Displaying drugs 526 - 550 of 3577 in total
3-hydroxyanthranilic acid
An oxidation product of tryptophan metabolism. It may be a free radical scavenger and a carcinogen.
Experimental
Matched Synonyms: … 2-Amino-3-hydroxy-benzoic acid ... 2-Amino-3-Hydroxybenzoic Acid ... 3-Oxyanthranilic acid …
Matched Name: … 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid …
Matched Iupac: … 2-amino-3-hydroxybenzoic acid …
Matched Description: … It may be a free radical scavenger and a carcinogen. …
Matched Categories: … Acids, Carbocyclic ... Hydroxy Acids ... Carboxylic Acids …
Matched Name: … 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid …
Matched Iupac: … 2-amino-3-hydroxybenzoic acid …
Matched Description: … It may be a free radical scavenger and a carcinogen. …
Matched Categories: … Acids, Carbocyclic ... Hydroxy Acids ... Carboxylic Acids …
1-Naphthylamine-5-sulfonic acid
Experimental
Matched Synonyms: … 1-Amino-5-naphthalenesufonic acid ... 1-Amino-5-sulfonaphthalene ... Laurent acid …
Matched Name: … 1-Naphthylamine-5-sulfonic acid …
Matched Iupac: … 5-aminonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid …
Matched Categories: … Sulfur Acids ... Arylsulfonic Acids ... Sulfonic Acids …
Matched Name: … 1-Naphthylamine-5-sulfonic acid …
Matched Iupac: … 5-aminonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid …
Matched Categories: … Sulfur Acids ... Arylsulfonic Acids ... Sulfonic Acids …
3-Phosphono-D-alanine
Experimental
Matched Synonyms: … (S)-2-Amino-3-phosphonopropanoic acid ... D-2-Amino-3-phosphonopropionic acid …
Matched Iupac: … (2S)-2-amino-3-phosphonopropanoic acid …
Matched Iupac: … (2S)-2-amino-3-phosphonopropanoic acid …
Clopidogrel
Clopidogrel is a prodrug of a platelet inhibitor used to reduce the risk of myocardial infarction and stroke.[A180508,L7213] Clopidogrel is indicated to reduce the risk of myocardial infarction for patients with non-ST elevated acute coronary syndrome (ACS), patients with ST-elevated myocardial infarction, and in recent MI, stroke, or established peripheral...
Approved
Matched Description: … Clopidogrel is a prodrug of a platelet inhibitor used to reduce the risk of myocardial infarction and ... with non-ST elevated acute coronary syndrome (ACS), patients with ST-elevated myocardial infarction, and ... be superior to [aspirin] in reducing cardiovascular outcomes in patients with cardiovascular disease and …
Matched Mixtures name: … Clopidogrel/acetylsalicylic Acid Mylan ... Clopidogrel/acetylsalicylic Acid Mylan ... Clopidogrel/acetylsalicylic Acid Mylan …
Matched Categories: … Blood and Blood Forming Organs …
Matched Products: … CLOPIDOGREL ACINO ... Clopidogrel Acino ... CLOPIDOGREL ACINO PHARMA …
Matched Mixtures name: … Clopidogrel/acetylsalicylic Acid Mylan ... Clopidogrel/acetylsalicylic Acid Mylan ... Clopidogrel/acetylsalicylic Acid Mylan …
Matched Categories: … Blood and Blood Forming Organs …
Matched Products: … CLOPIDOGREL ACINO ... Clopidogrel Acino ... CLOPIDOGREL ACINO PHARMA …
Formic acid
Formic acid (systematically called methanoic acid) is the simplest carboxylic acid. It is an important intermediate in chemical synthesis and occurs naturally, most famously in the venom of bee and ant stings. It is commonly used as a preservative and antibacterial agent in livestock feed.
