Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase

Details

Name
Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase
Kind
protein
Synonyms
  • 1.13.11.-
  • 5-lipoxygenase
  • 5-LO
  • Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase
  • LOG5
Gene Name
ALOX5
UniProtKB Entry
P09917Swiss-Prot
Organism
Humans
NCBI Taxonomy ID
9606
Amino acid sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0036979|Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase
MPSYTVTVATGSQWFAGTDDYIYLSLVGSAGCSEKHLLDKPFYNDFERGAVDSYDVTVDE
ELGEIQLVRIEKRKYWLNDDWYLKYITLKTPHGDYIEFPCYRWITGDVEVVLRDGRAKLA
RDDQIHILKQHRRKELETRQKQYRWMEWNPGFPLSIDAKCHKDLPRDIQFDSEKGVDFVL
NYSKAMENLFINRFMHMFQSSWNDFADFEKIFVKISNTISERVMNHWQEDLMFGYQFLNG
CNPVLIRRCTELPEKLPVTTEMVECSLERQLSLEQEVQQGNIFIVDFELLDGIDANKTDP
CTLQFLAAPICLLYKNLANKIVPIAIQLNQIPGDENPIFLPSDAKYDWLLAKIWVRSSDF
HVHQTITHLLRTHLVSEVFGIAMYRQLPAVHPIFKLLVAHVRFTIAINTKAREQLICECG
LFDKANATGGGGHVQMVQRAMKDLTYASLCFPEAIKARGMESKEDIPYYFYRDDGLLVWE
AIRTFTAEVVDIYYEGDQVVEEDPELQDFVNDVYVYGMRGRKSSGFPKSVKSREQLSEYL
TVVIFTASAQHAAVNFGQYDWCSWIPNAPPTMRAPPPTAKGVVTIEQIVDTLPDRGRSCW
HLGAVWALSQFQENELFLGMYPEEHFIEKPVKEAMARFRKNLEAIVSVIAERNKKKQLPY
YYLSPDRIPNSVAI
Number of residues
674
Molecular Weight
77982.595
Theoretical pI
5.54
GO Classification
Functions
arachidonate 12(S)-lipoxygenase activity / arachidonate 8(S)-lipoxygenase activity / hydrolase activity
Processes
dendritic cell migration / glucose homeostasis / humoral immune response / leukocyte chemotaxis involved in inflammatory response / leukocyte migration involved in inflammatory response / leukotriene A4 biosynthetic process / lipid oxidation / lipoxin biosynthetic process / long-chain fatty acid biosynthetic process / negative regulation of angiogenesis / negative regulation of endothelial cell proliferation / negative regulation of inflammatory response / negative regulation of response to endoplasmic reticulum stress / negative regulation of sprouting angiogenesis / negative regulation of vascular wound healing / negative regulation of wound healing / positive regulation of bone mineralization / positive regulation of leukocyte adhesion to arterial endothelial cell / regulation of cellular response to oxidative stress / regulation of cytokine production involved in inflammatory response / regulation of fat cell differentiation / regulation of inflammatory response / regulation of inflammatory response to wounding / regulation of insulin secretion / regulation of reactive oxygen species biosynthetic process
Components
extracellular region / ficolin-1-rich granule lumen / nucleoplasm / perinuclear region of cytoplasm / secretory granule lumen
General Function
