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Hyaluronic acid
Identification
- Name
- Hyaluronic acid
- Accession Number
- DB08818
- Description
Hyaluronic acid (HA) is an anionic, nonsulfated glycosaminoglycan distributed widely throughout connective, epithelial, and neural tissues. It is unique among glycosaminoglycans in that it is nonsulfated, forms in the plasma membrane instead of the Golgi, and can be very large, with its molecular weight often reaching the millions. One of the chief components of the extracellular matrix, hyaluronic acid contributes significantly to cell proliferation and migration, and may also be involved in the progression of some malignant tumors.
- Type
- Small Molecule
- Groups
- Approved, Vet approved
- Structure
Structure for Hyaluronic acid (DB08818)
- Weight
- Average: 776.6486
Monoisotopic: 776.233485724 - Chemical Formula
- C28H44N2O23
- Synonyms
- Hyaluronan
- Hyaluronate
Pharmacology
- Indication
Used to treat knee pain in patients with joint inflammation (osteoarthritis). It is usually used in patients who have not responded to other treatments such as acetaminophen, exercise, or physical therapy. Hyaluronic acid may also be used in plastic surgery to reduce wrinkles on the face or as a filler in other parts of the body. May be used in ophthalmology to assist in the extraction of cataracts, the implantation of intraocular lenses, corneal transplants, glaucoma filtration, retinal attachment and in the treatment of dry eyes. Finally, hyaluronic acid is also used to coat the bladder lining in treating interstitial cystitis.
- Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
Learn about our commercial Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings data.
Learn More- Pharmacodynamics
Hyaluronic acid is similar to a substance that occurs naturally in the joints. It may work by acting as a lubricant and shock absorber in the joint, helping the knee to move smoothly, thereby lessening pain.
- Mechanism of action
Hyaluronic acid performs its activities as a tissue lubricant and hence, it is thought to be key in the modulation of interactions between adjacent tissues. Hyaluronic acid is a polysaccharide which is distributed widely in the extracellular matrix of connective tissue in man. It forms a viscoelastic solution in water which makes it suitable for aqueous and vitreous humor in ophthalmic surgery. It is suggested to provide mechanical protection for ocular tissues and cell layers due to its high viscosity. The elasticity of the solutions of hyaluronic acid can assist in the absorption of mechanical stress and the generation of a protective buffer for the tissues. This viscoelasticity enables maintenance of a deep chamber during surgical manipulation since the solution does not flow out of the open anterior chamber.
In the area of wound healing, hyaluronic acid acts as a protective vehicle that allows the transport of peptide growth factors and other structural proteins to the site of action. After promoting the transport of key molecules, it is enzymatically degraded and the transported proteins are released to promote tissue repair.
Hyaluronic acid is being used intra-articularly to treat osteoarthritis. Cell receptors that have been identified for hyaluronic acid fall into three main groups: CD44, Receptor for Hyaluronan-mediated motility (RHAMM) and intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1).
CD44 mediates cell interaction with hyaluronic acid and the binding of the two functions as an important part in various physiologic events, such as cell aggregation, migration, proliferation and activation; cell-cell and cell-substrate adhesion; endocytosis of hyaluronic acid, which leads to hyaluronic acid catabolism in macrophages; and assembly of petircellular matrices from HA and proteoglycan. CD44 has two important roles in skin, regulation of keratinocyte proliferation in response to extracellular stimuli and the maintenance of local hyaluronic acid homeostasis.
ICAM-1 is known mainly as a metabolic cell surface receptor for hyaluronic acid, and this protein may be responsible mainly for the clearance of hyaluronic acid from lymph and blood plasma, which accounts for perhaps most of its whole-body turnover. Ligand binding of this receptor, thus, triggers a highly coordinated cascade of events that includes the formation of an endocytotic vesicle, its fusion with primary lysosomes, enzymatic digestion to monosaccharides, active transmembrane transport of these sugars to cell sap, phosphorylation of GlcNAc and enzymatic deacetylation. ICAM-1 may also serve as a cell adhesion molecule, and the binding of hyaluronic acid to ICAM-1 may contribute to the control of ICAM-1-mediated inflammatory activation.
