Explore a selection of our essential drug information below, or:
Identification
- Summary
Glutathione disulfide is an ingredient of ophthalmic irrigation solutions used during ophthalmological procedures.
- Brand Names
- Bss Ophthalmic Solution
- Generic Name
- Glutathione disulfide
- DrugBank Accession Number
- DB03310
- Background
A GLUTATHIONE dimer formed by a disulfide bond between the cysteine sulfhydryl side chains during the course of being oxidized.
- Type
- Small Molecule
- Groups
- Approved, Experimental, Investigational
- Structure
Structure for Glutathione disulfide (DB03310)
- Weight
- Average: 612.631
Monoisotopic: 612.151961898 - Chemical Formula
- C20H32N6O12S2
- Synonyms
- Glutathione disulphide
- GSSG
- Oxidized glutathione
- Oxiglutatione
Pharmacology
- Indication
Not Available
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- Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
Prevent Adverse Drug Events TodayTap into our Clinical API for life-saving information on contraindications & blackbox warnings, population restrictions, harmful risks, & more.Avoid life-threatening adverse drug events with our Clinical API- Pharmacodynamics
Not Available
- Mechanism of action
Target Actions Organism UGlutathione peroxidase Not Available UMicrosomal glutathione S-transferase 1 activatorHumans UGlutathione S-transferases (Cytosolic) activatorHumans UGlutathione S-transferase Mu 2 activatorHumans UGlutathione reductase, mitochondrial substrateHumans - Absorption
Not Available
- Volume of distribution
Not Available
- Protein binding
Not Available
- Metabolism
- Not Available
- Route of elimination
Not Available
- Half-life
Not Available
- Clearance
Not Available
- Adverse Effects
Improve decision support & research outcomesWith structured adverse effects data, including: blackbox warnings, adverse reactions, warning & precautions, & incidence rates. View sample adverse effects data in our new Data Library!Improve decision support & research outcomes with our structured adverse effects data.- Toxicity
Not Available
- Pathways
- Not Available
- Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
- Not Available
Interactions
- Drug Interactions
- This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.Not Available
- Food Interactions
- No interactions found.
Products
Drug product information from 10+ global regionsOur datasets provide approved product information including:dosage, form, labeller, route of administration, and marketing period.Access drug product information from over 10 global regions.- Mixture Products
Name Ingredients Dosage Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Amo Endosol Extra Glutathione disulfide (0.184 mg / mL) + Calcium chloride (0.154 mg / mL) + Dextrose, unspecified form (0.92 mg / mL) + Magnesium chloride (0.2 mg / mL) + Potassium chloride (0.38 mg / mL) + Sodium bicarbonate (2.1 mg / mL) + Sodium chloride (7.14 mg / mL) + Sodium phosphate, dibasic (0.42 mg / mL) Powder, for solution Intraocular Amo Canada Company 1993-12-31 2008-07-30 Canada 
BSS PLUS Glutathione disulfide (0.184 mg) + Calcium chloride dihydrate (0.154 mg) + Dextrose, unspecified form (0.92 mg) + Magnesium chloride hexahydrate (0.2 mg) + Potassium chloride (0.395 mg) + Sodium bicarbonate (2.1 mg) + Sodium chloride (7.14 mg) + Sodium phosphate, dibasic, unspecified form (0.433 mg) + Sodium phosphate, dibasic, unspecified form (0.42 mg) Liquid Ophthalmic บริษัท อัลคอน แลบอราทอรีส์ (ประเทศไทย) จำกัด 1999-07-20 Not applicable Thailand 
Bss Plus Glutathione disulfide (4.6 mg/1mL) + Calcium chloride dihydrate (3.85 mg/1mL) + Dextrose, unspecified form (23 mg/1mL) + Magnesium chloride hexahydrate (5 mg/1mL) + Potassium chloride (0.395 mg/1mL) + Sodium bicarbonate (2.19 mg/1mL) + Sodium chloride (7.44 mg/1mL) + Sodium phosphate, dibasic, unspecified form (0.433 mg/1mL) Concentrate; Kit; Solution Ophthalmic ALCON LABORATORIES, INC. 2013-06-20 Not applicable US 
Bss Plus Glutathione disulfide (0.0184 %) + Calcium chloride (0.0154 %) + Dextrose, unspecified form (0.092 %) + Magnesium chloride (0.02 %) + Potassium chloride (0.038 %) + Sodium bicarbonate (0.21 %) + Sodium chloride (0.714 %) + Sodium phosphate, dibasic (0.042 %) Kit; Solution Intraocular Alcon, Inc. 1982-12-31 Not applicable Canada Navstel Glutathione disulfide (0.184 mg / mL) + Calcium chloride (0.154 mg / mL) + Dextrose, unspecified form (0.92 mg / mL) + Hypromellose (1.73 mg / mL) + Magnesium chloride (0.2 g / mL) + Potassium chloride (0.38 mg / mL) + Sodium bicarbonate (2.1 mg / mL) + Sodium chloride (7.14 mg / mL) + Sodium phosphate, dibasic (0.42 mg / mL) Kit; Solution Intraocular; Irrigation Alcon, Inc. Not applicable Not applicable Canada
Categories
- Drug Categories
- Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
- Description
- This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as peptides. These are compounds containing an amide derived from two or more amino carboxylic acid molecules (the same or different) by formation of a covalent bond from the carbonyl carbon of one to the nitrogen atom of another.