Catalyzes the oxygenation of arachidonate ((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate) to 5-hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoate (5-HPETE) followed by the dehydration to 5,6- epoxyeicosatetraenoate (Leukotriene A4/LTA4), the first two steps in the biosynthesis of leukotrienes, which are potent mediators of inflammation (PubMed:19022417, PubMed:21233389, PubMed:22516296, PubMed:23246375, PubMed:24282679, PubMed:24893149, PubMed:31664810, PubMed:8615788, PubMed:8631361). Also catalyzes the oxygenation of arachidonate into 8-hydroperoxyicosatetraenoate (8-HPETE) and 12-hydroperoxyicosatetraenoate (12-HPETE) (PubMed:23246375). Displays lipoxin synthase activity being able to convert (15S)-HETE into a conjugate tetraene (PubMed:31664810). Although arachidonate is the preferred substrate, this enzyme can also metabolize oxidized fatty acids derived from arachidonate such as (15S)-HETE, eicosapentaenoate (EPA) such as (18R)- and (18S)-HEPE or docosahexaenoate (DHA) which lead to the formation of specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPM) lipoxin and resolvins E and D respectively, therefore it participates in anti-inflammatory responses (PubMed:17114001, PubMed:21206090, PubMed:31664810, PubMed:32404334, PubMed:8615788). Oxidation of DHA directly inhibits endothelial cell proliferation and sprouting angiogenesis via peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) (By similarity). It does not catalyze the oxygenation of linoleic acid and does not convert (5S)-HETE to lipoxin isomers (PubMed:31664810). In addition to inflammatory processes, it participates in dendritic cell migration, wound healing through an antioxidant mechanism based on heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) regulation expression, monocyte adhesion to the endothelium via ITGAM expression on monocytes (By similarity). Moreover, it helps establish an adaptive humoral immunity by regulating primary resting B cells and follicular helper T cells and participates in the CD40-induced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) after CD40 ligation in B cells through interaction with PIK3R1 that bridges ALOX5 with CD40 (PubMed:21200133). May also play a role in glucose homeostasis, regulation of insulin secretion and palmitic acid-induced insulin resistance via AMPK (By similarity). Can regulate bone mineralization and fat cell differentiation increases in induced pluripotent stem cells (By similarity)
Specific Function
arachidonate 12(S)-lipoxygenase activity
Pfam Domain Function
Signal Regions
Not Available
Transmembrane Regions
Not Available
Cellular Location
Cytoplasm
Gene sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0010032|Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase (ALOX5)
ATGCCCTCCTACACGGTCACCGTGGCCACTGGCAGCCAGTGGTTCGCCGGCACTGACGAC
TACATCTACCTCAGCCTCGTGGGCTCGGCGGGCTGCAGCGAGAAGCACCTGCTGGACAAG
CCCTTCTACAACGACTTCGAGCGTGGCGCGGTGGATTCATACGACGTGACTGTGGACGAG
GAACTGGGCGAGATCCAGCTGGTCAGAATCGAGAAGCGCAAGTACTGGCTGAATGACGAC
TGGTACCTGAAGTACATCACGCTGAAGACGCCCCACGGGGACTACATCGAGTTCCCCTGC
TACCGCTGGATCACCGGCGATGTCGAGGTTGTCCTGAGGGATGGACGCGCAAAGTTGGCC
CGAGATGACCAAATTCACATTCTCAAGCAACACCGACGTAAAGAACTGGAAACACGGCAA
AAACAATATCGATGGATGGAGTGGAACCCTGGCTTCCCCTTGAGCATCGATGCCAAATGC
CACAAGGATTTACCCCGTGATATCCAGTTTGATAGTGAAAAAGGAGTGGACTTTGTTCTG
AATTACTCCAAAGCGATGGAGAACCTGTTCATCAACCGCTTCATGCACATGTTCCAGTCT
TCTTGGAATGACTTCGCCGACTTTGAGAAAATCTTTGTCAAGATCAGCAACACTATTTCT
