Evolocumab

Identification

Summary

Evolocumab is a PCSK9 (proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin type 9) inhibitor antibody used as an adjunct to LDL cholesterol reducing therapies, aiding in the prevention of cardiovascular events and cardiovascular revascularization procedures.

Brand Names
Repatha
Generic Name
Evolocumab
DrugBank Accession Number
DB09303
Background

Evolocumab is a monoclonal antibody designed for the treatment of hyperlipidemia by Amgen. It is a subcutaneous injection approved by the FDA for individuals on maximum statin therapy who still require additional LDL-cholesterol lowering. It is approved for both homozygous and heterozygous familial cholesterolemia as an adjunct to other first-line therapies. Evolocumab is a human IgG2 monoclonal antibody that targets the proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9). PCSK9 is a protein that targets LDL receptors for degradation, therefore reducing the liver's ability to remove LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C), or "bad" cholesterol, from the blood. Evolocumab is designed to bind to PCSK9 and inhibit PCSK9 from binding to LDL receptors on the liver surface, resulting in more LDL receptors on the surface of the liver to remove LDL-C from the blood. Evolocumab is the second PCSK9 inhibitor on the market, first being alirocumab.

Type
Biotech
Groups
Approved
Biologic Classification
Protein Based Therapies
Monoclonal antibody (mAb)
Protein Structure
Protein Chemical Formula
C6242H9648N1668O1996S56
Protein Average Weight
141800.0 Da
Sequences
Not Available
Synonyms
  • Evolocumab
External IDs
  • AMG-145

Pharmacology

Indication

Evolocumab is indicated in adult patients with established cardiovascular disease to reduce the risk of myocardial infarction, stroke, and coronary revascularization.3 It is also indicated as an adjunct to diet, alone or in combination with other hypolipidemic treatments, in adults with primary hyperlipidemia (and in pediatric patients ≥10 years old with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia) to reduce LDL-C.3 In addition, it is indicated adjunctly to other hypolipidemic treatments in patients ≥10 years old with homozygous familiar hypercholesterolemia to reduce LDL-C.3

Reduce drug development failure rates
Build, train, & validate machine-learning models
with evidence-based and structured datasets.
See how
Build, train, & validate predictive machine-learning models with structured datasets.
See how
Associated Conditions
Indication TypeIndicationCombined Product DetailsApproval LevelAge GroupPatient CharacteristicsDose Form
Prevention ofCerebrovascular accident••••••••••••••••••••••••••
Prevention ofCoronary revascularization••••••••••••••••••••••••••
Prevention ofMyocardial infarction••••••••••••••••••••••••••
Adjunct therapy in management ofIncreases in serum total low-density lipoprotein (ldl)•••••••••••••••••••••
Used as adjunct in combination to manageIncreases in serum total low-density lipoprotein (ldl)•••••••••••••••••••••
Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
Prevent Adverse Drug Events Today
Tap into our Clinical API for life-saving information on contraindications & blackbox warnings, population restrictions, harmful risks, & more.
Learn more
Avoid life-threatening adverse drug events with our Clinical API
Learn more
Pharmacodynamics

Not Available

Mechanism of action

Evolocumab is a human IgG monoclonal antibody which targets PCSK9 (proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9). PCSK9 is a serine protease produced by the liver which binds LDL receptors and creates a complex to be targeted for lysosomal degradation. LDL receptors typically bind LDL-cholesterol ("bad" cholesterol) for cellular reuptake, therefore the formation of these complexes with PCSK9 inhibits LDL receptor recycling to the cell surface, resulting in decreased cellular reuptake of LDL-C and increased levels of free LDL-C in the plasma. Individuals with familial hypercholesterolemia often may have "gain of function" mutations in the PCSK9 molecules in their body, resulting in increased LDL-C plasma levels and a consequent cardiovascular risk. Evolocumab is able to bind both the normal PCSK9 and the "gain of function" mutant, D374Y. The exact mechanism of the binding has not been published, however the precursor molecule, mAb1, is indicative of the interaction. The mAb1 molecule binds on the catalytic site of PCSK9 next to the binding site for the LDL receptor and creates hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions, resulting in the steric inhibition of binding between PCSK9 and the LDL receptor. Because the formation of complexes between LDL receptor and PCSK9 are prevented, the internalized LDL receptors are less likely to be degrated by lysosomes and may recycle to the surface of the cell to serve their function of removing LDL from the blood.

TargetActionsOrganism
AProprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9
inhibitor
Humans
Absorption

Total bioavailability from subcutaneous injection was 82% in cynomolgus monkeys.

Volume of distribution

Not Available

Protein binding

Not Available

Metabolism
Not Available
Route of elimination

Not Available

Half-life

Not Available

Clearance

Evolocumab showed non-linear, dose-dependent clearance in healthy volunteers; clearance decreased with increasing dose.

