Belatacept is a selective T-cell costimulation blocker used in the prophylaxis of organ rejection in adult patients receiving a kidney transplant. Belatacept is a soluble fusion protein, which links the extracellular domain of human cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) to the modified Fc (hinge, CH2, and CH3 domains) portion of human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1).
- Mechanism
- Curator reviewed
Belatacept is a fusion protein in which the Fc portion of human IgG1 is attached onto the extracellular portion of human CTLA-4 (CD152). Belatacept specifically binds to CD80 and CD86 receptors that are found on the antigen-presenting cell (B cells, macrophages, dendritic cells) to block selective T-cell lymphocyte costimulation. CD80 and CD86 would normally act as the ligands to the CD28 receptor T-cells in which this interaction triggers the activation of T lymphocytes. However in the presence of belatacept, because the extracellular CTLA-4 component binds to CD28 with higher affinity than CD80 or CD86, T lymphyocyte anergy, a state of antigen specific tolerance, occurs instead. The T cell is also no longer able to respond to their antigen.
- Primary indication
- For prophylaxis of organ rejection.Curator reviewed · 1 structured indication
- Formula / weight
- C3508H5440N922O1096S32 · 92300.0 Da (with glycosylation)
- First approval
- United States, 2011 · European Union, 2016
- Code names
- BMS-224818
- Brand names
Resolves to
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