GAGCGGGTCATGAATCACTGGCAGGAAGACCTGATGTTTGGCTACCAGTTCCTGAATGGC
TGCAACCCTGTGTTGATCCGGCGCTGCACAGAGCTGCCCGAGAAGCTCCCGGTGACCACG
GAGATGGTAGAGTGCAGCCTGGAGCGGCAGCTCAGCTTGGAGCAGGAGGTCCAGCAAGGG
AACATTTTCATCGTGGACTTTGAGCTGCTGGATGGCATCGATGCCAACAAAACAGACCCC
TGCACACTCCAGTTCCTGGCCGCTCCCATCTGCTTGCTGTATAAGAACCTGGCCAACAAG
ATTGTCCCCATTGCCATCCAGCTCAACCAAATCCCGGGAGATGAGAACCCTATTTTCCTC
CCTTCGGATGCAAAATACGACTGGCTTTTGGCCAAAATCTGGGTGCGTTCCAGTGACTTC
CACGTCCACCAGACCATCACCCACCTTCTGCGAACACATCTGGTGTCTGAGGTTTTTGGC
ATTGCAATGTACCGCCAGCTGCCTGCTGTGCACCCCATTTTCAAGCTGCTGGTGGCACAC
GTGAGATTCACCATTGCAATCAACACCAAGGCCCGTGAGCAGCTCATCTGCGAGTGTGGC
CTCTTTGACAAGGCCAACGCCACAGGGGGCGGTGGGCACGTGCAGATGGTGCAGAGGGCC
ATGAAGGACCTGACCTATGCCTCCCTGTGCTTTCCCGAGGCCATCAAGGCCCGGGGCATG
GAGAGCAAAGAAGACATCCCCTACTACTTCTACCGGGACGACGGGCTCCTGGTGTGGGAA
GCCATCAGGACGTTCACGGCCGAGGTGGTAGACATCTACTACGAGGGCGACCAGGTGGTG
GAGGAGGACCCGGAGCTGCAGGACTTCGTGAACGATGTCTACGTGTACGGCATGCGGGGC
CGCAAGTCCTCAGGCTTCCCCAAGTCGGTCAAGAGCCGGGAGCAGCTGTCGGAGTACCTG
ACCGTGGTGATCTTCACCGCCTCCGCCCAGCACGCCGCGGTCAACTTCGGCCAGTACGAC
TGGTGCTCCTGGATCCCCAATGCGCCCCCAACCATGCGAGCCCCGCCACCGACTGCCAAG
GGCGTGGTGACCATTGAGCAGATCGTGGACACGCTGCCCGACCGCGGCCGCTCCTGCTGG
CATCTGGGTGCAGTGTGGGCGCTGAGCCAGTTCCAGGAAAACGAGCTGTTCCTGGGCATG
TACCCAGAAGAGCATTTTATCGAGAAGCCTGTGAAGGAAGCCATGGCCCGATTCCGCAAG
AACCTCGAGGCCATTGTCAGCGTGATTGCTGAGCGCAACAAGAAGAAGCAGCTGCCATAT
TACTACTTGTCCCCAGACCGGATTCCGAACAGTGTGGCCATCTGA
Chromosome Location
10
Locus
10q11.21
External Identifiers
ResourceLink
UniProtKB IDP09917
UniProtKB Entry NameLOX5_HUMAN
GenBank Protein ID187193
GenBank Gene IDJ03600
GeneCard IDALOX5
GenAtlas IDALOX5
HGNC IDHGNC:435
PDB ID(s)3O8Y, 3V92, 3V98, 3V99, 6N2W, 6NCF, 7TTJ, 7TTK, 7TTL
KEGG IDhsa:240
IUPHAR/Guide To Pharmacology ID1385
NCBI Gene ID240
General References
  1. Dixon RA, Jones RE, Diehl RE, Bennett CD, Kargman S, Rouzer CA: Cloning of the cDNA for human 5-lipoxygenase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Jan;85(2):416-20. [Article]
  2. Matsumoto T, Funk CD, Radmark O, Hoog JO, Jornvall H, Samuelsson B: Molecular cloning and amino acid sequence of human 5-lipoxygenase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Jan;85(1):26-30. [Article]
  3. Matsumoto T, Funk CD, Radmark O, Hoog JO, Jornvall H, Samuelsson B: Molecular cloning and amino acid sequence of human 5-lipoxygenase. Adv Prostaglandin Thromboxane Leukot Res. 1989;19:466-9. [Article]
  4. Boudreau LH, Bertin J, Robichaud PP, Laflamme M, Ouellette RJ, Flamand N, Surette ME: Novel 5-lipoxygenase isoforms affect the biosynthesis of 5-lipoxygenase products. FASEB J. 2011 Mar;25(3):1097-105. doi: 10.1096/fj.10-173856. Epub 2010 Nov 23. [Article]
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  7. Funk CD, Hoshiko S, Matsumoto T, Rdmark O, Samuelsson B: Characterization of the human 5-lipoxygenase gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Apr;86(8):2587-91. [Article]
  8. Hoshiko S, Radmark O, Samuelsson B: Characterization of the human 5-lipoxygenase gene promoter. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Dec;87(23):9073-7. [Article]
