Butyric Acid
Star0
Explore a selection of our essential drug information below, or:
Identification
- Generic Name
- Butyric Acid
- DrugBank Accession Number
- DB03568
- Background
A four carbon acid, CH3CH2CH2COOH, with an unpleasant odor that occurs in butter and animal fat as the glycerol ester.
- Type
- Small Molecule
- Groups
- Experimental, Investigational
- Structure
- Weight
- Average: 88.1051
Monoisotopic: 88.0524295 - Chemical Formula
- C4H8O2
- Synonyms
- 1-propanecarboxylic acid
- Butanoic acid
- Butyrate
- Butyricum acidum
- Ethylacetic acid
- N-butanoic acid
- N-butyric acid
- Propylformic acid
- External IDs
- FEMA NO. 2221
- NSC-8415
Pharmacology
- Indication
Not Available
Reduce drug development failure ratesBuild, train, & validate machine-learning modelswith evidence-based and structured datasets.Build, train, & validate predictive machine-learning models with structured datasets.- Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
- Prevent Adverse Drug Events TodayTap into our Clinical API for life-saving information on contraindications & blackbox warnings, population restrictions, harmful risks, & more.Avoid life-threatening adverse drug events with our Clinical API
- Pharmacodynamics
Not Available
- Mechanism of action
Target Actions Organism ACholinesterase inhibitorHumans AHistone deacetylase 1 inhibitorHumans U(S)-2-haloacid dehalogenase Not Available Pseudomonas sp. (strain YL) U2-hydroxy-6-oxo-7-methylocta-2,4-dienoate hydrolase Not Available Pseudomonas fluorescens - Absorption
Not Available
- Volume of distribution
Not Available
- Protein binding
Not Available
- Metabolism
- Not Available
- Route of elimination
Not Available
- Half-life
Not Available
- Clearance
Not Available
- Adverse Effects
- Improve decision support & research outcomesWith structured adverse effects data, including: blackbox warnings, adverse reactions, warning & precautions, & incidence rates. View sample adverse effects data in our new Data Library!Improve decision support & research outcomes with our structured adverse effects data.
- Toxicity
Not Available
- Pathways
Pathway Category Butyrate Metabolism Metabolic Fatty Acid Biosynthesis Metabolic - Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
- Not Available
Interactions
- Drug Interactions
- This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.Not Available
- Food Interactions
- Not Available
Products
- Drug product information from 10+ global regionsOur datasets provide approved product information including:dosage, form, labeller, route of administration, and marketing period.Access drug product information from over 10 global regions.
- Product Ingredients
Ingredient UNII CAS InChI Key Sodium butyrate 8RAS91C36W 156-54-7 MFBOGIVSZKQAPD-UHFFFAOYSA-M α-keto-γ-methylselenobutyrate Not Available Not Available Not applicable
Categories
- Drug Categories
- Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
- Description
- This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as straight chain fatty acids. These are fatty acids with a straight aliphatic chain.
- Kingdom
- Organic compounds
- Super Class
- Lipids and lipid-like molecules
- Class
- Fatty Acyls
- Sub Class
- Fatty acids and conjugates
- Direct Parent
- Straight chain fatty acids
- Alternative Parents
- Monocarboxylic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids / Organic oxides / Hydrocarbon derivatives / Carbonyl compounds
- Substituents
- Aliphatic acyclic compound / Carbonyl group / Carboxylic acid / Carboxylic acid derivative / Hydrocarbon derivative / Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives / Organic oxide / Organic oxygen compound / Organooxygen compound / Straight chain fatty acid
- Molecular Framework
- Aliphatic acyclic compounds
- External Descriptors
- straight-chain saturated fatty acid, short-chain fatty acid (CHEBI:30772) / Straight chain fatty acids, Saturated fatty acids (C00246) / Straight chain fatty acids (LMFA01010004)
- Affected organisms
- Not Available
Chemical Identifiers
- UNII
- 40UIR9Q29H
- CAS number
- 107-92-6
- InChI Key
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- InChI
- InChI=1S/C4H8O2/c1-2-3-4(5)6/h2-3H2,1H3,(H,5,6)
- IUPAC Name
- butanoic acid
- SMILES
- CCCC(O)=O
References
- Synthesis Reference
Haruhiko Kikuchi, "Process for preparing 4-(4-biphenylyl)-4-oxo-butanoic acid." U.S. Patent US4621154, issued November, 1977.