Target Actions Organism ACD44 antigen Not Available Humans AIntercellular adhesion molecule 1 Not Available Humans AHyaluronan mediated motility receptor Not Available Humans UNeurocan core protein binderHumans UVersican core protein binderHumans UComplement component 1 Q subcomponent-binding protein, mitochondrial binderHumans UHyaluronan and proteoglycan link protein 1 binderHumans UHyaluronan and proteoglycan link protein 3 binderHumans UHyaluronan and proteoglycan link protein 4 binderHumans UHyaluronan-binding protein 2 binderHumans ULayilin binderHumans UStabilin-2 binderHumans UTumor necrosis factor-inducible gene 6 protein binderHumans UInterphotoreceptor matrix proteoglycan 2 binderHumans UIntracellular hyaluronan-binding protein 4 binderHumans - Absorption
Hyaluronic acid is absorbed and diffuses slowly out of the injection site.
- Volume of distribution
- Not Available
- Protein binding
- Not Available
- Metabolism
Hyaluronic acid is degraded by a family of enzymes called hyaluronidases.
- Route of elimination
Hyaluronic acid is eliminated via the canal of Schlemm.
- Half-life
- Not Available
- Clearance
- Not Available
- Adverse Effects
Learn about our commercial Adverse Effects data.
Learn More- Toxicity
>2400 mg/kg (mouse, oral, sodium salt) >4000 mg/kg (mouse, subcutaneous, sodium salt) 1500 mg/kg (mouse, intraperitoneal, sodium salt)
- Affected organisms
- Humans and other mammals
- Pathways
- Not Available
- Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
- Not Available
Interactions
- Drug Interactions
- This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.Not Available
- Food Interactions
- No interactions found.
Products
- Product Ingredients
Ingredient UNII CAS InChI Key Hyaluronate sodium Not Available Not Available Not applicable Potassium hyaluronate Not Available 31799-91-4 Not applicable Sodium hyaluronate YSE9PPT4TH 9067-32-7 Not applicable - International/Other Brands
- AMO Vitrax / AMVISIC Plus / Cystistar / Euflexxa (Ferring) / Hyalart / Hyalgan (Fidia) / Hylo-Comod / Legend / Monovisc (Anika Therapeutics, Inc.) / Recosyn / Synvisc / Viscure / Yardel
- Brand Name Prescription Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Unlock Additional DataHyGel Gel 0.25 g/10g Topical Gentex Pharma, Llc 2015-10-15 2016-07-01 US 
HYLASE Wound Gel 2.5 g/100g Topical ECR Pharmaceuticals Co., Inc. 2012-01-06 2012-01-18 US Hylinate Lotion 1 mg/1mL Topical Artesa Labs, Llc 2020-01-13 2020-03-30 US Additional Data Available- Application NumberApplication Number
A unique ID assigned by the FDA when a product is submitted for approval by the labeller.
Learn more - Product CodeProduct Code
A governmentally-recognized ID which uniquely identifies the product within its regulatory market.
Learn more
- Generic Prescription Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Unlock Additional DataHyaluronic Acid Injection 2.5 g/1 Intraepidermal Quimfa S.A 2002-12-06 Not applicable US Additional Data Available- Application NumberApplication Number
A unique ID assigned by the FDA when a product is submitted for approval by the labeller.
Learn more - Product CodeProduct Code
A governmentally-recognized ID which uniquely identifies the product within its regulatory market.
Learn more
- Over the Counter Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Unlock Additional DataAcnepatch Patch 0.4298 mg/100mg Topical Small Lab Co., Ltd. 2020-04-28 Not applicable US C-eye Day Cream 0.00006 g/30mL Topical LCELLS SA DE CV 2019-11-15 Not applicable US C-eye Night Gel 0.000015 g/15mL Topical LCELLS SA DE CV 2019-11-15 Not applicable US Cluederm Aqua Solution Rejuve Plus Liquid 20 mg/500mL Topical Classys Inc. 2018-06-28 2019-03-29 US Curestin Patch 99.97 mg/100mg Topical J World 2019-07-21 Not applicable US Curithys Patch 94.39 mg/100mg Topical J World 2019-07-21 Not applicable US Deepair Micro Intensive Magic Patch 6.1 g/100mg Topical Acosmetic. co.ltd 2016-08-01 Not applicable US E- Repair Cream 0.00006 g/30mL Topical LCELLS SA DE CV 2019-11-15 Not applicable US Elcosys Patch 99.97 mg/100mg Topical DS TECH CO., LTD 2019-07-21 Not applicable US Fs12 Lotion / shampoo 0.23 g/230mL Topical LCELLS SA DE CV 2019-11-15 Not applicable US Additional Data Available- Application NumberApplication Number
A unique ID assigned by the FDA when a product is submitted for approval by the labeller.