  9. Rouzer CA, Samuelsson B: Reversible, calcium-dependent membrane association of human leukocyte 5-lipoxygenase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Nov;84(21):7393-7. [Article]
  10. Nguyen T, Falgueyret JP, Abramovitz M, Riendeau D: Evaluation of the role of conserved His and Met residues among lipoxygenases by site-directed mutagenesis of recombinant human 5-lipoxygenase. J Biol Chem. 1991 Nov 15;266(32):22057-62. [Article]
  11. Ishii S, Noguchi M, Miyano M, Matsumoto T, Noma M: Mutagenesis studies on the amino acid residues involved in the iron-binding and the activity of human 5-lipoxygenase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1992 Feb 14;182(3):1482-90. [Article]
  12. Woods JW, Evans JF, Ethier D, Scott S, Vickers PJ, Hearn L, Heibein JA, Charleson S, Singer II: 5-lipoxygenase and 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein are localized in the nuclear envelope of activated human leukocytes. J Exp Med. 1993 Dec 1;178(6):1935-46. [Article]
  13. Werz O, Szellas D, Steinhilber D, Radmark O: Arachidonic acid promotes phosphorylation of 5-lipoxygenase at Ser-271 by MAPK-activated protein kinase 2 (MK2). J Biol Chem. 2002 Apr 26;277(17):14793-800. Epub 2002 Feb 13. [Article]
  14. Luo M, Jones SM, Phare SM, Coffey MJ, Peters-Golden M, Brock TG: Protein kinase A inhibits leukotriene synthesis by phosphorylation of 5-lipoxygenase on serine 523. J Biol Chem. 2004 Oct 1;279(40):41512-20. Epub 2004 Jul 26. [Article]
  15. Flamand N, Lefebvre J, Surette ME, Picard S, Borgeat P: Arachidonic acid regulates the translocation of 5-lipoxygenase to the nuclear membranes in human neutrophils. J Biol Chem. 2006 Jan 6;281(1):129-36. Epub 2005 Nov 7. [Article]
  16. Strid T, Svartz J, Franck N, Hallin E, Ingelsson B, Soderstrom M, Hammarstrom S: Distinct parts of leukotriene C(4) synthase interact with 5-lipoxygenase and 5-lipoxygenase activating protein. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2009 Apr 17;381(4):518-22. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.02.074. Epub 2009 Feb 20. [Article]
  17. Flamand N, Luo M, Peters-Golden M, Brock TG: Phosphorylation of serine 271 on 5-lipoxygenase and its role in nuclear export. J Biol Chem. 2009 Jan 2;284(1):306-13. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M805593200. Epub 2008 Nov 1. [Article]
  18. Esser J, Rakonjac M, Hofmann B, Fischer L, Provost P, Schneider G, Steinhilber D, Samuelsson B, Radmark O: Coactosin-like protein functions as a stabilizing chaperone for 5-lipoxygenase: role of tryptophan 102. Biochem J. 2009 Dec 14;425(1):265-74. doi: 10.1042/BJ20090856. [Article]
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Associated Data

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Omega-3 fatty acidsapproved, nutraceuticalunknownenzymesubstrateDetails
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Cannabidiolapproved, investigationalunknownenzymeinhibitorDetails
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