- Kingdom
- Organic compounds
- Super Class
- Organic acids and derivatives
- Class
- Carboxylic acids and derivatives
- Sub Class
- Amino acids, peptides, and analogues
- Direct Parent
- Peptides
- Alternative Parents
- Tetracarboxylic acids and derivatives / N-acyl-alpha amino acids / L-alpha-amino acids / Dialkyldisulfides / Amino acids / Sulfenyl compounds / Propargyl-type 1,3-dipolar organic compounds / Carboxylic acids / Carboximidic acids / Organopnictogen compounds show 4 more
- Substituents
- Aliphatic acyclic compound / Alpha peptide / Alpha-amino acid / Alpha-amino acid or derivatives / Amine / Amino acid / Amino acid or derivatives / Carbonyl group / Carboximidic acid / Carboximidic acid derivative show 20 more
- Molecular Framework
- Aliphatic acyclic compounds
- External Descriptors
- organic disulfide, glutathione derivative (CHEBI:17858)
- Affected organisms
- Not Available
Chemical Identifiers
- UNII
- ULW86O013H
- CAS number
- 27025-41-8
- InChI Key
- YPZRWBKMTBYPTK-BJDJZHNGSA-N
- InChI
- InChI=1S/C20H32N6O12S2/c21-9(19(35)36)1-3-13(27)25-11(17(33)23-5-15(29)30)7-39-40-8-12(18(34)24-6-16(31)32)26-14(28)4-2-10(22)20(37)38/h9-12H,1-8,21-22H2,(H,23,33)(H,24,34)(H,25,27)(H,26,28)(H,29,30)(H,31,32)(H,35,36)(H,37,38)/t9-,10-,11-,12-/m0/s1
- IUPAC Name
- (2S)-2-amino-4-{[(1R)-2-{[(2R)-2-[(4S)-4-amino-4-carboxybutanamido]-2-[(carboxymethyl)carbamoyl]ethyl]disulfanyl}-1-[(carboxymethyl)carbamoyl]ethyl]carbamoyl}butanoic acid
- SMILES
- N[C@@H](CCC(=O)N[C@@H](CSSC[C@H](NC(=O)CC[C@H](N)C(O)=O)C(=O)NCC(O)=O)C(=O)NCC(O)=O)C(O)=O
References
- General References
- Not Available
- External Links
- KEGG Drug
- D00031
- KEGG Compound
- C00127
- PubChem Compound
- 65359
- PubChem Substance
- 46508372
- ChemSpider
- 58835
- BindingDB
- 225231
- 25953
- ChEBI
- 17858
- ChEMBL
- CHEMBL1372
- ZINC
- ZINC000003870129
- PDBe Ligand
- GDS
- Wikipedia
- Glutathione_disulfide
- PDB Entries
- 1ykc / 2grt / 2wdu / 3fr3 / 3gx0 / 3m8u / 4c0r / 4f0b / 4f0c / 4is0 … show 15 more
Clinical Trials
- Clinical Trials
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Pharmacoeconomics
- Manufacturers
- Not Available
- Packagers
- Not Available
- Dosage Forms
Form Route Strength Powder, for solution Intraocular Concentrate; kit; solution Ophthalmic Kit; solution Intraocular Liquid Ophthalmic Kit; solution Intraocular; Irrigation - Prices
- Not Available
- Patents
Patent Number Pediatric Extension Approved Expires (estimated) Region US7084130 No 2006-08-01 2021-11-29 US
Properties
- State
- Solid
- Experimental Properties
- Not Available
- Predicted Properties
Property Value Source Water Solubility 0.406 mg/mL ALOGPS logP -3.6 ALOGPS logP -10 Chemaxon logS -3.2 ALOGPS pKa (Strongest Acidic) 1.44 Chemaxon pKa (Strongest Basic) 9.61 Chemaxon Physiological Charge -2 Chemaxon Hydrogen Acceptor Count 14 Chemaxon Hydrogen Donor Count 10 Chemaxon Polar Surface Area 317.64 Å2 Chemaxon Rotatable Bond Count 21 Chemaxon Refractivity 136.65 m3·mol-1 Chemaxon Polarizability 58.47 Å3 Chemaxon Number of Rings 0 Chemaxon Bioavailability 0 Chemaxon Rule of Five No Chemaxon Ghose Filter No Chemaxon Veber's Rule No Chemaxon MDDR-like Rule No Chemaxon - Predicted ADMET Features
Property Value Probability Human Intestinal Absorption - 0.5623 Blood Brain Barrier + 0.7907 Caco-2 permeable - 0.7824 P-glycoprotein substrate Substrate 0.5058 P-glycoprotein inhibitor I Non-inhibitor 0.9122 P-glycoprotein inhibitor II Non-inhibitor 0.9969 Renal organic cation transporter Non-inhibitor 0.9418 CYP450 2C9 substrate Non-substrate 0.9095 CYP450 2D6 substrate Non-substrate 0.8077 CYP450 3A4 substrate Non-substrate 0.7521 CYP450 1A2 substrate Non-inhibitor 0.9373 CYP450 2C9 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.8857 CYP450 2D6 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.9399 CYP450 2C19 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.8615 CYP450 3A4 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.8874 CYP450 inhibitory promiscuity Low CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity 0.9907 Ames test AMES toxic 0.6369 Carcinogenicity Non-carcinogens 0.8726 Biodegradation Ready biodegradable 0.5845 Rat acute toxicity 2.0571 LD50, mol/kg Not applicable hERG inhibition (predictor I) Weak inhibitor 0.9765 hERG inhibition (predictor II) Non-inhibitor 0.9422
Spectra
- Mass Spec (NIST)
- Not Available
- Spectra