Learn more - Product CodeProduct Code
A governmentally-recognized ID which uniquely identifies the product within its regulatory market.
Learn more
- Mixture Products
Name Ingredients Dosage Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Acropass Trouble Cure Hyaluronic acid (0.53 mg/0.58mg) + Nicotinamide (0.03 mg/0.58mg) Patch Topical Raphas Co.,ltd 2016-11-01 2018-10-01 US bdr Bio cell mask Hyaluronic acid (0.14 g/28g) + Honey (0.56 g/28g) Patch Topical Hanaim International Llc 2016-11-21 Not applicable US bdr Laser Effect Peptide Complex Face Mask Hyaluronic acid (0.51 g/30g) + Tocopherol (0.105 g/30g) Patch Topical Hanaim International Llc 2016-11-22 Not applicable US bdr Stretch lift mask Hyaluronic acid (0.14 1/28g) + Calendula officinalis whole (0.28 g/28g) Patch Topical Hanaim International Llc 2016-11-21 Not applicable US Clapiel Hyalon Serum Sodium hyaluronate (10.5 mg/30mL) + Nicotinamide (0.6 mg/30mL) Cream Topical Aus Korea Co., Ltd. 2015-05-01 Not applicable US Cotta Sodium hyaluronate (.3 g/100g) + Garden snail mucin (.1 g/100g) + Morus alba root bark (.1 g/100g) Film, extended release Topical Eco Industry Co., Ltd 2013-07-01 Not applicable US Elcure Ato Sodium hyaluronate (65 g/100mL) + Jojoba oil (5 g/100mL) + Morus alba root bark (10 g/100mL) + Platycodon grandiflorus leaf (7 g/100mL) Lotion Topical Elcure Co., Ltd. 2011-02-11 2017-04-20 US Eldeen Age Twenty One Micro Therapy Program Sodium hyaluronate (0.4298 g/100mL) + Sodium hyaluronate (6.14 g/100mg) Kit Topical Small Lab Co., Ltd. 2020-01-01 Not applicable US Eldeen Age Twenty One Micro Therapy Program Sodium hyaluronate (0.4298 g/100mL) + Sodium hyaluronate (6.14 g/100mg) Kit Topical Small Lab Co., Ltd. 2020-01-01 Not applicable US ELDEEN AGE TWENTY ONE MifitPatch and Serum Sodium hyaluronate (0.4298 g/100g) + Sodium hyaluronate (6.14 g/100mg) Kit Topical Small Lab Co., Ltd. 2018-10-01 Not applicable US - Unapproved/Other Products
Name Ingredients Dosage Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Acnepatch Sodium hyaluronate (0.4298 mg/100mg) Patch Topical Small Lab Co., Ltd. 2020-04-28 Not applicable US Acropass Trouble Cure Hyaluronic acid (0.53 mg/0.58mg) + Nicotinamide (0.03 mg/0.58mg) Patch Topical Raphas Co.,ltd 2016-11-01 2018-10-01 US Ascorbyl Palmitate 2% / Hyaluronic Acid Sodium Salt 0.2% / Niacinamide 5% / Tretinoin 0.025% Sodium hyaluronate (0.2 g/100g) + Nicotinamide (5 g/100g) + Tretinoin (0.025 g/100g) Gel Topical Sincerus Florida, LLC 2019-05-17 Not applicable US bdr Bio cell mask Hyaluronic acid (0.14 g/28g) + Honey (0.56 g/28g) Patch Topical Hanaim International Llc 2016-11-21 Not applicable US bdr Laser Effect Peptide Complex Face Mask Hyaluronic acid (0.51 g/30g) + Tocopherol (0.105 g/30g) Patch Topical Hanaim International Llc 2016-11-22 Not applicable US bdr Stretch lift mask Hyaluronic acid (0.14 1/28g) + Calendula officinalis whole (0.28 g/28g) Patch Topical Hanaim International Llc 2016-11-21 Not applicable US C-eye Day Hyaluronic acid (0.00006 g/30mL) Cream Topical LCELLS SA DE CV 2019-11-15 Not applicable US C-eye Night Hyaluronic acid (0.000015 g/15mL) Gel Topical LCELLS SA DE CV 2019-11-15 Not applicable US Calcipotriene 0.005% / Diclofenac Sodium 3% / Hyaluronic Acid Sodium Salt 2% / Niacinamide 2% Sodium hyaluronate (2 g/100g) + Calcipotriol (0.005 g/100g) + Diclofenac sodium (3 g/100g) + Nicotinamide (2 g/100g) Cream Topical Sincerus Florida, LLC 2019-05-07 Not applicable US Clapiel Hyalon Serum Sodium hyaluronate (10.5 mg/30mL) + Nicotinamide (0.6 mg/30mL) Cream Topical Aus Korea Co., Ltd. 2015-05-01 Not applicable US