Adverse Effects
Improve decision support & research outcomes
With structured adverse effects data, including: blackbox warnings, adverse reactions, warning & precautions, & incidence rates. View sample adverse effects data in our new Data Library!
See the data
Improve decision support & research outcomes with our structured adverse effects data.
See a data sample
Toxicity

Not Available

Pathways
Not Available
Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
Not Available

Interactions

Drug Interactions
This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
DrugInteraction
AbciximabThe risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Abciximab is combined with Evolocumab.
AdalimumabThe risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Adalimumab is combined with Evolocumab.
AducanumabThe risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Evolocumab is combined with Aducanumab.
AlemtuzumabThe risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Alemtuzumab is combined with Evolocumab.
AlirocumabThe risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Alirocumab is combined with Evolocumab.
Food Interactions
Not Available

Products

Drug product information from 10+ global regions
Our datasets provide approved product information including:
dosage, form, labeller, route of administration, and marketing period.
Access now
Access drug product information from over 10 global regions.
Access now
Brand Name Prescription Products
NameDosageStrengthRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
RepathaInjection, solution140 mgSubcutaneousAmgen Europe B.V.2016-09-08Not applicableEU flag
RepathaSolution120 mg / mLSubcutaneousAmgen2017-04-04Not applicableCanada flag
RepathaInjection, solution140 mg/1mLSubcutaneousAmgen USA Inc.2018-10-09Not applicableUS flag
RepathaInjection, solution140 mg/1mLSubcutaneousAMGEN INC2015-08-31Not applicableUS flag
RepathaInjection, solution140 mgSubcutaneousAmgen Europe B.V.2016-09-08Not applicableEU flag

Categories

ATC Codes
C10AX13 — Evolocumab
Drug Categories
Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
Description
Not Available
Kingdom
Organic Compounds
Super Class
Organic Acids
Class
Carboxylic Acids and Derivatives
Sub Class
Amino Acids, Peptides, and Analogues
Direct Parent
Peptides
Alternative Parents
Not Available
Substituents
Not Available
Molecular Framework
Not Available
External Descriptors
Not Available
Affected organisms
Not Available

Chemical Identifiers

UNII
LKC0U3A8NJ
CAS number
1256937-27-5

References

General References
  1. Authors unspecified: Evolocumab (Repatha)--a second PCSK9 inhibitor to lower LDL-Cholesterol. Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2015 Oct 12;57(1479):140-1. [Article]
  2. Page MM, Watts GF: Evolocumab in the treatment of dyslipidemia: pre-clinical and clinical pharmacology. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol. 2015;11(9):1505-15. doi: 10.1517/17425255.2015.1073712. [Article]
  3. FDA Approved Drug Products: Repatha (evolocumab) injection for subcutaneous use [Link]
KEGG Drug
D10557
PubChem Substance
347910432
RxNav
1665684
ChEMBL
CHEMBL2364655
Drugs.com
Drugs.com Drug Page
Wikipedia
Evolocumab
FDA label
Download (1.18 MB)

Clinical Trials

Clinical Trials

Pharmacoeconomics

Manufacturers
Not Available
Packagers
Not Available
Dosage Forms
FormRouteStrength
Injection, solutionParenteral; Subcutaneous140 MG
Injection, solutionParenteral; Subcutaneous420 MG
Injection, solutionSubcutaneous140 mg
Injection, solutionSubcutaneous140 mg/1mL
Injection, solutionSubcutaneous420 mg
Injection, solution; kitSubcutaneous420 mg/3.5mL
SolutionSubcutaneous120 mg / mL
SolutionSubcutaneous140 mg / mL
SolutionSubcutaneous140.000 mg
InjectionSubcutaneous140 mg/ml
Injection, solutionSubcutaneous140 mg/ml
Injection, solutionSubcutaneous
SolutionSubcutaneous140 mg
Prices
Not Available
Patents
Not Available

Properties

State
Liquid
Experimental Properties
Not Available

Targets

Build, predict & validate machine-learning models
Use our structured and evidence-based datasets to unlock new
insights and accelerate drug research.
Learn more
Use our structured and evidence-based datasets to unlock new insights and accelerate drug research.
Learn more
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Yes
Actions
Inhibitor
General Function
Very-low-density lipoprotein particle receptor binding
Specific Function
Crucial player in the regulation of plasma cholesterol homeostasis. Binds to low-density lipid receptor family members: low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR), very low density lipoprotein recepto...
Gene Name
PCSK9
Uniprot ID
Q8NBP7
Uniprot Name
Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9
Molecular Weight
74285.545 Da

Drug created at November 11, 2015 21:05 / Updated at June 03, 2022 07:24