N-Acetylglucosamine

Identification

Generic Name
N-Acetylglucosamine
DrugBank Accession Number
DB00141
Background

The N-acetyl derivative of glucosamine.

Type
Small Molecule
Groups
Approved, Investigational, Nutraceutical
Structure
Weight
Average: 221.2078
Monoisotopic: 221.089937217
Chemical Formula
C8H15NO6
Synonyms
  • 2-Acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucose
  • aldehydo-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine
  • D-GlcNAc
  • N-Acetyl-D-glucosamine
  • N-Acetylchitosamine
External IDs
  • NSC-400525
  • NSC-524344

Pharmacology

Indication

For the treatment and prevention of osteoarthritis, by itself or in combination with chondroitin sulfate.

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Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
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Pharmacodynamics

Not Available

Mechanism of action

The mechanism of action in relieving arthritic pain and in repair of cartilage is a matter of speculation. Biochemically, glucosamine is involved in glycoprotein metabolism. Glycoproteins, known as proteoglycans, form the ground substance in the extra-cellular matrix of connective tissue. Proteoglycans are polyanionic substances of high-molecular weight and contain many different types of heteropolysaccharide side-chains covalently linked to a polypeptide-chain backbone. These polysaccharides make up to 95% of the proteoglycan structure. In fact, chemically, proteoglycans resemble polysaccharides more than they do proteins. The polysaccharide groups in proteoglycans are called glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). GAGs include hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate, keratan sulfate, heparin and heparan sulfate. All of the GAGs contain derivatives of glucosamine or galactosamine. Glucosamine derivatives are found in hyaluronic acid, keratan sulfate and heparan sulfate. Chondroitin sulfate contains derivatives of galactosamine. The glucosamine-containing glycosaminoglycan hyaluronic acid is vital for the function of articular cartilage. GAG chains are fundamental components of aggrecan found in articular cartilage. Aggrecan confers upon articular cartilage shock-absorbing properties. It does this by providing cartilage with a swelling pressure that is restrained by the tensile forces of collagen fibers. This balance confers upon articular cartilage the deformable resilience vital to its function. In the early stages of degenerative joint disease, aggrecan biosynthesis is increased. However, in later stages, aggrecan synthesis is decreased, leading eventually to the loss of cartilage resiliency and to most of the symptoms that accompany osteoarthritis. During the progression of osteoarthritis, exogenous glucosamine may have a beneficial role. It is known that, in vitro, chondrocytes do synthesize more aggregan when the culture medium is supplemented with glucosamine. N-acetylglucosamine is found to be less effective in these in vitro studies. Glucosamine has also been found to have antioxidant activity and to be beneficial in animal models of experimental arthritis. The counter anion of the glucosamine salt (i.e. chloride or sulfate) is unlikely to play any role in the action or pharmacokinetics of glucosamine. Further, the sulfate in glucosamine sulfate supplements should not be confused with the glucosamine sulfate found in such GAGs as keratan sulfate and heparan sulfate. In the case of the supplement, sulfate is the anion of the salt. In the case of the above GAGs, sulfate is present as an ester. Also, there is no glucosamine sulfate in chondroitin sulfate (source: PDRhealth).

TargetActionsOrganism
UBeta-1,4-galactosyltransferase 1Not AvailableHumans
UBeta-1,4-galactosyltransferase 4Not AvailableHumans
UN-acetyl-D-glucosamine kinaseNot AvailableHumans
UN-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphodiester alpha-N-acetylglucosaminidaseNot AvailableHumans
UAlpha-N-acetylglucosaminidase
activator
Humans
UN-acylglucosamine 2-epimeraseNot AvailableHumans
Absorption

Approximately 90% of orally administered glucosamine (salt form) gets absorbed from the small intestine.

Volume of distribution

Not Available

Protein binding

Not Available

Metabolism

A significant fraction of ingested glucosamine is catabolized by first-pass metabolism in the liver.

