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Valine, Leucine, and Isoleucine Degradation
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000032MetabolicBecause leucine gives rise to acetyl-CoA and acetoacetyl-CoA, it is classified as strictly ketogenic. … As a result, three different α-keto acids are produced and are oxidized using a common branched-chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase (BCKD), yielding the three different CoA derivatives.
Enzymes: Branched-chain-amino-acid aminotransferase, cytosolic, Lipoamide acyltransferase component of branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complex, mitochondrialThreonine and 2-Oxobutanoate Degradation
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000452Metabolic2-oxobutanoate, also known as 2-Ketobutyric acid, is a 2-keto acid that is commonly produced in the metabolism of amino acids such as methionine and threonine. … Like other 2-keto acids, degradation of 2-oxobutanoate occurs in the mitochondrial matrix and begins with oxidative decarboxylation to its acyl coenzyme A derivative, propionyl-CoA.
Enzymes: Lipoamide acyltransferase component of branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complex, mitochondrialMycophenolic Acid Metabolism Pathway (old)
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000652Drug metabolismMycophenolic Acid (MPA) is an immunosuppressive agent that acts as a noncompetitive, selective and reversible inhibitor of inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH). … Other metabolites of MPA include MPA-acyl glucoronide, which is formed by UGT2B7, and 6-O-desmethyl-MPA, which is formed by the CYP enzymes CYP3A4, CYP3A5 and CYP2C8.
Tranexamic Acid Action Pathway (New)
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0124487Drug actionPlasmin is unable to be formed form plasminogen, and therefore, dissolution of the fibrin clot is prevented. … Tranexamic acid competitively and reversibly inhibits the activation of plasminogen via binding at several distinct sites, including four or five low-affinity sites and one high-affinity site.
Mefenamic Acid NSAID Action Pathway
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0124586Drug actionMefenamic acid is an NSAID used to treat mild to moderate pain for no more than a week, and primary dysmenorrhea. It has analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. … Mefenamic acid inhibits the action of COX-1 and COX-2 on the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. This reduces the formation of prostaglandin H2 and therefore, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2).
Salicylic Acid COX Action Pathway
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0124590Drug actionSalicylic acid is an acid used to treat acne, psoriasis, calluses, corns, keratosis pilaris, and warts. … Salicylic acid inhibits the action of COX-1 and COX-2 on the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. This reduces the formation of prostaglandin H2 and therefore, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2).
Tiaprofenic Acid Action Pathway (New)
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0124607Drug actionTiaprofenic acid is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID) used to manage inflammation and analgesia associated with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. … Tiaprofenic acid possess anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activity.
Drugs: Glutathione · Dinoprostone · Calcium · Tiaprofenic acid · Mesoheme · Prostaglandin G2 +1 moreMycophenolic acid Predicted Metabolism Pathway
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0174716MetabolicMetabolites of Mycophenolic acid are predicted with biotransformer.
Fatty Acid Elongation in Mitochondria
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000054MetabolicTo create longer, shorter, oxidized, reduced fatty acids, palmitic acid is subjected to enzymatic reactions by reductases, hydroxylases, elongases and mixed function oxidases. … In liver and kidney fatty acid elongation operates best in the presence of both NADH and NADPH, whereas in heart and skeletal muscle, only NADH is required.
3-Hydroxyisobutyric Acid Dehydrogenase Deficiency
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000521Diseaseacid. … Other forms of 3-hydroxyisobutyric aciduria may be caused by a mutation in the gene encoding 3-hydroxyisobutyrate dehydrogenase, which forms (S)-methylmalonic acid semialdehyde from (S)-3-hydroxyisobutyric
Enzymes: Branched-chain-amino-acid aminotransferase, cytosolic, Lipoamide acyltransferase component of branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complex, mitochondrial