Experimental
Investigational
Matched Synonyms: … Aminic acid ... Formic acid ... Acide formique …
Matched Name: … Formic acid …
Matched Iupac: … formic acid …
Matched Description: … of bee and ant stings. ... It is commonly used as a preservative and antibacterial agent in livestock feed. ... It is an important intermediate in chemical synthesis and occurs naturally, most famously in the venom …
Matched Categories: … Acids, Acyclic ... Carboxylic Acids …
Matched Name: … Formic acid …
Matched Iupac: … formic acid …
Matched Description: … of bee and ant stings. ... It is commonly used as a preservative and antibacterial agent in livestock feed. ... It is an important intermediate in chemical synthesis and occurs naturally, most famously in the venom …
Matched Categories: … Acids, Acyclic ... Carboxylic Acids …
Iocetamic acid
Iocetamic acid is a diagnostic aid (radiopaque medium)
Approved
Matched Synonyms: … Iocetamic acid ... Acido iocetamico ... Acidum iocetamicum …
Matched Name: … Iocetamic acid …
Matched Iupac: … 3-[N-(3-amino-2,4,6-triiodophenyl)acetamido]-2-methylpropanoic acid …
Matched Description: … Iocetamic acid is a diagnostic aid (radiopaque medium) …
Matched Categories: … iocetamic acid …
Matched Name: … Iocetamic acid …
Matched Iupac: … 3-[N-(3-amino-2,4,6-triiodophenyl)acetamido]-2-methylpropanoic acid …
Matched Description: … Iocetamic acid is a diagnostic aid (radiopaque medium) …
Matched Categories: … iocetamic acid …
Aminosalicylic acid
An antitubercular agent often administered in association with isoniazid. The sodium salt of the drug is better tolerated than the free acid.
Approved
Matched Synonyms: … 4-amino-2-hydroxybenzoic acid ... para-amino salicylic acid ... Aminosalicylic acid …
Matched Name: … Aminosalicylic acid …
Matched Iupac: … 4-amino-2-hydroxybenzoic acid …
Matched Description: … The sodium salt of the drug is better tolerated than the free acid. …
Matched Categories: … Aminosalicylic Acid and Derivatives ... Acids, Carbocyclic ... Hydroxy Acids ... Carboxylic Acids ... Aminosalicylic Acids …
Matched Name: … Aminosalicylic acid …
Matched Iupac: … 4-amino-2-hydroxybenzoic acid …
Matched Description: … The sodium salt of the drug is better tolerated than the free acid. …
Matched Categories: … Aminosalicylic Acid and Derivatives ... Acids, Carbocyclic ... Hydroxy Acids ... Carboxylic Acids ... Aminosalicylic Acids …
Lagerstroemia indica whole
Lagerstroemia indica whole is a plant/plant extract used in some OTC (over-the-counter) products. It is not an approved drug.
Experimental
Matched Synonyms: … Banaba Whole …
Mycophenolic acid
Mycophenolic acid is a potent immunosuppressant agent that inhibits de novo purine biosynthesis. It was derived from Penicillium stoloniferum, and has also shown antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral properties. . Mycophenolic acid is used in immunosuppressive regimens as part of a triple therapy that includes a calcineurin inhibitor (ciclosporin or tacrolimus)...
Approved
Investigational
Matched Synonyms: … Acido micofenolico ... Mycophenolic acid ... Micofenolico acido …
Matched Name: … Mycophenolic acid …
Matched Iupac: … (4E)-6-(4-hydroxy-6-methoxy-7-methyl-3-oxo-1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-5-yl)-4-methylhex-4-enoic acid …
Matched Description: … [A249180] However, mycophenolic acid treatment is more expensive and requires therapeutic drug monitoring ... and antiviral properties. ... to optimize efficacy and minimize toxicity. …
Matched Categories: … Mycophenolic Acid and Prodrugs ... Antineoplastic and Immunomodulating Agents ... Acids, Acyclic ... Fatty Acids ... Carboxylic Acids …
Matched Products: … Mycophenolic Acid ... Apo-mycophenolic Acid ... Mar-mycophenolic Acid …
Matched Name: … Mycophenolic acid …
Matched Iupac: … (4E)-6-(4-hydroxy-6-methoxy-7-methyl-3-oxo-1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-5-yl)-4-methylhex-4-enoic acid …
Matched Description: … [A249180] However, mycophenolic acid treatment is more expensive and requires therapeutic drug monitoring ... and antiviral properties. ... to optimize efficacy and minimize toxicity. …
Matched Categories: … Mycophenolic Acid and Prodrugs ... Antineoplastic and Immunomodulating Agents ... Acids, Acyclic ... Fatty Acids ... Carboxylic Acids …
Matched Products: … Mycophenolic Acid ... Apo-mycophenolic Acid ... Mar-mycophenolic Acid …
Valine
Valine is a branched-chain essential amino acid that has stimulant activity. It promotes muscle growth and tissue repair. It is a precursor in the penicillin biosynthetic pathway.