Categories
- ATC Codes
- S01KA51 — Hyaluronic acid, combinationsS01KA01 — Hyaluronic acidD03AX05 — Hyaluronic acid
- D03AX — Other cicatrizants
- D03A — CICATRIZANTS
- D03 — PREPARATIONS FOR TREATMENT OF WOUNDS AND ULCERS
- D — DERMATOLOGICALS
- M09AX — Other drugs for disorders of the musculo-skeletal system
- M09A — OTHER DRUGS FOR DISORDERS OF THE MUSCULO-SKELETAL SYSTEM
- M09 — OTHER DRUGS FOR DISORDERS OF THE MUSCULO-SKELETAL SYSTEM
- M — MUSCULO-SKELETAL SYSTEM
- Drug Categories
- Adjuvants, Immunologic
- Carbohydrates
- Cicatrizants
- Compounds used in a research, industrial, or household setting
- Dermatologicals
- Glycosaminoglycans
- Immunologic Factors
- Lubricants
- Musculo-Skeletal System
- Nasal Preparations
- Ophthalmologicals
- Polysaccharides
- Preparations for Treatment of Wounds and Ulcers
- Protective Agents
- Sensory Organs
- Surgical Aids
- Viscoelastic Substances
- Viscosupplements
- Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
- Description
- This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as acylaminosugars. These are organic compounds containing a sugar linked to a chain through N-acyl group.
- Kingdom
- Organic compounds
- Super Class
- Organic oxygen compounds
- Class
- Organooxygen compounds
- Sub Class
- Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates
- Direct Parent
- Acylaminosugars
- Alternative Parents
- Oligosaccharides / Fatty acyl glycosides / N-acyl-alpha-hexosamines / O-glucuronides / O-glycosyl compounds / Beta hydroxy acids and derivatives / Dicarboxylic acids and derivatives / Pyrans / Oxanes / Acetamides show 13 more
- Substituents
- 1-o-glucuronide / Acetal / Acetamide / Acylaminosugar / Alcohol / Aliphatic heteromonocyclic compound / Beta-hydroxy acid / Carbonyl group / Carboxamide group / Carboxylic acid show 25 more
- Molecular Framework
- Aliphatic heteromonocyclic compounds
- External Descriptors
- Not Available
Chemical Identifiers
- UNII
- S270N0TRQY
- CAS number
- 9004-61-9
- InChI Key
- KIUKXJAPPMFGSW-MNSSHETKSA-N
- InChI
- InChI=1S/C28H44N2O23/c1-5(33)29-9-18(11(35)7(3-31)47-25(9)46)49-28-17(41)15(39)20(22(53-28)24(44)45)51-26-10(30-6(2)34)19(12(36)8(4-32)48-26)50-27-16(40)13(37)14(38)21(52-27)23(42)43/h7-22,25-28,31-32,35-41,46H,3-4H2,1-2H3,(H,29,33)(H,30,34)(H,42,43)(H,44,45)/t7-,8-,9-,10-,11-,12-,13+,14+,15-,16-,17-,18?,19?,20+,21+,22+,25-,26+,27-,28-/m1/s1
- IUPAC Name
- (2S,3S,4R,5R,6R)-3-{[(2S,3R,5S,6R)-4-{[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6S)-6-carboxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy}-3-acetamido-5-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}-6-{[(2R,3R,5S,6R)-3-acetamido-2,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy}-4,5-dihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid
- SMILES
- CC(=O)N[[email protected]]1[[email protected]](O)O[[email protected]](CO)[[email protected]@H](O)C1O[[email protected]@H]1O[[email protected]@H]([[email protected]@H](O[[email protected]@H]2O[[email protected]](CO)[[email protected]@H](O)C(O[[email protected]@H]3O[[email protected]@H]([[email protected]@H](O)[[email protected]](O)[[email protected]]3O)C(O)=O)[[email protected]]2NC(C)=O)[[email protected]](O)[[email protected]]1O)C(O)=O
References
- Synthesis Reference
Susan Hockfield, Diane M. Jaworski, "DNA encoding BEHAB, a brain hyaluronan-binding protein, and recombinant expression systems for production of BEHAB polypeptides." U.S. Patent US5635370, issued June 03, 1997.