Route of elimination

Not Available

Half-life

Not Available

Clearance

Not Available

Adverse Effects
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Toxicity

Mouse, intravenous LD50 is 4170 mg/kg. Side effects that have been reported are mainly mild gastrointestinal complaints such as heartburn, epigastric distress and diarrhea. No allergic reactions have been reported including sulfa-allergic reactions to glucosamine sulfate.

Pathways
PathwayCategory
Amino Sugar MetabolismMetabolic
G(M2)-Gangliosidosis: Variant B, Tay-Sachs DiseaseDisease
Sialuria or French Type SialuriaDisease
Sialuria or French Type SialuriaDisease
Salla Disease/Infantile Sialic Acid Storage DiseaseDisease
Tay-Sachs DiseaseDisease
Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
Not Available

Interactions

Drug Interactions
This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
Not Available
Food Interactions
No interactions found.

Products

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Mixture Products
NameIngredientsDosageRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
ACTS38 BoswelliaGelN-Acetylglucosamine (0.1 g/100mL) + Centella asiatica (0.01 g/100mL) + Sodium hyaluronate (0.01 g/100mL) + Indian frankincense (1.2 g/100mL)GelTopicalA-Lot Biologics Inc2022-09-07Not applicableUS flag
ACTS38 BoswelliaGel (100ml)N-Acetylglucosamine (0.1 g/100mL) + Centella asiatica (0.01 g/100mL) + Sodium hyaluronate (0.01 g/100mL) + Indian frankincense (1.2 g/100mL)GelTopicalA-Lot Biologics Inc2022-10-23Not applicableUS flag
Cheon Shim Bo YunN-Acetylglucosamine (263 mg/1) + D-alpha-Tocopherol acetate (3 mg/1) + Soy isoflavones (30 mg/1)CapsuleOralSaimdang Cosmetics Co., Ltd2010-11-08Not applicableUS flag
Ginsamin BeautyN-Acetylglucosamine (200 mg/2000mg) + Ginkgo biloba (150 mg/2000mg) + Ginseng (150 mg/2000mg) + Hyaluronic acid (60 mg/2000mg)GranuleOralBiogrand Co., Ltd2010-03-07Not applicableUS flag
Goodoh EnergyCreamN-Acetylglucosamine (1 g/100mL) + Dimethyl sulfone (1 g/100mL)CreamTopicalPowerfulX2021-05-24Not applicableUS flag
Unapproved/Other Products
NameIngredientsDosageRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
ACTS38 BoswelliaGelN-Acetylglucosamine (0.1 g/100mL) + Centella asiatica (0.01 g/100mL) + Sodium hyaluronate (0.01 g/100mL) + Indian frankincense (1.2 g/100mL)GelTopicalA-Lot Biologics Inc2022-09-07Not applicableUS flag
ACTS38 BoswelliaGel (100ml)N-Acetylglucosamine (0.1 g/100mL) + Centella asiatica (0.01 g/100mL) + Sodium hyaluronate (0.01 g/100mL) + Indian frankincense (1.2 g/100mL)GelTopicalA-Lot Biologics Inc2022-10-23Not applicableUS flag
Cheon Shim Bo YunN-Acetylglucosamine (263 mg/1) + D-alpha-Tocopherol acetate (3 mg/1) + Soy isoflavones (30 mg/1)CapsuleOralSaimdang Cosmetics Co., Ltd2010-11-08Not applicableUS flag
Ginsamin BeautyN-Acetylglucosamine (200 mg/2000mg) + Ginkgo biloba (150 mg/2000mg) + Ginseng (150 mg/2000mg) + Hyaluronic acid (60 mg/2000mg)GranuleOralBiogrand Co., Ltd2010-03-07Not applicableUS flag
Goodoh EnergyCreamN-Acetylglucosamine (1 g/100mL) + Dimethyl sulfone (1 g/100mL)CreamTopicalPowerfulX2021-05-24Not applicableUS flag

