Pargyline

Overview

DrugBank ID
DB01626
Type
Small Molecule
US Approved
NO
Other Approved
NO
Clinical Trials
Phase 0
0
Phase 1
0
Phase 2
0
Phase 3
0
Phase 4
0
Mechanism of Action

Identification

Generic Name
Pargyline
DrugBank Accession Number
DB01626
Background

Pargyline is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor with antihypertensive properties.

Type
Small Molecule
Groups
Approved
Structure
Weight
Average: 159.2276
Monoisotopic: 159.104799421
Chemical Formula
C11H13N
Synonyms
  • Pargilina
  • Pargyline
  • Pargylinum
External IDs
  • A 19120
  • Lopac-P-8013
  • MO 911

Pharmacology

Indication

For the treatment of moderate to severe hypertension.

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Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
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Pharmacodynamics

Pargyline is a monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) inhibitor with antihypertensive properties. Patients taking pargyline must avoid concurrent consumption of tyramine-containing foods such as bleu cheese and beer, as this can lead to a hypertensive crisis.

Mechanism of action

MAOIs act by inhibiting the activity of monoamine oxidase, thus preventing the breakdown of monoamine neurotransmitters and thereby increasing their availability. There are two isoforms of monoamine oxidase, MAO-A and MAO-B. MAO-A preferentially deaminates serotonin, melatonin, epinephrine and norepinephrine. MAO-B preferentially deaminates phenylethylamine and trace amines. Pargyline functions by inhibiting the metabolism of catecholamines and tyramine within presynaptic nerve terminals. Catecholamines cause general physiological changes that prepare the body for physical activity (fight-or-flight response). Some typical effects are increases in heart rate, blood pressure, blood glucose levels, and a general reaction of the sympathetic nervous system.

TargetActionsOrganism
AAmine oxidase [flavin-containing] B
inhibitor
Humans
UAmine oxidase [flavin-containing] A
inhibitor
Humans
Absorption

Not Available

Volume of distribution

Not Available

Protein binding

Not Available

Metabolism
Not Available
Route of elimination

Not Available

Half-life

Not Available

Clearance

Not Available

Adverse Effects
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Toxicity

Not Available

Pathways
Not Available
Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
Not Available

Interactions

Drug Interactions
This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
DrugInteraction
1,2-BenzodiazepineThe risk or severity of CNS depression can be increased when Pargyline is combined with 1,2-Benzodiazepine.
AbaloparatidePargyline may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Abaloparatide.
AbciximabThe risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Pargyline is combined with Abciximab.
AcarbosePargyline may increase the hypoglycemic activities of Acarbose.
AcebutololPargyline may increase the hypotensive activities of Acebutolol.
Food Interactions
  • Avoid tyramine-containing foods and supplements. Foods that contain tyramine include yogurt, aged cheese, ripe bananas, wine, and sourdough bread.

Products

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Product Ingredients
IngredientUNIICASInChI Key
Pargyline hydrochlorideW70V6I2OMY306-07-0BCXCABRDBBWWGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N
International/Other Brands
Eutonyl / Eutron

Categories

ATC Codes
C02LL01 — Pargyline and diureticsC02KC01 — Pargyline
Drug Categories
Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
Description
This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as phenylmethylamines. These are compounds containing a phenylmethtylamine moiety, which consists of a phenyl group substituted by an methanamine.
Kingdom
Organic compounds
Super Class
Benzenoids
Class
Benzene and substituted derivatives
Sub Class
Phenylmethylamines
Direct Parent
Phenylmethylamines
Alternative Parents
Benzylamines / Aralkylamines / Trialkylamines / Acetylides / Organopnictogen compounds / Hydrocarbon derivatives
Substituents
Acetylide / Amine / Aralkylamine / Aromatic homomonocyclic compound / Benzylamine / Hydrocarbon derivative / Organic nitrogen compound / Organonitrogen compound / Organopnictogen compound / Phenylmethylamine
Molecular Framework
Aromatic homomonocyclic compounds
External Descriptors
aromatic amine (CHEBI:7930) / a small molecule (CPD-13898)
Affected organisms
  • Humans and other mammals