US5635370- General References
- Not Available
- External Links
- Human Metabolome Database
- HMDB0010366
- KEGG Drug
- D08043
- KEGG Compound
- C00518
- PubChem Compound
- 24759
- PubChem Substance
- 310264899
- ChemSpider
- 23145
- 5463
- PharmGKB
- PA165958431
- Wikipedia
- Sodium_hyaluronate
- MSDS
- Download (19.5 KB)
Clinical Trials
- Clinical Trials
Phase Status Purpose Conditions Count 4 Active Not Recruiting Basic Science Osteoarthritis of the Knee 1 4 Active Not Recruiting Treatment Dry Eye Syndromes / Meibomian Gland Dysfunction (MGD) 1 4 Active Not Recruiting Treatment Immediate Dental Implant 1 4 Active Not Recruiting Treatment Osteoarthritis (OA) / Shoulder Pain 1 4 Active Not Recruiting Treatment Osteoarthritis of the Knee 1 4 Completed Not Available Dry Eyes 1 4 Completed Basic Science Actinic Keratosis (AK) 1 4 Completed Other Osteoarthritis of the Knee 1 4 Completed Prevention Recurrent Cystitis 1 4 Completed Treatment Antiseptic Gel / Bacterial Growth / Bioadhesive Gel / Chistosan / Clorhexidine Gel Bacteria / Clorhexidine-chitosan / Surgery, Oral / Suture Bacteria / Third Molar Surgery / Wisdom Teeth 1
Pharmacoeconomics
- Manufacturers
- Not Available
- Packagers
- Not Available
- Dosage Forms
Form Route Strength Patch Topical 0.4298 mg/100mg Gel Topical Patch Topical Solution Intraocular 16 mg Cream Topical 0.00006 g/30mL Gel Topical 0.000015 g/15mL Cream Topical Liquid Topical 20 mg/500mL Aerosol, foam 0.2 % Cream 0.2 % Gel 0.2 % Ointment 10 G Spray Cutaneous 200 MG/100ML Film, extended release Topical Patch Topical 99.97 mg/100mg Patch Topical 94.39 mg/100mg Patch Topical 6.1 g/100mg Solution / drops Ophthalmic 0.15 % Lotion Topical Kit Topical Suspension Ophthalmic 4 mg Gel Topical 2.5 g Solution / drops Ophthalmic 0.15 g/100ml Lotion / shampoo Topical 0.05 g/50mL Lotion / shampoo Topical 0.23 g/230mL Granule Oral Solution Conjunctival; Ophthalmic 4 mg Solution Ophthalmic 4 mg Solution Ophthalmic 1 mg Solution Intra-articular 20 mg Injection Injection, solution Parenteral 20 mg Cream Topical 0.15 g/50mL Injection Intraepidermal 2.5 g/1 Injection, solution Intra-articular Gel Topical 3.5 mg/1mL Patch Topical 1.14 g/41 Solution / drops Ophthalmic 0.2 % Gel Topical 0.25 g/10g Gel Topical 2.5 g/100g Lotion Topical 1 mg/1mL Patch Topical 99.97 g/100g Emulsion Topical Solution Ophthalmic 1.8 mg Patch Topical 67.9 mg/70mg Gel Topical 0.005 g/100g Cream Topical 0.0014 g/28g Solution Topical 0.01 g/100mL Solution Topical 0.01 mL/100mL Solution Ophthalmic 1.11 mg/mL Solution Conjunctival; Ophthalmic 2 mg Solution Conjunctival; Ophthalmic 5 mg Injection Intra-articular 20 mg Patch Topical 6.14 g/100g Gel Topical 1000 g/20mL Liquid Topical 100 g/100mL Solution Ophthalmic 1.5 mg Liquid Topical 6 g/100mL Patch Topical 0.056 g/100mL Patch Topical 99 g/100g Gel Topical 0.1 mg/1mL - Prices
- Not Available
- Patents
- Not Available
Properties
- State
- Solid
- Experimental Properties
Property Value Source water solubility Easily soluble in cold water. Insoluble in organic solvents. Not Available - Predicted Properties
Property Value Source Water Solubility 46.6 mg/mL ALOGPS logP -1.8 ALOGPS logP -8.2 ChemAxon logS -1.2 ALOGPS pKa (Strongest Acidic) 2.87 ChemAxon pKa (Strongest Basic) -3.9 ChemAxon Physiological Charge -2 ChemAxon Hydrogen Acceptor Count 23 ChemAxon Hydrogen Donor Count 14 ChemAxon Polar Surface Area 399.71 Å2 ChemAxon Rotatable Bond Count 12 ChemAxon Refractivity 155.1 m3·mol-1 ChemAxon Polarizability 70.56 Å3 ChemAxon Number of Rings 4 ChemAxon Bioavailability 0 ChemAxon Rule of Five No ChemAxon Ghose Filter No ChemAxon Veber's Rule No ChemAxon MDDR-like Rule Yes ChemAxon - Predicted ADMET Features
- Not Available
Spectra
- Mass Spec (NIST)
- Not Available
- Spectra
Spectrum Spectrum Type Splash Key Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS Not Available Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS Not Available Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS Not Available Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS Not Available Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS Not Available Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS Not Available
Targets
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- General Function
- Hyalurononglucosaminidase activity
- Specific Function
- Receptor for hyaluronic acid (HA). Mediates cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions through its affinity for HA, and possibly also through its affinity for other ligands such as osteopontin, collage...