Categories

Drug Categories
Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
Description
This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as hexoses. These are monosaccharides in which the sugar unit is a is a six-carbon containing moeity.
Kingdom
Organic compounds
Super Class
Organic oxygen compounds
Class
Organooxygen compounds
Sub Class
Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates
Direct Parent
Hexoses
Alternative Parents
Aminosaccharides / Beta-hydroxy aldehydes / Acetamides / Secondary carboxylic acid amides / Secondary alcohols / Polyols / Primary alcohols / Organopnictogen compounds / Organonitrogen compounds / Organic oxides
show 1 more
Substituents
Acetamide / Alcohol / Aldehyde / Aliphatic acyclic compound / Amino saccharide / Beta-hydroxy aldehyde / Carbonyl group / Carboxamide group / Carboxylic acid derivative / Hexose monosaccharide
show 9 more
Molecular Framework
Aliphatic acyclic compounds
External Descriptors
N-acetylglucosamine (CHEBI:17411)
Affected organisms
  • Humans and other mammals

Chemical Identifiers

UNII
V956696549
CAS number
7512-17-6
InChI Key
MBLBDJOUHNCFQT-LXGUWJNJSA-N
InChI
InChI=1S/C8H15NO6/c1-4(12)9-5(2-10)7(14)8(15)6(13)3-11/h2,5-8,11,13-15H,3H2,1H3,(H,9,12)/t5-,6+,7+,8+/m0/s1
IUPAC Name
N-[(2R,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5,6-tetrahydroxy-1-oxohexan-2-yl]acetamide
SMILES
[H]C(=O)[C@H](NC(C)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO

References

Synthesis Reference

Naoko Yamano, Shizu Fujishima, Ryutarou Tanaka, "N-acetyl-D-glucosamine deacetylase and a process for preparing the same." U.S. Patent USH00014532, issued October, 1993.

USH00014532
General References
Not Available
Human Metabolome Database
HMDB0062641
KEGG Compound
C00140
PubChem Compound
1738118
PubChem Substance
46509139
ChemSpider
1376695
BindingDB
50223349
RxNav
1362871
ChEBI
17411
ChEMBL
CHEMBL4303483
ZINC
ZINC000002077807
Therapeutic Targets Database
DAP000872
PharmGKB
PA164752287
PDBe Ligand
NAG
PDRhealth
PDRhealth Drug Page
Wikipedia
N-Acetylglucosamine
MSDS
Download (73.5 KB)

Clinical Trials

Clinical Trials
PhaseStatusPurposeConditionsCount
3Unknown StatusTreatmentIrritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)1
2, 3Unknown StatusTreatmentIrritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)1
1TerminatedTreatmentPGM31

Pharmacoeconomics

Manufacturers
Not Available
Packagers
  • Gallipot
Dosage Forms
FormRouteStrength
GelTopical
CapsuleOral
GranuleOral
CreamTopical
Prices
Unit descriptionCostUnit
Acetyl-d-glucosamine powder3.75USD g
DrugBank does not sell nor buy drugs. Pricing information is supplied for informational purposes only.
Patents
Not Available

Properties

State
Solid
Experimental Properties
PropertyValueSource
melting point (°C)205 °CNot Available
logP-2.1Not Available
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility148.0 mg/mLALOGPS
logP-2.1ALOGPS
logP-3.9Chemaxon
logS-0.18ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)12.09Chemaxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-1.8Chemaxon
Physiological Charge0Chemaxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count6Chemaxon
Hydrogen Donor Count5Chemaxon
Polar Surface Area127.09 Å2Chemaxon
Rotatable Bond Count6Chemaxon
Refractivity48.45 m3·mol-1Chemaxon
Polarizability20.49 Å3Chemaxon
Number of Rings0Chemaxon
Bioavailability1Chemaxon
Rule of FiveYesChemaxon
Ghose FilterNoChemaxon
Veber's RuleNoChemaxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemaxon
Predicted ADMET Features
PropertyValueProbability
Human Intestinal Absorption+0.7511
Blood Brain Barrier+0.7394
Caco-2 permeable-0.8423
P-glycoprotein substrateNon-substrate0.7321
P-glycoprotein inhibitor INon-inhibitor0.8669
P-glycoprotein inhibitor IINon-inhibitor0.8873
Renal organic cation transporterNon-inhibitor0.971
CYP450 2C9 substrateNon-substrate0.7733
CYP450 2D6 substrateNon-substrate0.8286
CYP450 3A4 substrateNon-substrate0.6654
CYP450 1A2 substrateNon-inhibitor0.9215
CYP450 2C9 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.9064
CYP450 2D6 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.9409
CYP450 2C19 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.944
CYP450 3A4 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.9473
CYP450 inhibitory promiscuityLow CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity0.9766
Ames testNon AMES toxic0.7108
CarcinogenicityNon-carcinogens0.9044
BiodegradationReady biodegradable0.9048
Rat acute toxicity1.5975 LD50, mol/kg Not applicable
hERG inhibition (predictor I)Weak inhibitor0.995
hERG inhibition (predictor II)Non-inhibitor0.9616
ADMET data is predicted using admetSAR, a free tool for evaluating chemical ADMET properties. (23092397)