US4621154- General References
- Not Available
- External Links
- Human Metabolome Database
- HMDB0000039
- KEGG Compound
- C00246
- PubChem Compound
- 264
- PubChem Substance
- 46505927
- ChemSpider
- 259
- BindingDB
- 26109
- 1362696
- ChEBI
- 30772
- ChEMBL
- CHEMBL14227
- ZINC
- ZINC000000895132
- Guide to Pharmacology
- GtP Drug Page
- PDBe Ligand
- BUA
- Wikipedia
- Butyric_acid
- PDB Entries
- 1p0i / 1ugp / 1uk7 / 1zrm / 2cz0 / 2cz1 / 2ha7 / 2j4c / 3dlt / 3i3f … show 23 more
Clinical Trials
- Clinical Trials
Clinical Trial & Rare Diseases Add-on Data Package
Explore 4,000+ rare diseases, orphan drugs & condition pairs, clinical trial why stopped data, & more. Preview package Phase Status Purpose Conditions Count Start Date Why Stopped 100+ additional columns Unlock 175K+ rows when you subscribe.View sample dataNot Available Completed Basic Science Visceral (Hyper)Sensitivity 1 somestatus stop reason just information to hide Not Available Completed Diagnostic Chronic Mesenteric Ischemia 1 somestatus stop reason just information to hide Not Available Completed Diagnostic Obesity / Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus 1 somestatus stop reason just information to hide Not Available Not Yet Recruiting Not Available High Cholesterol 1 somestatus stop reason just information to hide Not Available Unknown Status Basic Science Pain 1 somestatus stop reason just information to hide
Pharmacoeconomics
- Manufacturers
- Not Available
- Packagers
- Not Available
- Dosage Forms
Form Route Strength Powder Not applicable 1 g/1g - Prices
- Not Available
- Patents
- Not Available
Properties
- State
- Solid
- Experimental Properties
Property Value Source melting point (°C) -5.7 °C PhysProp boiling point (°C) 163.7 °C PhysProp water solubility 6E+004 mg/L (at 25 °C) HEMPHILL,L & SWANSON,WS (1964) logP 0.79 HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995) logS -0.19 ADME Research, USCD pKa 4.82 (at 25 °C) RIDDICK,JA ET AL. (1986) - Predicted Properties
Property Value Source Water Solubility 239.0 mg/mL ALOGPS logP 0.78 ALOGPS logP 0.92 Chemaxon logS 0.43 ALOGPS pKa (Strongest Acidic) 4.91 Chemaxon Physiological Charge -1 Chemaxon Hydrogen Acceptor Count 2 Chemaxon Hydrogen Donor Count 1 Chemaxon Polar Surface Area 37.3 Å2 Chemaxon Rotatable Bond Count 2 Chemaxon Refractivity 21.87 m3·mol-1 Chemaxon Polarizability 9.22 Å3 Chemaxon Number of Rings 0 Chemaxon Bioavailability 1 Chemaxon Rule of Five Yes Chemaxon Ghose Filter No Chemaxon Veber's Rule Yes Chemaxon MDDR-like Rule No Chemaxon - Predicted ADMET Features
Property Value Probability Human Intestinal Absorption + 0.9938 Blood Brain Barrier + 0.9572 Caco-2 permeable + 0.7456 P-glycoprotein substrate Non-substrate 0.759 P-glycoprotein inhibitor I Non-inhibitor 0.9554 P-glycoprotein inhibitor II Non-inhibitor 0.9773 Renal organic cation transporter Non-inhibitor 0.9544 CYP450 2C9 substrate Non-substrate 0.8026 CYP450 2D6 substrate Non-substrate 0.9177 CYP450 3A4 substrate Non-substrate 0.7582 CYP450 1A2 substrate Inhibitor 0.5106 CYP450 2C9 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.9345 CYP450 2D6 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.9519 CYP450 2C19 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.9613 CYP450 3A4 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.972 CYP450 inhibitory promiscuity Low CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity 0.9849 Ames test Non AMES toxic 0.95 Carcinogenicity Non-carcinogens 0.5611 Biodegradation Ready biodegradable 0.9659 Rat acute toxicity 1.6755 LD50, mol/kg Not applicable hERG inhibition (predictor I) Weak inhibitor 0.9484 hERG inhibition (predictor II) Non-inhibitor 0.9677
Spectra
- Mass Spec (NIST)
- Not Available
- Spectra
- Chromatographic Properties
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
Adduct CCS Value (Å2) Source type Source [M-H]- 110.0611425 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M-H]- 110.0099425 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M-H]- 110.1456425 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M-H]- 131.852 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+H]+ 134.64949 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+Na]+ 142.87775 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
Targets
Build, predict & validate machine-learning models
Use our structured and evidence-based datasets to unlock newinsights and accelerate drug research.
Use our structured and evidence-based datasets to unlock new insights and accelerate drug research.
