Identification
- Summary
Menotropins is a purified combination of human luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone used to treat female infertility.
- Brand Names
- Menopur
- Generic Name
- Menotropins
- DrugBank Accession Number
- DB00032
- Background
Menotropins contains follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) purified from the urine of postmenopausal women. It is used as a fertility medication that is injected either subcutaneously or intramuscularly. It is composed of LH with 2 subunits, alpha = 92 residues, beta = 121 residues and FSH with 2 subunits, alpha = 92 residues, beta=111 residues.
- Type
- Biotech
- Groups
- Approved
- Biologic Classification
- Protein Based Therapies
Hormones - Protein Structure
- Protein Chemical Formula
- C1014H1609N287O294S27
- Protein Average Weight
- 23390.3 Da
- Sequences
>AlphaChain (LH) APDVQDCPECTLQENPFFSQPGAPILQCMGCCFSRAYPTPLRSKKTMLVQKNVTSESTCC VAKSYNRVTVMGGFKVENHTACHCSTCYYHKS
>BetaChain (LH) SREPLRPWCHPINAILAVEKEGCPVCITVNTTICAGYCPTMMRVLQAVLPPLPQVVCTYR DVRFESIRLPGCPRGVDPVVSFPVALSCRCGPCRRSTSDCGGPKDHPLTCDHPQLSGLLF L
>AlphaChain (FSH) APDVQDCPECTLQENPFFSQPGAPILQCMGCCFSRAYPTPLRSKKTMLVQKNVTSESTCC VAKSYNRVTVMGGFKVENHTACHCSTCYYHKS
>BetaChain (FSH) NSCELTNITIAIEKEECRFCISINTTWCAGYCYTRDLVYKDPARPKIQKTCTFKELVYET VRVPGCAHHADSLYTYPVATQCHCGKCDSDSTDCTVRGLGPSYCSFGEMKE
Download FASTA Format- Synonyms
- Human menopausal gonadotrophin
- Menotrophin
- Menotropin
- Menotropina
- Menotropins (FSH;LH)
Pharmacology
- Indication
For the treatment of female infertility
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- Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
Avoid life-threatening adverse drug eventsImprove clinical decision support with information on contraindications & blackbox warnings, population restrictions, harmful risks, & more.Avoid life-threatening adverse drug events & improve clinical decision support.- Pharmacodynamics
Used to treat female infertility, Menotropins stimulates late follicular maturation and resumption of oocyte meiosis, and initiates rupture of the pre-ovulatory ovarian follicle. Menotropins bind to the LH/hCG/FSH receptor of the granulosa and theca cells of the ovary to effect these changes in the absence of an endogenous LH surge.
- Mechanism of action
Being a combination drug, Menotropins bind to the follicle stimulating hormone receptor (FSH), which results in ovulation in the absence of sufficient endogenous luteinizing hormone (LH). It also binds the LH receptor, thereby stimulating proper hormone release. The drug contains both FSH and LH, therefore, it induces ovarian follicular growth and development as well as gonadal steroid production in women who do not have ovarian failure. FSH is the primary driver of follicular recruitment and growth in early folliculogenesis, while LH is important for ovarian steroidogenesis and is involved in the physiological events leading to development of a competent pre-ovulatory follicle.
Target Actions Organism AFollicle-stimulating hormone receptor binderHumans ALutropin-choriogonadotropic hormone receptor Not Available Humans - Absorption
Not Available
- Volume of distribution
Not Available
- Protein binding
Not Available
- Metabolism
- Not Available
- Route of elimination
Not Available
- Half-life
Not Available
- Clearance
Not Available
- Adverse Effects
Improve decision support & research outcomesWith structured adverse effects data, including: blackbox warnings, adverse reactions, warning & precautions, & incidence rates.Improve decision support & research outcomes with our structured adverse effects data.- Toxicity
Not Available
- Pathways
- Not Available
- Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
- Not Available
Interactions
- Drug Interactions
- This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.No interactions found.
- Food Interactions
- No interactions found.