Spectra

Mass Spec (NIST)
Not Available
Spectra
SpectrumSpectrum TypeSplash Key
GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (1 MEOX; 5 TMS)GC-MSsplash10-0pvi-1931000000-fa145dffe949e1d8fc54
GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (1 MEOX; 4 TMS)GC-MSsplash10-0lmr-2972000000-0672da151d0105b7b011
GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (1 MEOX; 5 TMS)GC-MSsplash10-1000-2941000000-6e4ded528b518089efcb
Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MSPredicted GC-MSsplash10-03di-9410000000-fde7b53bfdaa0df8ff8e
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0w2i-1910000000-c348449eec153b12386e
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0a5i-9300000000-8cbf53b57cce70732738
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-06z0-9100000000-93524618bac76229090e
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0a4i-9200000000-ccd6228fdfb65b36559e
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-03di-9100000000-4eede620fa0223ce32d2
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0a4i-9000000000-e5ee60861f32fb089d74
Predicted 1H NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
Predicted 13C NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
Chromatographic Properties
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
AdductCCS Value (Å2)Source typeSource
[M-H]-156.1280534
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M-H]-151.0250534
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M-H]-151.8310534
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M-H]-153.79567
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+H]+156.7294534
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+H]+149.3978534
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+H]+150.9421534
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+H]+156.15367
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+Na]+156.0833534
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+Na]+149.4013534
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+Na]+150.2739534
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+Na]+163.11307
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)