Approved
Nutraceutical
Matched Synonyms: … 2-Amino-3-methylbutyric acid ... (2S)-2-Amino-3-methylbutanoic acid ... L-alpha-Amino-beta-methylbutyric acid …
Matched Iupac: … (2S)-2-amino-3-methylbutanoic acid …
Matched Description: … Valine is a branched-chain essential amino acid that has stimulant activity. ... It promotes muscle growth and tissue repair. …
Matched Mixtures name: … Aminosyn II and Dextrose ... Aminosyn II and Dextrose ... Travasol Amino Acid Inj 8.5% …
Matched Categories: … Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins ... Amino Acids ... Amino Acids, Essential ... Amino Acids, Branched-Chain ... Proteinogenic Amino Acids …
Matched Iupac: … (2S)-2-amino-3-methylbutanoic acid …
Matched Description: … Valine is a branched-chain essential amino acid that has stimulant activity. ... It promotes muscle growth and tissue repair. …
Matched Mixtures name: … Aminosyn II and Dextrose ... Aminosyn II and Dextrose ... Travasol Amino Acid Inj 8.5% …
Matched Categories: … Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins ... Amino Acids ... Amino Acids, Essential ... Amino Acids, Branched-Chain ... Proteinogenic Amino Acids …
Meadowfoam seed oil
Meadowfoam seed oil is a plant/plant extract used in some OTC (over-the-counter) products. It is not an approved drug.
Experimental
Matched Synonyms: … White Meadowfoam Seed Oil …
Arginine
An essential amino acid that is physiologically active in the L-form.
Investigational
Nutraceutical
Matched Synonyms: … (S)-2-Amino-5-guanidinovaleric acid ... (2S)-2-amino-5-guanidinopentanoic acid ... (S)-2-amino-5-guanidinopentanoic acid …
Matched Iupac: … (2S)-2-amino-5-carbamimidamidopentanoic acid …
Matched Description: … An essential amino acid that is physiologically active in the L-form. …
Matched Mixtures name: … Aminosyn II and Dextrose ... Aminosyn II and Dextrose ... Travasol Amino Acid Inj 8.5% …
Matched Categories: … Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins ... Amino Acids ... Amino Acids, Basic ... Amino Acids, Diamino ... Proteinogenic Amino Acids …
Matched Iupac: … (2S)-2-amino-5-carbamimidamidopentanoic acid …
Matched Description: … An essential amino acid that is physiologically active in the L-form. …
Matched Mixtures name: … Aminosyn II and Dextrose ... Aminosyn II and Dextrose ... Travasol Amino Acid Inj 8.5% …
Matched Categories: … Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins ... Amino Acids ... Amino Acids, Basic ... Amino Acids, Diamino ... Proteinogenic Amino Acids …
Valerian
Valerian is extracted from a herb that is a perennial flowering plant. Valerian root is reported to have sedative and anxiolytic effects however its mechanism of action is not completely understood. Valerian has been used in the treatment of conditions including sleep disorders, anxiety, attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and joint...