Products
Drug product information from 10+ global regionsOur datasets provide approved product information including:dosage, form, labeller, route of administration, and marketing period.Access drug product information from over 10 global regions.- Brand Name Prescription Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Menopur Powder, for solution 75 unit / vial Subcutaneous Ferring Pharmaceuticals 2006-09-19 Not applicable Canada 
Repronex Powder, for solution 75 unit / vial Intramuscular; Subcutaneous Ferring Pharmaceuticals 2003-08-28 2019-04-23 Canada
Categories
- ATC Codes
- G03GA02 — Human menopausal gonadotrophin
- G03GA — Gonadotropins
- G03G — GONADOTROPINS AND OTHER OVULATION STIMULANTS
- G03 — SEX HORMONES AND MODULATORS OF THE GENITAL SYSTEM
- G — GENITO URINARY SYSTEM AND SEX HORMONES
- Drug Categories
- Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins
- Biological Products
- Complex Mixtures
- Fertility Agents
- Fertility Agents, Female
- Genito Urinary System and Sex Hormones
- Gonadotropins
- Gonadotropins and Antigonadotropins
- Gonadotropins, Pituitary
- Hormones
- Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists
- Peptide Hormones
- Peptides
- Pituitary Hormones
- Pituitary Hormones, Anterior
- Reproductive Control Agents
- Sex Hormones and Modulators of the Genital System
- Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
- Description
- Not Available
- Kingdom
- Organic Compounds
- Super Class
- Organic Acids
- Class
- Carboxylic Acids and Derivatives
- Sub Class
- Amino Acids, Peptides, and Analogues
- Direct Parent
- Peptides
- Alternative Parents
- Not Available
- Substituents
- Not Available
- Molecular Framework
- Not Available
- External Descriptors
- Not Available
- Affected organisms
- Humans and other mammals
Chemical Identifiers
- UNII
- 8FYM5179QJ
- CAS number
- 9002-68-0
References
- General References
- Not Available
- External Links
- UniProt
- P01229
- Genbank
- X00264
- PubChem Substance
- 46504503
- ChEMBL
- CHEMBL2108427
- Therapeutic Targets Database
- DAP001027
- PharmGKB
- PA164749406
- RxList
- RxList Drug Page
- Drugs.com
- Drugs.com Drug Page
- Wikipedia
- Menotropin
- FDA label
- Download (175 KB)
Clinical Trials
- Clinical Trials
Phase Status Purpose Conditions Count 4 Completed Health Services Research Female Infertility 1 4 Completed Treatment Anovulatory cycle / Infertility 1 4 Completed Treatment Egg Donation 1 4 Completed Treatment Female Infertility 2 4 Completed Treatment Fertility / Optimal Stimulation Protocol / Reproductive Endocrinology 1 4 Completed Treatment Infertility 8 4 Completed Treatment Infertility / Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) 1 4 Completed Treatment Ovarian Stimulation Preceding Intrauterine Insemination 1 4 Completed Treatment Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) 1 4 Terminated Treatment Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) 1
Pharmacoeconomics
- Manufacturers
- Not Available
- Packagers
- Ferring Pharmaceuticals Inc.
- Dosage Forms
Form Route Strength Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution Intramuscular 150 IU Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution Intramuscular 75 IU Injection Intramuscular; Subcutaneous 150 IU Injection, powder, for solution Intramuscular 75 IU/ampoule Powder, for solution Subcutaneous 75 unit / vial Injection, powder, for solution Parenteral Injection, powder, for solution Injection, powder, for solution Subcutaneous Injection, powder, for solution Intramuscular; Subcutaneous 1200 IU Injection, powder, for solution Intramuscular; Subcutaneous 600 IU Injection Intramuscular 75 IU Injection, powder, for solution Intramuscular; Subcutaneous 150 IU Injection, powder, for solution Intramuscular; Subcutaneous 75 IU Injection, solution Parenteral 150 iu Injection, powder, for solution 1200 UI Injection, powder, for solution 600 UI Injection, powder, for solution Parenteral 75 IU Injection, solution Parenteral 1200 I.U. Injection, solution Parenteral 600 I.U. Injection, solution Parenteral 75 IU Powder, for solution Intramuscular; Subcutaneous 75 unit / vial Injection, powder, for solution 1200 IU Injection, powder, for solution 600 IU Powder 75 IU Powder 150 IU - Prices
Unit description Cost Unit Repronex 5 75 unit Solution 1 Box Contains Five 1ml Vials 488.04USD box Menopur 75 unit vial 93.85USD vial Repronex 75 unit vial 93.85USD vial DrugBank does not sell nor buy drugs. Pricing information is supplied for informational purposes only.- Patents
- Not Available
Properties
- State
- Liquid
- Experimental Properties
Property Value Source melting point (°C) 55 °C Forastieri, H., Ingham, K.C. J. Biol. Chem. 257:7976-7981 (1982) hydrophobicity -0.063 Not Available isoelectric point 8.44 Not Available
Targets
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- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- Actions
- Binder
- General Function
- G-protein coupled peptide receptor activity
- Specific Function
- Receptor for follicle-stimulating hormone. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylate cyclase. Induces cAMP production through the activation of PI3K-AKT and S...
- Gene Name
- FSHR
- Uniprot ID
- P23945
- Uniprot Name
- Follicle-stimulating hormone receptor
- Molecular Weight
- 78264.07 Da
References
- Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [Article]
- Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [Article]
- van de Weijer BH, Mulders JW, Bos ES, Verhaert PD, van den Hooven HW: Compositional analyses of a human menopausal gonadotrophin preparation extracted from urine (menotropin). Identification of some of its major impurities. Reprod Biomed Online. 2003 Nov;7(5):547-57. [Article]
- Olive DL: The role of gonadotropins in ovulation induction. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1995 Feb;172(2 Pt 2):759-65. [Article]
- Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- General Function
- Luteinizing hormone receptor activity
- Specific Function
- Receptor for lutropin-choriogonadotropic hormone. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylate cyclase.
- Gene Name
- LHCGR
- Uniprot ID
- P22888
- Uniprot Name
- Lutropin-choriogonadotropic hormone receptor
- Molecular Weight
- 78642.01 Da
References
- Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [Article]
- Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [Article]
- van de Weijer BH, Mulders JW, Bos ES, Verhaert PD, van den Hooven HW: Compositional analyses of a human menopausal gonadotrophin preparation extracted from urine (menotropin). Identification of some of its major impurities. Reprod Biomed Online. 2003 Nov;7(5):547-57. [Article]
- Olive DL: The role of gonadotropins in ovulation induction. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1995 Feb;172(2 Pt 2):759-65. [Article]
Drug created at June 13, 2005 13:24 / Updated at January 31, 2023 12:54