Targets

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Use our structured and evidence-based datasets to unlock new
insights and accelerate drug research.
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Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Udp-galactosyltransferase activity
Specific Function
The Golgi complex form catalyzes the production of lactose in the lactating mammary gland and could also be responsible for the synthesis of complex-type N-linked oligosaccharides in many glycoprot...
Gene Name
B4GALT1
Uniprot ID
P15291
Uniprot Name
Beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase 1
Molecular Weight
43919.895 Da
References
  1. Ramakrishnan B, Boeggeman E, Qasba PK: Mutation of arginine 228 to lysine enhances the glucosyltransferase activity of bovine beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase I. Biochemistry. 2005 Mar 8;44(9):3202-10. [Article]
  2. Ramasamy V, Ramakrishnan B, Boeggeman E, Ratner DM, Seeberger PH, Qasba PK: Oligosaccharide preferences of beta1,4-galactosyltransferase-I: crystal structures of Met340His mutant of human beta1,4-galactosyltransferase-I with a pentasaccharide and trisaccharides of the N-glycan moiety. J Mol Biol. 2005 Oct 14;353(1):53-67. [Article]
  3. Boeggeman E, Ramakrishnan B, Kilgore C, Khidekel N, Hsieh-Wilson LC, Simpson JT, Qasba PK: Direct identification of nonreducing GlcNAc residues on N-glycans of glycoproteins using a novel chemoenzymatic method. Bioconjug Chem. 2007 May-Jun;18(3):806-14. Epub 2007 Mar 20. [Article]
  4. Hidalgo A, Burgos V, Viola H, Medina J, Argibay P: Differential expression of glycans in the hippocampus of rats trained on an inhibitory learning paradigm. Neuropathology. 2006 Dec;26(6):501-7. [Article]
  5. Ramakrishnan B, Boeggeman E, Qasba PK: Effect of the Met344His mutation on the conformational dynamics of bovine beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase: crystal structure of the Met344His mutant in complex with chitobiose. Biochemistry. 2004 Oct 5;43(39):12513-22. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
N-acetyllactosamine synthase activity
Specific Function
Responsible for the synthesis of complex-type N-linked oligosaccharides in many glycoproteins as well as the carbohydrate moieties of glycolipids.
Gene Name
B4GALT4
Uniprot ID
O60513
Uniprot Name
Beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase 4
Molecular Weight
40040.865 Da
References
  1. Bulter T, Schumacher T, Namdjou DJ, Gutierrez Gallego R, Clausen H, Elling L: Chemoenzymatic synthesis of biotinylated nucleotide sugars as substrates for glycosyltransferases. Chembiochem. 2001 Dec 3;2(12):884-94. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
N-acylmannosamine kinase activity
Specific Function
Converts endogenous N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc), a major component of complex carbohydrates, from lysosomal degradation or nutritional sources into GlcNAc 6-phosphate. Involved in the N-glycolylne...
Gene Name
NAGK
Uniprot ID
Q9UJ70
Uniprot Name
N-acetyl-D-glucosamine kinase
Molecular Weight
37375.305 Da
References
  1. Weihofen WA, Berger M, Chen H, Saenger W, Hinderlich S: Structures of human N-Acetylglucosamine kinase in two complexes with N-Acetylglucosamine and with ADP/glucose: insights into substrate specificity and regulation. J Mol Biol. 2006 Dec 1;364(3):388-99. Epub 2006 Sep 3. [Article]
  2. Uehara T, Park JT: The N-acetyl-D-glucosamine kinase of Escherichia coli and its role in murein recycling. J Bacteriol. 2004 Nov;186(21):7273-9. [Article]
  3. An HJ, Kim DS, Park YK, Kim SK, Choi YP, Kang S, Ding B, Cho NH: Comparative proteomics of ovarian epithelial tumors. J Proteome Res. 2006 May;5(5):1082-90. [Article]
  4. Yang C, Rodionov DA, Li X, Laikova ON, Gelfand MS, Zagnitko OP, Romine MF, Obraztsova AY, Nealson KH, Osterman AL: Comparative genomics and experimental characterization of N-acetylglucosamine utilization pathway of Shewanella oneidensis. J Biol Chem. 2006 Oct 6;281(40):29872-85. Epub 2006 Jul 20. [Article]
  5. Nishimasu H, Fushinobu S, Shoun H, Wakagi T: Crystal structures of an ATP-dependent hexokinase with broad substrate specificity from the hyperthermophilic archaeon Sulfolobus tokodaii. J Biol Chem. 2007 Mar 30;282(13):9923-31. Epub 2007 Jan 17. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphodiester alpha-n-acetylglucosaminidase activity
Specific Function