Chemical Identifiers

UNII
9MV14S8G3E
CAS number
555-57-7
InChI Key
DPWPWRLQFGFJFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI
InChI=1S/C11H13N/c1-3-9-12(2)10-11-7-5-4-6-8-11/h1,4-8H,9-10H2,2H3
IUPAC Name
benzyl(methyl)(prop-2-yn-1-yl)amine
SMILES
CN(CC#C)CC1=CC=CC=C1

References

General References
Not Available
Human Metabolome Database
HMDB0015563
KEGG Drug
D08453
KEGG Compound
C07414
PubChem Compound
4688
PubChem Substance
46507368
ChemSpider
4526
BindingDB
50172756
RxNav
7930
ChEBI
7930
ChEMBL
CHEMBL673
ZINC
ZINC000053084618
Therapeutic Targets Database
DAP000580
PharmGKB
PA450797
Wikipedia
Pargyline

Clinical Trials

Clinical Trials
Clinical Trial & Rare Diseases Add-on Data Package
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PhaseStatusPurposeConditionsCountStart DateWhy Stopped100+ additional columns

Pharmacoeconomics

Manufacturers
Not Available
Packagers
Not Available
Dosage Forms
Not Available
Prices
Not Available
Patents
Not Available

Properties

State
Solid
Experimental Properties
Not Available
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility0.0998 mg/mLALOGPS
logP2.05ALOGPS
logP2.14Chemaxon
logS-3.2ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Basic)8.05Chemaxon
Physiological Charge1Chemaxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count1Chemaxon
Hydrogen Donor Count0Chemaxon
Polar Surface Area3.24 Å2Chemaxon
Rotatable Bond Count3Chemaxon
Refractivity52.18 m3·mol-1Chemaxon
Polarizability18.78 Å3Chemaxon
Number of Rings1Chemaxon
Bioavailability1Chemaxon
Rule of FiveYesChemaxon
Ghose FilterNoChemaxon
Veber's RuleYesChemaxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemaxon
Predicted ADMET Features
PropertyValueProbability
Human Intestinal Absorption+0.9504
Blood Brain Barrier+0.9568
Caco-2 permeable+0.8188
P-glycoprotein substrateNon-substrate0.6641
P-glycoprotein inhibitor INon-inhibitor0.9864
P-glycoprotein inhibitor IINon-inhibitor0.9357
Renal organic cation transporterNon-inhibitor0.5518
CYP450 2C9 substrateNon-substrate0.8061
CYP450 2D6 substrateNon-substrate0.9116
CYP450 3A4 substrateNon-substrate0.6977
CYP450 1A2 substrateNon-inhibitor0.7981
CYP450 2C9 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.9213
CYP450 2D6 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.9231
CYP450 2C19 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.9025
CYP450 3A4 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.945
CYP450 inhibitory promiscuityLow CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity0.7826
Ames testNon AMES toxic0.9413
CarcinogenicityNon-carcinogens0.5475
BiodegradationNot ready biodegradable0.9459
Rat acute toxicity2.6935 LD50, mol/kg Not applicable
hERG inhibition (predictor I)Weak inhibitor0.7258
hERG inhibition (predictor II)Non-inhibitor0.8819
ADMET data is predicted using admetSAR, a free tool for evaluating chemical ADMET properties. (23092397)

