Avelumab is an anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody used to treat metastatic merkel cell carcinoma, metastatic urothelial carcinoma, or renal cell carcinoma. Avelumab is a human IgG1 lambda monoclonal antibody that binds programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) to block its interaction with its receptors found on T cells and antigen-presenting cells.
- Mechanism
- Curator reviewed · 6 references
Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) is a transmembrane protein and a co-inhibitory co-inhibitory immune checkpoint to suppress cytotoxic T-cell activity, proliferation, and cytokine production. It binds to PD receptor-1 (PD-1) and B7.1 receptors expressed on cytotoxic T cells and antigen-presenting cells to mediate its actions. PD-L1 is often expressed in tumours and surrounding tumour-infiltrating immune cells as an adaptive immune mechanism, decreasing the anti-tumour immune response in the tumour microenvironment.
Avelumab binds PD-L1 and blocks its interaction with its receptors PD-1 and B7.1, disinhibiting PD-L1 effects on tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes and restoring anti-tumor immune responses.
- Primary indication
- Avelumab is indicated for the treatment of adults with metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC).Curator reviewed · 8 structured indications
- Formula / weight
- C6374H9898N1694O2010S44 · 147000.0 Da (approximate including glycans)
- First approval
- Canada, 2017 · United States, 2017 · European Union, 2020
- Code names
- MSB-0010718C
- Brand names
Resolves to
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