- Gene Name
- CD44
- Uniprot ID
- P16070
- Uniprot Name
- CD44 antigen
- Molecular Weight
- 81537.025 Da
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- General Function
- Virus receptor activity
- Specific Function
- ICAM proteins are ligands for the leukocyte adhesion protein LFA-1 (integrin alpha-L/beta-2). During leukocyte trans-endothelial migration, ICAM1 engagement promotes the assembly of endothelial api...
- Gene Name
- ICAM1
- Uniprot ID
- P05362
- Uniprot Name
- Intercellular adhesion molecule 1
- Molecular Weight
- 57824.785 Da
References
- Comper, Wayne D. (1996). Extracellular Matrix (2nd ed.). CRC Press LLC. [ISBN:3718658437]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- General Function
- Hyaluronic acid binding
- Specific Function
- Involved in cell motility. When hyaluronan binds to HMMR, the phosphorylation of a number of proteins, including PTK2/FAK1 occurs. May also be involved in cellular transformation and metastasis for...
- Gene Name
- HMMR
- Uniprot ID
- O75330
- Uniprot Name
- Hyaluronan mediated motility receptor
- Molecular Weight
- 84099.845 Da
References
- Turley EA: Purification of a hyaluronate-binding protein fraction that modifies cell social behavior. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1982 Oct 15;108(3):1016-24. [PubMed:6185115]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Binder
- General Function
- Hyaluronic acid binding
- Specific Function
- May modulate neuronal adhesion and neurite growth during development by binding to neural cell adhesion molecules (NG-CAM and N-CAM). Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan; binds to hyaluronic acid.
- Gene Name
- NCAN
- Uniprot ID
- O14594
- Uniprot Name
- Neurocan core protein
- Molecular Weight
- 143092.14 Da
References
- Prange CK, Pennacchio LA, Lieuallen K, Fan W, Lennon GG: Characterization of the human neurocan gene, CSPG3. Gene. 1998 Oct 23;221(2):199-205. [PubMed:9795216]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Binder
- General Function
- Hyaluronic acid binding
- Specific Function
- May play a role in intercellular signaling and in connecting cells with the extracellular matrix. May take part in the regulation of cell motility, growth and differentiation. Binds hyaluronic acid.
- Gene Name
- VCAN
- Uniprot ID
- P13611
- Uniprot Name
- Versican core protein
- Molecular Weight
- 372816.875 Da
References
- Perides G, Lane WS, Andrews D, Dahl D, Bignami A: Isolation and partial characterization of a glial hyaluronate-binding protein. J Biol Chem. 1989 Apr 5;264(10):5981-7. [PubMed:2466833]
- Bignami A, Lane WS, Andrews D, Dahl D: Structural similarity of hyaluronate binding proteins in brain and cartilage. Brain Res Bull. 1989 Jan;22(1):67-70. [PubMed:2469524]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Binder
- General Function
- Transcription factor binding
- Specific Function
- Is believed to be a multifunctional and multicompartmental protein involved in inflammation and infection processes, ribosome biogenesis, regulation of apoptosis, transcriptional regulation and pre...