Spectra

Mass Spec (NIST)
Download (10 KB)
Spectra
SpectrumSpectrum TypeSplash Key
Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MSPredicted GC-MSsplash10-0006-9200000000-ae83bf0992be08694c53
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-0006-9200000000-48da979999f0c1f29bef
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-0006-9200000000-ab18807e68b6d65f5daf
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-0006-9000000000-f966b80b7d4c362bc68c
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-0006-9000000000-63358c26586310bea580
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-0006-9000000000-a32af1e0d91746768420
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-0006-9000000000-dd95e84227d5a66138e1
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-03di-1900000000-23c7df4b4c62d2dce32a
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-0006-9000000000-3b1f68acf7d86b277194
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-0006-9000000000-bc675bae86e11cbc3f46
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-0006-9000000000-6271407e28e1fc55d1a5
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-00kf-9000000000-845489f9fa893fc89498
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-0006-9000000000-160af36d11827e420769
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-0006-9200000000-90edafcb4957e4893300
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-0006-9200000000-1ff0c747d1e83d9eac05
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-0006-9000000000-ed7aaa01b064b00e08a7
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-0006-9000000000-5ad802258fbfb5471d37
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0006-9300000000-961fe02071e73f82ee7f
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0a4i-1900000000-fa9638aa4082a1504f8d
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0a4i-3900000000-2f5f879a683f1e97a274
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0006-9200000000-305966a52b91d41fb993
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0udi-9000000000-c1f709fc83a44fa992b5
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0006-9000000000-120695871036c32aba70
Predicted 1H NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
Predicted 13C NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
Chromatographic Properties
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
AdductCCS Value (Å2)Source typeSource
[M-H]-142.5676373
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M-H]-128.35893
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+H]+143.1499373
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+H]+131.53827
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+Na]+143.3057373
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+Na]+140.80678
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)