- Chromatographic Properties
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
Adduct CCS Value (Å2) Source type Source [M-H]- 246.9926612 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M-H]- 246.4260612 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M-H]- 224.01692 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+H]+ 245.6926612 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+H]+ 245.6729612 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+H]+ 225.86577 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+Na]+ 245.0996612 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+Na]+ 245.2024612 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+Na]+ 231.47159 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
Targets
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- Kind
- Protein group
- Organism
- Not Available
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Protects cells and enzymes from oxidative damage, by catalyzing the reduction of hydrogen peroxide, lipid peroxides and organic hydroperoxide, by glutathione. May constitute a glutathione peroxidase-like protective system against peroxide damage in sperm membrane lipids
- Specific Function
- Glutathione peroxidase activity
Components:
References
- Heyob KM, Rogers LK, Welty SE: Glutathione reductase targeted to type II cells does not protect mice from hyperoxic lung injury. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2008 Dec;39(6):683-8. doi: 10.1165/rcmb.2008-0112OC. Epub 2008 Jun 19. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Activator
- General Function
- Conjugation of reduced glutathione to a wide number of exogenous and endogenous hydrophobic electrophiles
- Specific Function
- Glutathione peroxidase activity
- Gene Name
- MGST1
- Uniprot ID
- P10620
- Uniprot Name
- Microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1
- Molecular Weight
- 17598.45 Da
References
- Aniya Y, Anders MW: Activation of rat liver microsomal glutathione S-transferase by reduced oxygen species. J Biol Chem. 1989 Feb 5;264(4):1998-2002. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein group
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Activator
- General Function
- Glutathione S-transferase that catalyzes the nucleophilic attack of the sulfur atom of glutathione on the electrophilic groups of a wide range of exogenous and endogenous compounds (Probable). Involved in the formation of glutathione conjugates of both prostaglandin A2 (PGA2) and prostaglandin J2 (PGJ2) (PubMed:9084911). It also catalyzes the isomerization of D5-androstene-3,17-dione (AD) into D4-androstene-3,17-dione and may therefore play an important role in hormone biosynthesis (PubMed:11152686). Through its glutathione-dependent peroxidase activity toward the fatty acid hydroperoxide (13S)-hydroperoxy-(9Z,11E)-octadecadienoate/13-HPODE it is also involved in the metabolism of oxidized linoleic acid (PubMed:16624487)
- Specific Function
- Fatty acid binding
Components:
References
- Aniya Y, Anders MW: Activation of rat liver microsomal glutathione S-transferase by reduced oxygen species. J Biol Chem. 1989 Feb 5;264(4):1998-2002. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Activator
- General Function
- Conjugation of reduced glutathione to a wide number of exogenous and endogenous hydrophobic electrophiles. Participates in the formation of novel hepoxilin regioisomers (PubMed:21046276)
- Specific Function
- Enzyme binding
- Gene Name
- GSTM2
- Uniprot ID
- P28161
- Uniprot Name
- Glutathione S-transferase Mu 2
- Molecular Weight
- 25744.395 Da
References
- Aniya Y, Anders MW: Activation of rat liver microsomal glutathione S-transferase by reduced oxygen species. J Biol Chem. 1989 Feb 5;264(4):1998-2002. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- Maintains high levels of reduced glutathione in the cytosol
- Specific Function
- Electron transfer activity
- Gene Name
- GSR
- Uniprot ID
- P00390
- Uniprot Name
- Glutathione reductase, mitochondrial
- Molecular Weight
- 56256.565 Da
References
- Tamura T, McMicken HW, Smith CV, Hansen TN: Mitochondrial targeting of glutathione reductase requires a leader sequence. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1996 May 24;222(3):659-63. doi: 10.1006/bbrc.1996.0800. [Article]
Drug created at June 13, 2005 13:24 / Updated at September 28, 2021 21:54