- Gene Name
- C1QBP
- Uniprot ID
- Q07021
- Uniprot Name
- Complement component 1 Q subcomponent-binding protein, mitochondrial
- Molecular Weight
- 31361.935 Da
References
- Yadav G, Prasad RL, Jha BK, Rai V, Bhakuni V, Datta K: Evidence for inhibitory interaction of hyaluronan-binding protein 1 (HABP1/p32/gC1qR) with Streptococcus pneumoniae hyaluronidase. J Biol Chem. 2009 Feb 6;284(6):3897-905. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M804246200. Epub 2008 Nov 11. [PubMed:19004836]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Binder
- General Function
- Hyaluronic acid binding
- Specific Function
- Stabilizes the aggregates of proteoglycan monomers with hyaluronic acid in the extracellular cartilage matrix.
- Gene Name
- HAPLN1
- Uniprot ID
- P10915
- Uniprot Name
- Hyaluronan and proteoglycan link protein 1
- Molecular Weight
- 40165.215 Da
References
- Spicer AP, Joo A, Bowling RA Jr: A hyaluronan binding link protein gene family whose members are physically linked adjacent to chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan core protein genes: the missing links. J Biol Chem. 2003 Jun 6;278(23):21083-91. Epub 2003 Mar 27. [PubMed:12663660]
- Arming S, Strobl B, Wechselberger C, Kreil G: In vitro mutagenesis of PH-20 hyaluronidase from human sperm. Eur J Biochem. 1997 Aug 1;247(3):810-4. [PubMed:9288901]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Binder
- General Function
- Hyaluronic acid binding
- Specific Function
- May function in hyaluronic acid binding.
- Gene Name
- HAPLN3
- Uniprot ID
- Q96S86
- Uniprot Name
- Hyaluronan and proteoglycan link protein 3
- Molecular Weight
- 40893.995 Da
References
- Spicer AP, Joo A, Bowling RA Jr: A hyaluronan binding link protein gene family whose members are physically linked adjacent to chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan core protein genes: the missing links. J Biol Chem. 2003 Jun 6;278(23):21083-91. Epub 2003 Mar 27. [PubMed:12663660]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Binder
- General Function
- Hyaluronic acid binding
- Specific Function
- Binds to hyaluronic acid and may be involved in formation of the extracellular matrix.
- Gene Name
- HAPLN4
- Uniprot ID
- Q86UW8
- Uniprot Name
- Hyaluronan and proteoglycan link protein 4
- Molecular Weight
- 42801.105 Da
References
- Spicer AP, Joo A, Bowling RA Jr: A hyaluronan binding link protein gene family whose members are physically linked adjacent to chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan core protein genes: the missing links. J Biol Chem. 2003 Jun 6;278(23):21083-91. Epub 2003 Mar 27. [PubMed:12663660]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Binder
- General Function
- Serine-type endopeptidase activity
- Specific Function
- Cleaves the alpha-chain at multiple sites and the beta-chain between 'Lys-53' and 'Lys-54' but not the gamma-chain of fibrinogen and therefore does not initiate the formation of the fibrin clot and...
- Gene Name
- HABP2
- Uniprot ID
- Q14520
- Uniprot Name
- Hyaluronan-binding protein 2
- Molecular Weight
- 62671.255 Da
References
- Choi-Miura NH, Tobe T, Sumiya J, Nakano Y, Sano Y, Mazda T, Tomita M: Purification and characterization of a novel hyaluronan-binding protein (PHBP) from human plasma: it has three EGF, a kringle and a serine protease domain, similar to hepatocyte growth factor activator. J Biochem. 1996 Jun;119(6):1157-65. [PubMed:8827452]
- Choi-Miura NH, Yoda M, Saito K, Takahashi K, Tomita M: Identification of the substrates for plasma hyaluronan binding protein. Biol Pharm Bull. 2001 Feb;24(2):140-3. [PubMed:11217080]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Binder
- General Function
- Hyaluronic acid binding
- Specific Function
- Receptor for hyaluronate.
- Gene Name
- LAYN
- Uniprot ID
- Q6UX15
- Uniprot Name
- Layilin
- Molecular Weight
- 43108.055 Da
References
- Bono P, Rubin K, Higgins JM, Hynes RO: Layilin, a novel integral membrane protein, is a hyaluronan receptor. Mol Biol Cell. 2001 Apr;12(4):891-900. [PubMed:11294894]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Binder
- General Function
- Scavenger receptor activity
- Specific Function
- Phosphatidylserine receptor that enhances the engulfment of apoptotic cells. Hyaluronan receptor that binds to and mediates endocytosis of hyaluronic acid (HA). Acts also, in different species, as ...
