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Intracellular Signalling Through FSH Receptor and Follicle Stimulating Hormone
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000333SignalingIn the ovary, the FSH receptor is necessary for follicular development and is expressed on the granulosa cells.
Intracellular Signalling Through LHCGR Receptor and Luteinizing Hormone/Choriogonadotropin
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000338SignalingLHCGRs are found in the ovary, testis, and many extragonadal tissues.In the ovary, the LHCG receptor is necessary for follicular maturation and ovulation, as well as luteal function. … In the male the LHCGR has been identified on the Leydig cells that are critical for testosterone production, and support spermatogenesis.
Metabolism and Physiological Effects of N-Acetyl-3-Methylhistidine
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0126795MetabolicN-Acetyl-3-methylhistidine, an N-acetyl-L-amino acid, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as histidine and derivatives. … N-Acetyl-3-methylhistidine is an acetylated derivative of 3-methylhistidine and a very strong basic compound (based on its pKa).
Metabolism and Physiological Effects of N-alpha-Acetyl-L-arginine
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0125530MetabolicArginnosuccinate is synthesized from citrulline and aspartic acid by the enzyme argininosuccinate synthase. That is catalyzed by argininosuccinate lyase to produce arginine and fumaric acid. … In the blood it works as a uremic toxin to cause kidney damage, cardiovascular disease and neurological deficits.
Drugs: Pyridoxal phosphate · Arginine · Aspartic acid · Ornithine · L-Glutamine · Adenosine phosphate +10 moreZiconotide NMDA and Substance P Receptor Pain Inhibition Action Pathway
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0126347Drug actionsuch as intrathecal morphine and systemic analgesics. … This causes downstream nociceptive neuronal activity and pain perception. Substance P and CGRP both also induce inflammation, further exasperating chronic pain.
Icosapent Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1 and 2 anti-inflammatory Action Pathway
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0126557Drug actionIcosapent is an important polyunsaturated fatty acid (eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)). It is mostly found in fish oils. … This molecule also inhibits the arachidonic acid conversion into the thromboxane-2 and prostaglandin-2 families because it inhibits the prostaglandin G/H synthase 1 and 2 (COX-1 and COX-2).
Citric Acid Cycle
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000057MetabolicThe citric acid cycle is named after citrate or citric acid, a tricarboxylic acid that is both consumed and regenerated through this pathway. … Additionally, ATP inhibits citrate synthase and alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase. Calcium is another important regulator of the citric acid cycle.
Peginterferon alfa-2a Action Pathway
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0125981Drug actionPeginterferon alfa-2a activate interferon alpha receptors 1 and 2 (IFNAR1 and IFNAR2) which are associated with tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2) and JAK1 respectively. … They act through IKKa and IKKb to drive NFKB induction of genes associated with survival signals, antigen processing and presentation, and proliferation.
Drugs: Peginterferon alfa-2aEnzymes: Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, Signal transducer and activator of transcription 2Peginterferon alfa-2b Action Pathway
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0126026Drug actionIts immunomodulatory effects are the enhancement of the phagocytic activity, the activation of NK cells, the stimulation of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, and the upregulation of the Th1 T-helper cell subset … It is also used as an adjuvant treatment of melanoma with microscopic or gross nodal involvement within 84 days of definitive surgical resection.
Drugs: Peginterferon alfa-2bEnzymes: Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, Signal transducer and activator of transcription 2Interferon beta-1a Action Pathway
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0126027Drug actionThey act through IKKa and IKKb to drive NFKB induction of genes associated with survival signals, antigen processing and presentation, and proliferation. … These transphosphorylate themselves and phosphorylate the IFNAR and IFNAR2c. This receptor complex also phosphorylates STAT3 homodimers.
Drugs: Interferon beta-1aEnzymes: Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, Signal transducer and activator of transcription 2