Approved
Experimental
Investigational
Matched Description: … [DB00313] is a derivative of valeric acid, which is obtained from the plant root. ... Valerian root is reported to have sedative and anxiolytic effects however its mechanism of action is ... treatment of conditions including sleep disorders, anxiety, attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and …
Matched Mixtures name: … Valerian and Hops Tablets ... Sanhelios Valerian Pearls and Hops …
Matched Categories: … Hypnotics and Sedatives ... Herbs and Natural Products ... Miscellaneous Anxiolytics Sedatives and Hypnotics …
Matched Products: … Unisom Natural Source …
Matched Mixtures name: … Valerian and Hops Tablets ... Sanhelios Valerian Pearls and Hops …
Matched Categories: … Hypnotics and Sedatives ... Herbs and Natural Products ... Miscellaneous Anxiolytics Sedatives and Hypnotics …
Matched Products: … Unisom Natural Source …
6-hydroxynorleucine
Experimental
Matched Synonyms: … 2-Amino-6-hydroxycaproic acid ... alpha-Amino-epsilon-hydroxycaproic acid …
Matched Iupac: … (2S)-2-amino-6-hydroxyhexanoic acid …
Matched Categories: … Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins ... Amino Acids …
Matched Iupac: … (2S)-2-amino-6-hydroxyhexanoic acid …
Matched Categories: … Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins ... Amino Acids …
Iocarmic acid
Experimental
Matched Synonyms: … Iocarmic acid ... Acido iocarmico ... Acidum iocarmicum …
Matched Name: … Iocarmic acid …
Matched Iupac: … 2,4,6-triiodo-5-(methylcarbamoyl)phenyl]carbamoyl}pentanamido)-2,4,6-triiodo-5-(methylcarbamoyl)benzoic acid …
Matched Categories: … Amino Sugars ... Acids, Carbocyclic ... Carboxylic Acids ... iocarmic acid ... Triiodobenzoic Acids …
Matched Name: … Iocarmic acid …
Matched Iupac: … 2,4,6-triiodo-5-(methylcarbamoyl)phenyl]carbamoyl}pentanamido)-2,4,6-triiodo-5-(methylcarbamoyl)benzoic acid …
Matched Categories: … Amino Sugars ... Acids, Carbocyclic ... Carboxylic Acids ... iocarmic acid ... Triiodobenzoic Acids …
Benzoin resin
Benzoin resin is a balsamic resin obtained from the bark of several species of trees in the genus Styrax. There are two common kinds of benzoin, benzoin Siam and benzoin Sumatra, that are obtained from different species of the Styrax tree. While benzoin resin is used as a common ingredient...
Approved
Matched Synonyms: … Benzoin resin, unspecified …
Matched Description: … While benzoin resin is used as a common ingredient in incense-making and perfumery, it is also used clinically ... There are two common kinds of benzoin, benzoin Siam and benzoin Sumatra, that are obtained from different ... as a mild antiseptic agent in over-the-counter products to clean sores, cuts, wounds, and skin abrasions …
Matched Description: … While benzoin resin is used as a common ingredient in incense-making and perfumery, it is also used clinically ... There are two common kinds of benzoin, benzoin Siam and benzoin Sumatra, that are obtained from different ... as a mild antiseptic agent in over-the-counter products to clean sores, cuts, wounds, and skin abrasions …
Iron
A metallic element found in certain minerals, in nearly all soils, and in mineral waters. It is an essential constituent of hemoglobin, cytochrome, and other components of respiratory enzyme systems. Its chief functions are in the transport of oxygen to tissue (hemoglobin) and in cellular oxidation mechanisms. Depletion of iron...
Approved
Matched Description: … A metallic element found in certain minerals, in nearly all soils, and in mineral waters. ... It is an essential constituent of hemoglobin, cytochrome, and other components of respiratory enzyme ... Its chief functions are in the transport of oxygen to tissue (hemoglobin) and in cellular oxidation mechanisms …
Matched Mixtures name: … Reaphirm Plant Source DHA ... Folivane-Plus with Ascorbic Acid Precursors ... Multi Vitamin, Iron and Fluoride …
Matched Categories: … iron, vitamin B12 and folic acid ... iron, multivitamins and folic acid ... Alimentary Tract and Metabolism ... Diet, Food, and Nutrition ... Blood and Blood Forming Organs …
Matched Products: … Iron Amino Chelate Tab 37mg …
Matched Mixtures name: … Reaphirm Plant Source DHA ... Folivane-Plus with Ascorbic Acid Precursors ... Multi Vitamin, Iron and Fluoride …
Matched Categories: … iron, vitamin B12 and folic acid ... iron, multivitamins and folic acid ... Alimentary Tract and Metabolism ... Diet, Food, and Nutrition ... Blood and Blood Forming Organs …
Matched Products: … Iron Amino Chelate Tab 37mg …
Phenibut
Experimental
Matched Synonyms: … 4-amino-3-phenylbutyric acid …
Matched Iupac: … 4-amino-3-phenylbutanoic acid …
Matched Categories: … Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins ... Amino Acids ... Hypnotics and Sedatives ... Psychostimulants, Agents Used for ADHD and Nootropics ... Acids, Acyclic …
Matched Iupac: … 4-amino-3-phenylbutanoic acid …
Matched Categories: … Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins ... Amino Acids ... Hypnotics and Sedatives ... Psychostimulants, Agents Used for ADHD and Nootropics ... Acids, Acyclic …
Fluciclovine
Fluciclovine is under investigation in clinical trial NCT03036943 (Fluciclovine (18F) Imaging of Breast Cancer).
