories
- Drug Categories
- Classification
- Not classified
- Affected organisms
- Not Available
Chemical Identifiers
- UNII
- WQZ3G9PF0H
- CAS number
- Not Available
References
- General References
- Berdai MA, Labib S, Chetouani K, Harandou M: Atropa belladonna intoxication: a case report. Pan Afr Med J. 2012;11:72. Epub 2012 Apr 17. [Article]
- Demirhan A, Tekelioglu UY, Yildiz I, Korkmaz T, Bilgi M, Akkaya A, Kocoglu H: Anticholinergic Toxic Syndrome Caused by Atropa Belladonna Fruit (Deadly Nightshade): A Case Report. Turk J Anaesthesiol Reanim. 2013 Dec;41(6):226-8. doi: 10.5152/TJAR.2013.43. Epub 2013 May 23. [Article]
- 13. (2012). In Rang and Dale's Pharmacology (7th ed., pp. 159-161). Edinburgh: Elsevier/Churchill Livingstone. [ISBN:978-0-7020-3471-8]
- External Links
- 89781
- Wikipedia
- Belladonna
Clinical Trials
- Clinical Trials
Phase Status Purpose Conditions Count 4 Completed Prevention Neurogenic Bladder / Overactive Bladder Syndrome (OABS) / Painful Bladder Syndrome (PBS) / Urinary Urge Incontinence (UUI) 1 4 Completed Treatment Hysterectomy / Postoperative pain 1 4 Completed Treatment Kidney Stones 1 4 Completed Treatment Pain 1 4 Completed Treatment Urinary Tract Infection 1
Pharmacoeconomics
- Manufacturers
- Not Available
- Packagers
- Not Available
- Dosage Forms
Form Route Strength Tablet, coated Oral Tincture Oral .03 % Suppository Rectal Tablet, extended release Oral Tablet Oral 6 mg Tablet Pill 0.00045 g Tablet Oral Suspension Pill Tablet - Prices
- Not Available
- Patents
- Not Available
Properties
- State
- Solid
- Experimental Properties
- Not Available
Drug created at September 22, 2017 20:50 / Updated at April 23, 2024 11:38