Targets

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insights and accelerate drug research.
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Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Yes
Actions
Inhibitor
General Function
Catalyzes the oxidative deamination of primary and some secondary amines such as neurotransmitters, and exogenous amines including the tertiary amine, neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), with concomitant reduction of oxygen to hydrogen peroxide and participates in the metabolism of neuroactive and vasoactive amines in the central nervous system and peripheral tissues (PubMed:11049757, PubMed:11134050, PubMed:20493079, PubMed:8316221, PubMed:8665924). Preferentially degrades benzylamine and phenylethylamine (PubMed:11049757, PubMed:11134050, PubMed:20493079, PubMed:8316221, PubMed:8665924)
Specific Function
aliphatic amine oxidase activity
Gene Name
MAOB
Uniprot ID
P27338
Uniprot Name
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B
Molecular Weight
58762.475 Da
References
  1. Chrisp P, Mammen GJ, Sorkin EM: Selegiline. A review of its pharmacology, symptomatic benefits and protective potential in Parkinson's disease. Drugs Aging. 1991 May;1(3):228-48. [Article]
  2. Heinonen EH, Myllyla V: Safety of selegiline (deprenyl) in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Drug Saf. 1998 Jul;19(1):11-22. [Article]
  3. Authors unspecified: Selegiline: a second look. Six years later: too risky in Parkinson's disease. Prescrire Int. 2002 Aug;11(60):108-11. [Article]
  4. Macleod AD, Counsell CE, Ives N, Stowe R: Monoamine oxidase B inhibitors for early Parkinson's disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2005 Jul 20;(3):CD004898. [Article]
  5. Magyar K, Tothfalusi L: Pharmacokinetic aspects of deprenyl effects. Pol J Pharmacol Pharm. 1984 Jul-Aug;36(4):373-84. [Article]
  6. Heinonen EH, Anttila MI, Lammintausta RA: Pharmacokinetic aspects of l-deprenyl (selegiline) and its metabolites. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1994 Dec;56(6 Pt 2):742-9. [Article]
  7. Deleu D, Northway MG, Hanssens Y: Clinical pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of drugs used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2002;41(4):261-309. [Article]
  8. Patkar AA, Pae CU, Masand PS: Transdermal selegiline: the new generation of monoamine oxidase inhibitors. CNS Spectr. 2006 May;11(5):363-75. [Article]
  9. Azzaro AJ, Ziemniak J, Kemper E, Campbell BJ, VanDenBerg C: Pharmacokinetics and absolute bioavailability of selegiline following treatment of healthy subjects with the selegiline transdermal system (6 mg/24 h): a comparison with oral selegiline capsules. J Clin Pharmacol. 2007 Oct;47(10):1256-67. Epub 2007 Aug 22. [Article]
  10. Lee KC, Chen JJ: Transdermal selegiline for the treatment of major depressive disorder. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2007;3(5):527-37. [Article]
  11. Baker GB, Sowa B, Todd KG: Amine oxidases and their inhibitors: what can they tell us about neuroprotection and the development of drugs for neuropsychiatric disorders? J Psychiatry Neurosci. 2007 Sep;32(5):313-5. [Article]
  12. Villeneuve C, Caudrillier A, Ordener C, Pizzinat N, Parini A, Mialet-Perez J: Dose-dependent activation of distinct hypertrophic pathways by serotonin in cardiac cells. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2009 Aug;297(2):H821-8. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00345.2009. Epub 2009 Jun 19. [Article]
  13. Murphy DL, Karoum F, Pickar D, Cohen RM, Lipper S, Mellow AM, Tariot PN, Sunderland T: Differential trace amine alterations in individuals receiving acetylenic inhibitors of MAO-A (clorgyline) or MAO-B (selegiline and pargyline). J Neural Transm Suppl. 1998;52:39-48. [Article]
  14. Fuentes JA, Ordaz A, Neff NH: Central mediation of the antihypertensive effect of pargyline in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Eur J Pharmacol. 1979 Jul 15;57(1):21-7. [Article]
  15. Zhou Y, Zhang Y, Zhao D, Yu X, Shen X, Zhou Y, Wang S, Qiu Y, Chen Y, Zhu F: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database describing target druggability information. Nucleic Acids Res. 2024 Jan 5;52(D1):D1465-D1477. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkad751. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Inhibitor
General Function
Catalyzes the oxidative deamination of primary and some secondary amine such as neurotransmitters, with concomitant reduction of oxygen to hydrogen peroxide and has important functions in the metabolism of neuroactive and vasoactive amines in the central nervous system and peripheral tissues (PubMed:18391214, PubMed:20493079, PubMed:24169519, PubMed:8316221). Preferentially oxidizes serotonin (PubMed:20493079, PubMed:24169519). Also catalyzes the oxidative deamination of kynuramine to 3-(2-aminophenyl)-3-oxopropanal that can spontaneously condense to 4-hydroxyquinoline (By similarity)
Specific Function
aliphatic amine oxidase activity
Gene Name
MAOA
Uniprot ID
P21397
Uniprot Name
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A
Molecular Weight
59681.27 Da
References
  1. Patkar AA, Pae CU, Masand PS: Transdermal selegiline: the new generation of monoamine oxidase inhibitors. CNS Spectr. 2006 May;11(5):363-75. [Article]
  2. Azzaro AJ, Ziemniak J, Kemper E, Campbell BJ, VanDenBerg C: Pharmacokinetics and absolute bioavailability of selegiline following treatment of healthy subjects with the selegiline transdermal system (6 mg/24 h): a comparison with oral selegiline capsules. J Clin Pharmacol. 2007 Oct;47(10):1256-67. Epub 2007 Aug 22. [Article]
  3. Lee KC, Chen JJ: Transdermal selegiline for the treatment of major depressive disorder. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2007;3(5):527-37. [Article]
  4. Baker GB, Sowa B, Todd KG: Amine oxidases and their inhibitors: what can they tell us about neuroprotection and the development of drugs for neuropsychiatric disorders? J Psychiatry Neurosci. 2007 Sep;32(5):313-5. [Article]
  5. Murphy DL, Karoum F, Pickar D, Cohen RM, Lipper S, Mellow AM, Tariot PN, Sunderland T: Differential trace amine alterations in individuals receiving acetylenic inhibitors of MAO-A (clorgyline) or MAO-B (selegiline and pargyline). J Neural Transm Suppl. 1998;52:39-48. [Article]
  6. Fuentes JA, Ordaz A, Neff NH: Central mediation of the antihypertensive effect of pargyline in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Eur J Pharmacol. 1979 Jul 15;57(1):21-7. [Article]

Drug created at August 29, 2007 21:04 / Updated at November 09, 2024 06:16