Investigational
Matched Synonyms: … Anti-1-amino-3-18F-fluorocyclobutane-1-carboxylic acid ... Cyclobutanecarboxylic acid, 1-amino-3-fluoro-, trans- …
Matched Iupac: … (1r,3r)-1-amino-3-fluorocyclobutane-1-carboxylic acid …
Matched Iupac: … (1r,3r)-1-amino-3-fluorocyclobutane-1-carboxylic acid …
Hydrogen iodide
Experimental
Matched Synonyms: … Hydriodic acid ... Acide iodhydrique ... Acido yodhidrico …
Methionine
A sulfur containing essential amino acid that is important in many body functions. It is a chelating agent for heavy metals.
Approved
Nutraceutical
Matched Synonyms: … L-a-Amino-g-methylthiobutyric acid ... (S)-2-amino-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid ... (S)-2-amino-4-(methylthio)butyric acid …
Matched Iupac: … (2S)-2-amino-4-(methylsulfanyl)butanoic acid …
Matched Description: … A sulfur containing essential amino acid that is important in many body functions. …
Matched Mixtures name: … Aminosyn II and Dextrose ... Aminosyn II and Dextrose ... Men's Biomultiple Vitamin and Mineral Supplement …
Matched Categories: … Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins ... Amino Acids ... Amino Acids, Neutral ... Amino Acids, Essential ... Amino Acids, Sulfur …
Matched Iupac: … (2S)-2-amino-4-(methylsulfanyl)butanoic acid …
Matched Description: … A sulfur containing essential amino acid that is important in many body functions. …
Matched Mixtures name: … Aminosyn II and Dextrose ... Aminosyn II and Dextrose ... Men's Biomultiple Vitamin and Mineral Supplement …
Matched Categories: … Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins ... Amino Acids ... Amino Acids, Neutral ... Amino Acids, Essential ... Amino Acids, Sulfur …
BEA-17
BEA-17 is a small molecule targeted degrader of the epigenetic enzyme LSD1 and its co-factor CoREST. It is under investigation for the treatment of glioblastoma.
Investigational
Matched Name: … BEA-17 …
Matched Description: … BEA-17 is a small molecule targeted degrader of the epigenetic enzyme LSD1 and its co-factor CoREST. …
Matched Description: … BEA-17 is a small molecule targeted degrader of the epigenetic enzyme LSD1 and its co-factor CoREST. …
Pantothenic acid
Pantothenic acid, also called pantothenate or vitamin B5 (a B vitamin), is a water-soluble vitamin discovered by Roger J. Williams in 1919. For many animals, pantothenic acid is an essential nutrient as it is required to synthesize coenzyme-A (CoA), as well as to synthesize and metabolize proteins, carbohydrates, and fats....