1. DetailsCholinesterase
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Esterase with broad substrate specificity. Contributes to the inactivation of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Can degrade neurotoxic organophosphate esters
- Specific Function
- acetylcholinesterase activity
- Gene Name
- BCHE
- Uniprot ID
- P06276
- Uniprot Name
- Cholinesterase
- Molecular Weight
- 68417.575 Da
References
- Zhou Y, Zhang Y, Zhao D, Yu X, Shen X, Zhou Y, Wang S, Qiu Y, Chen Y, Zhu F: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database describing target druggability information. Nucleic Acids Res. 2024 Jan 5;52(D1):D1465-D1477. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkad751. [Article]
2. DetailsHistone deacetylase 1
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Histone deacetylase that catalyzes the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4) (PubMed:16762839, PubMed:17704056, PubMed:28497810). Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events (PubMed:16762839, PubMed:17704056). Histone deacetylases act via the formation of large multiprotein complexes (PubMed:16762839, PubMed:17704056). Acts as a component of the histone deacetylase NuRD complex which participates in the remodeling of chromatin (PubMed:16428440, PubMed:28977666). As part of the SIN3B complex is recruited downstream of the constitutively active genes transcriptional start sites through interaction with histones and mitigates histone acetylation and RNA polymerase II progression within transcribed regions contributing to the regulation of transcription (PubMed:21041482). Also functions as a deacetylase for non-histone targets, such as NR1D2, RELA, SP1, SP3, STAT3 and TSHZ3 (PubMed:12837748, PubMed:16285960, PubMed:16478997, PubMed:17996965, PubMed:19343227). Deacetylates SP proteins, SP1 and SP3, and regulates their function (PubMed:12837748, PubMed:16478997). Component of the BRG1-RB1-HDAC1 complex, which negatively regulates the CREST-mediated transcription in resting neurons (PubMed:19081374). Upon calcium stimulation, HDAC1 is released from the complex and CREBBP is recruited, which facilitates transcriptional activation (PubMed:19081374). Deacetylates TSHZ3 and regulates its transcriptional repressor activity (PubMed:19343227). Deacetylates 'Lys-310' in RELA and thereby inhibits the transcriptional activity of NF-kappa-B (PubMed:17000776). Deacetylates NR1D2 and abrogates the effect of KAT5-mediated relieving of NR1D2 transcription repression activity (PubMed:17996965). Component of a RCOR/GFI/KDM1A/HDAC complex that suppresses, via histone deacetylase (HDAC) recruitment, a number of genes implicated in multilineage blood cell development (By similarity). Involved in CIART-mediated transcriptional repression of the circadian transcriptional activator: CLOCK-BMAL1 heterodimer (By similarity). Required for the transcriptional repression of circadian target genes, such as PER1, mediated by the large PER complex or CRY1 through histone deacetylation (By similarity). In addition to protein deacetylase activity, also has protein-lysine deacylase activity: acts as a protein decrotonylase by mediating decrotonylation ((2E)-butenoyl) of histones (PubMed:28497810)
- Specific Function
- core promoter sequence-specific DNA binding
- Gene Name
- HDAC1
- Uniprot ID
- Q13547
- Uniprot Name
- Histone deacetylase 1
- Molecular Weight
- 55102.615 Da
References
- Zhou Y, Zhang Y, Zhao D, Yu X, Shen X, Zhou Y, Wang S, Qiu Y, Chen Y, Zhu F: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database describing target druggability information. Nucleic Acids Res. 2024 Jan 5;52(D1):D1465-D1477. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkad751. [Article]
3. Details(S)-2-haloacid dehalogenase
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Pseudomonas sp. (strain YL)
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Catalyzes the hydrolytic dehalogenation of small (S)-2-haloalkanoic acids to yield the corresponding (R)-2-hydroxyalkanoic acids (PubMed:7490277, PubMed:9614112). Acts on acids of short chain lengths, C(2) to C(4), with inversion of configuration at C-2 (PubMed:7490277, PubMed:9614112). Active with 2-halogenated carboxylic acids and converts only the S-isomer (or L-isomer) of 2-chloropropionic acid with inversion of configuration to produce R-lactate (or D-isomer) (PubMed:7490277, PubMed:9614112).
- Specific Function
- (S)-2-haloacid dehalogenase activity
- Gene Name
- Not Available
- Uniprot ID
- Q53464
- Uniprot Name
- (S)-2-haloacid dehalogenase
- Molecular Weight
- 26176.335 Da
References
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Pseudomonas fluorescens
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Not Available
- Specific Function
- hydrolase activity
- Gene Name
- cumD
- Uniprot ID
- P96965
- Uniprot Name
- 2-hydroxy-6-oxo-7-methylocta-2,4-dienoate hydrolase
- Molecular Weight
- 31489.385 Da
Enzymes
1. DetailsCholinesterase
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Ligand
- General Function
- Esterase with broad substrate specificity. Contributes to the inactivation of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Can degrade neurotoxic organophosphate esters
- Specific Function
- acetylcholinesterase activity
- Gene Name
- BCHE
- Uniprot ID
- P06276
- Uniprot Name
- Cholinesterase
- Molecular Weight
- 68417.575 Da
References
- Xu YL, Li FY, Ndikuryayo F, Yang WC, Wang HM: Cholinesterases and Engineered Mutants for the Detection of Organophosphorus Pesticide Residues. Sensors (Basel). 2018 Dec 5;18(12). pii: s18124281. doi: 10.3390/s18124281. [Article]
- Colovic MB, Krstic DZ, Lazarevic-Pasti TD, Bondzic AM, Vasic VM: Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors: pharmacology and toxicology. Curr Neuropharmacol. 2013 May;11(3):315-35. doi: 10.2174/1570159X11311030006. [Article]
- Casper D, Davies P: Stimulation of choline acetyltransferase activity by retinoic acid and sodium butyrate in a cultured human neuroblastoma. Brain Res. 1989 Jan 23;478(1):74-84. doi: 10.1016/0006-8993(89)91478-9. [Article]
Drug created at June 13, 2005 13:24 / Updated at August 26, 2024 19:22