- Gene Name
- STAB2
- Uniprot ID
- Q8WWQ8
- Uniprot Name
- Stabilin-2
- Molecular Weight
- 276985.63 Da
References
- Politz O, Gratchev A, McCourt PA, Schledzewski K, Guillot P, Johansson S, Svineng G, Franke P, Kannicht C, Kzhyshkowska J, Longati P, Velten FW, Johansson S, Goerdt S: Stabilin-1 and -2 constitute a novel family of fasciclin-like hyaluronan receptor homologues. Biochem J. 2002 Feb 15;362(Pt 1):155-64. [PubMed:11829752]
- Zhou B, McGary CT, Weigel JA, Saxena A, Weigel PH: Purification and molecular identification of the human hyaluronan receptor for endocytosis. Glycobiology. 2003 May;13(5):339-49. Epub 2002 Dec 17. [PubMed:12626425]
- Harris EN, Kyosseva SV, Weigel JA, Weigel PH: Expression, processing, and glycosaminoglycan binding activity of the recombinant human 315-kDa hyaluronic acid receptor for endocytosis (HARE). J Biol Chem. 2007 Feb 2;282(5):2785-97. Epub 2006 Dec 4. [PubMed:17145755]
- Harris EN, Weigel JA, Weigel PH: The human hyaluronan receptor for endocytosis (HARE/Stabilin-2) is a systemic clearance receptor for heparin. J Biol Chem. 2008 Jun 20;283(25):17341-50. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M710360200. Epub 2008 Apr 22. [PubMed:18434317]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Binder
- General Function
- Hyaluronic acid binding
- Specific Function
- Possibly involved in cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions during inflammation and tumorigenesis.
- Gene Name
- TNFAIP6
- Uniprot ID
- P98066
- Uniprot Name
- Tumor necrosis factor-inducible gene 6 protein
- Molecular Weight
- 31203.09 Da
References
- Wisniewski HG, Burgess WH, Oppenheim JD, Vilcek J: TSG-6, an arthritis-associated hyaluronan binding protein, forms a stable complex with the serum protein inter-alpha-inhibitor. Biochemistry. 1994 Jun 14;33(23):7423-9. [PubMed:7516184]
- Lee TH, Wisniewski HG, Vilcek J: A novel secretory tumor necrosis factor-inducible protein (TSG-6) is a member of the family of hyaluronate binding proteins, closely related to the adhesion receptor CD44. J Cell Biol. 1992 Jan;116(2):545-57. [PubMed:1730767]
- Kohda D, Morton CJ, Parkar AA, Hatanaka H, Inagaki FM, Campbell ID, Day AJ: Solution structure of the link module: a hyaluronan-binding domain involved in extracellular matrix stability and cell migration. Cell. 1996 Sep 6;86(5):767-75. [PubMed:8797823]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Binder
- General Function
- Hyaluronic acid binding
- Specific Function
- Chondroitin sulfate- and hyaluronan-binding proteoglycan involved in the organization of interphotoreceptor matrix; may participate in the maturation and maintenance of the light-sensitive photorec...
- Gene Name
- IMPG2
- Uniprot ID
- Q9BZV3
- Uniprot Name
- Interphotoreceptor matrix proteoglycan 2
- Molecular Weight
- 138619.39 Da
References
- Acharya S, Foletta VC, Lee JW, Rayborn ME, Rodriguez IR, Young WS 3rd, Hollyfield JG: SPACRCAN, a novel human interphotoreceptor matrix hyaluronan-binding proteoglycan synthesized by photoreceptors and pinealocytes. J Biol Chem. 2000 Mar 10;275(10):6945-55. [PubMed:10702256]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Binder
- General Function
- Not Available
- Specific Function
- May be involved in nuclear functions such as the remodeling of chromatin and the regulation of transcription.
- Gene Name
- HABP4
- Uniprot ID
- Q5JVS0
- Uniprot Name
- Intracellular hyaluronan-binding protein 4
- Molecular Weight
- 45785.09 Da
References
- Huang L, Grammatikakis N, Yoneda M, Banerjee SD, Toole BP: Molecular characterization of a novel intracellular hyaluronan-binding protein. J Biol Chem. 2000 Sep 22;275(38):29829-39. [PubMed:10887182]
Drug created on February 23, 2012 11:15 / Updated on June 12, 2020 10:52
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