Approved
Nutraceutical
Vet approved
Matched Synonyms: … D-pantothenic acid ... (+)-Pantothenic acid …
Matched Name: … Pantothenic acid …
Matched Iupac: … 3-[(2R)-2,4-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutanamido]propanoic acid …
Matched Description: … Pantothenic acid is the amide between pantoic acid and β-alanine and commonly found as its alcohol analog ... For many animals, pantothenic acid is an essential nutrient as it is required to synthesize coenzyme-A ... Only the dextrorotatory (D) isomer of pantothenic acid possesses biological activity. while the levorotatory …
Matched Mixtures name: … Bear Essentials ... Natural Source Spectrum With Beta Carotene ... D'pantothenic Acid-B1-B2 Tab …
Matched Categories: … Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins ... Amino Acids ... Alimentary Tract and Metabolism ... Preparations for Treatment of Wounds and Ulcers …
Matched Products: … PANTOTHENIC ACID ... Pantothenic Acid ... Pantothenic Acid 100mg …
Matched Name: … Pantothenic acid …
Matched Iupac: … 3-[(2R)-2,4-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutanamido]propanoic acid …
Matched Description: … Pantothenic acid is the amide between pantoic acid and β-alanine and commonly found as its alcohol analog ... For many animals, pantothenic acid is an essential nutrient as it is required to synthesize coenzyme-A ... Only the dextrorotatory (D) isomer of pantothenic acid possesses biological activity. while the levorotatory …
Matched Mixtures name: … Bear Essentials ... Natural Source Spectrum With Beta Carotene ... D'pantothenic Acid-B1-B2 Tab …
Matched Categories: … Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins ... Amino Acids ... Alimentary Tract and Metabolism ... Preparations for Treatment of Wounds and Ulcers …
Matched Products: … PANTOTHENIC ACID ... Pantothenic Acid ... Pantothenic Acid 100mg …
Acetohydroxamic acid
Acetohydroxamic Acid, a synthetic drug derived from hydroxylamine and ethyl acetate, is similar in structure to urea. In the urine, it acts as an antagonist of the bacterial enzyme urease. Acetohydroxamic Acid has no direct antimicrobial action and does not acidify urine directly. It is used, in addition to antibiotics...
Approved
Matched Synonyms: … Acetic acid, oxime ... Acetohydroxamic acid ... Acetohydroximic acid …
Matched Name: … Acetohydroxamic acid …
Matched Description: … Acetohydroxamic Acid, a synthetic drug derived from hydroxylamine and ethyl acetate, is similar in structure ... Acetohydroxamic Acid has no direct antimicrobial action and does not acidify urine directly. …
Matched Categories: … Genito Urinary System and Sex Hormones ... Amines ... Hydroxy Acids ... Carboxylic Acids ... acetohydroxamic acid …
Matched Name: … Acetohydroxamic acid …
Matched Description: … Acetohydroxamic Acid, a synthetic drug derived from hydroxylamine and ethyl acetate, is similar in structure ... Acetohydroxamic Acid has no direct antimicrobial action and does not acidify urine directly. …
Matched Categories: … Genito Urinary System and Sex Hormones ... Amines ... Hydroxy Acids ... Carboxylic Acids ... acetohydroxamic acid …
Cysteine
A thiol-containing non-essential amino acid that is oxidized to form cystine.
Approved
Nutraceutical
Matched Synonyms: … (2R)-2-amino-3-mercaptopropanoic acid ... (2R)-2-amino-3-sulfanylpropanoic acid ... (R)-2-Amino-3-mercaptopropanoic acid …
Matched Iupac: … (2R)-2-amino-3-sulfanylpropanoic acid …
Matched Description: … A thiol-containing non-essential amino acid that is oxidized to form cystine. …
Matched Mixtures name: … Premasol - sulfite-free (Amino Acid) ... Premasol - sulfite-free (Amino Acid) ... PRIMENE 10% AMINO ACID INTRAVENOUS INFUSION …
Matched Categories: … Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins ... Amino Acids ... Amino Acids, Neutral ... Amino Acids, Sulfur ... Proteinogenic Amino Acids …
Matched Iupac: … (2R)-2-amino-3-sulfanylpropanoic acid …
Matched Description: … A thiol-containing non-essential amino acid that is oxidized to form cystine. …
Matched Mixtures name: … Premasol - sulfite-free (Amino Acid) ... Premasol - sulfite-free (Amino Acid) ... PRIMENE 10% AMINO ACID INTRAVENOUS INFUSION …
Matched Categories: … Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins ... Amino Acids ... Amino Acids, Neutral ... Amino Acids, Sulfur ... Proteinogenic Amino Acids …
Displaying drugs 526 - 550 of 3577 in total