Catalyzes the second step in the formation of the mannose 6-phosphate targeting signal on lysosomal enzyme oligosaccharides by removing GlcNAc residues from GlcNAc-alpha-P-mannose moieties, which a...
Gene Name
NAGPA
Uniprot ID
Q9UK23
Uniprot Name
N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphodiester alpha-N-acetylglucosaminidase
Molecular Weight
56072.49 Da
References
  1. Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [Article]
  2. Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [Article]
  3. Mullis KG, Huynh M, Kornfeld RH: Purification and kinetic parameters of bovine liver N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphodiester alpha-N-acetylglucosaminidase. J Biol Chem. 1994 Jan 21;269(3):1718-26. [Article]
  4. Chavez CA, Bohnsack RN, Kudo M, Gotschall RR, Canfield WM, Dahms NM: Domain 5 of the cation-independent mannose 6-phosphate receptor preferentially binds phosphodiesters (mannose 6-phosphate N-acetylglucosamine ester). Biochemistry. 2007 Nov 6;46(44):12604-17. Epub 2007 Oct 10. [Article]
  5. Kornfeld R, Bao M, Brewer K, Noll C, Canfield WM: Purification and multimeric structure of bovine N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphodiester alpha-N-acetylglucosaminidase. J Biol Chem. 1998 Sep 4;273(36):23203-10. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Activator
General Function
Alpha-n-acetylglucosaminidase activity
Specific Function
Involved in the degradation of heparan sulfate.
Gene Name
NAGLU
Uniprot ID
P54802
Uniprot Name
Alpha-N-acetylglucosaminidase
Molecular Weight
82264.92 Da
References
  1. Spiro RG: Role of N-linked polymannose oligosaccharides in targeting glycoproteins for endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2004 May;61(9):1025-41. [Article]
  2. Nogawa M, Takahashi H, Kashiwagi A, Ohshima K, Okada H, Morikawa Y: Purification and Characterization of Exo-beta-d-Glucosaminidase from a Cellulolytic Fungus, Trichoderma reesei PC-3-7. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1998 Mar;64(3):890-5. [Article]
  3. Vishu Kumar AB, Varadaraj MC, Gowda LR, Tharanathan RN: Characterization of chito-oligosaccharides prepared by chitosanolysis with the aid of papain and Pronase, and their bactericidal action against Bacillus cereus and Escherichia coli. Biochem J. 2005 Oct 15;391(Pt 2):167-75. [Article]
  4. Zou L, Yang S, Hu S, Chaudry IH, Marchase RB, Chatham JC: The protective effects of PUGNAc on cardiac function after trauma-hemorrhage are mediated via increased protein O-GlcNAc levels. Shock. 2007 Apr;27(4):402-8. [Article]
  5. Shirazi F, Kulkarni M, Deshpande MV: A rapid and sensitive method for screening of chitinase inhibitors using Ostazin Brilliant Red labelled chitin as a substrate for chitinase assay. Lett Appl Microbiol. 2007 Jun;44(6):660-5. [Article]
  6. Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
N-acylglucosamine 2-epimerase activity
Specific Function
Catalyzes the interconversion of N-acetylglucosamine to N-acetylmannosamine. Binds to renin forming a protein complex called high molecular weight (HMW) renin and inhibits renin activity. Involved ...
Gene Name
RENBP
Uniprot ID
P51606
Uniprot Name
N-acylglucosamine 2-epimerase
Molecular Weight
48830.6 Da
References
  1. Lee YC, Wu HM, Chang YN, Wang WC, Hsu WH: The central cavity from the (alpha/alpha)6 barrel structure of Anabaena sp. CH1 N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 2-epimerase contains two key histidine residues for reversible conversion. J Mol Biol. 2007 Mar 30;367(3):895-908. Epub 2006 Nov 6. [Article]
  2. Lee YC, Chien HC, Hsu WH: Production of N-acetyl-D-neuraminic acid by recombinant whole cells expressing Anabaena sp. CH1 N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 2-epimerase and Escherichia coli N-acetyl-D-neuraminic acid lyase. J Biotechnol. 2007 May 1;129(3):453-60. Epub 2007 Feb 9. [Article]
  3. Takahashi S, Ogasawara H, Hiwatashi K, Hata K, Hori K, Koizumi Y, Sugiyama T: Amino acid residues conferring the nucleotide binding properties of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 2-epimerase (renin binding protein). Biomed Res. 2005 Jun;26(3):117-21. [Article]
  4. Ferrero MA, Martinez-Blanco H, Lopez-Velasco FF, Ezquerro-Saenz C, Navasa N, Lozano S, Rodriguez-Aparicio LB: Purification and characterization of GlcNAc-6-P 2-epimerase from Escherichia coli K92. Acta Biochim Pol. 2007;54(2):387-99. Epub 2007 Jun 14. [Article]

Drug created at June 13, 2005 13:24 / Updated at January 02, 2024 23:42