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Metabolism and Physiological Effects of Orotic acid
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0124870MetabolicOrotic acid (orotate) is classified as a pyrimidinemonocarboxylic acid. … Most urinary orotic acid is synthesized in the body, where it arises as an intermediate in the pathway for the synthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides.
Enzymes: Neutral amino acid transporter B(0)Metabolism and Physiological Effects of Quinolinic Acid
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0123249Metabolic, and 3-hydroxyanthranilate 3,4-dioxygenase to form quinolinic acid. … Quinolinic acid is shown to have major neurotoxic effects on the brain by acting as an NMDA receptor agonist, causing excessive glutamate release and lipid peroxidation.
Drugs: Tryptophan · Quinolinic Acid · Kynurenine · Mesoheme · Flavin adenine dinucleotide · 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid +1 moreEnzymes: Neutral and basic amino acid transport protein rBATMetabolism and Physiological Effects of Uric acid
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0124845MetabolicUric acid can enter the blood and produce toxic effects on the cardiovascular, renal and joints, leading to cardiovascular disease, kidney disease and arthritis/ gout. … Uric acid is formed from purine catabolism. Purines can be made endogenously in the body or can be obtained exogenously from foods such as red meat. The purines are guanine and adenine.
Metabolism and Physiological Effects of Oxalic acid
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0124875MetabolicGlycine and hydroxyproline comes from protein sources in the diet such as red meat and eggs. Glycine Is converted into glyoxylate in the peroxisome by the enzyme d-amino acid oxidase. … Glyoxylate is generated through glycine and hydroxyproline catabolism and can be converted to oxalate. In humans, this process takes place in the liver.
Drugs: Pyridoxal phosphate · Ascorbic acid · Succinic acid · Glutamic acid · Glycine · Proline +4 moreEnzymes: D-amino-acid oxidase, Sodium- and chloride-dependent transporter XTRP3Metabolsim and Physiological Effects of Argininic acid
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0125504MetabolicArginnosuccinate is synthesized from citrulline and aspartic acid by the enzyme argininosuccinate synthase. That is catalyzed by argininosuccinate lyase to produce arginine and fumaric acid. … Glutamic acid is carboxylated into 1-Pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid by the enzyme Delta-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase. 1-Pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid with glutaric acid synthesize Oxoglutaric acid and
Drugs: Pyridoxal phosphate · Arginine · Aspartic acid · Ornithine · L-Glutamine · Adenosine phosphate +10 moreEnzymes: D-amino-acid oxidase, Neutral amino acid transporter AMetabolism and Physiological Effects of Indolelactic Acid
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0126749MetabolicIndolelactic acid (CAS: 1821-52-9) is a tryptophan metabolite found in human plasma, serum, and urine. … Indolelactic acid is also a microbial metabolite; urinary indole-3-lactate is produced by Clostridium sporogenes.Phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan are all metabolized through the reductive pathway
Metabolism and Physiological Effects of Vanillic Acid
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0126881MetabolicVanillic acid is a phenolic acid found in some forms of vanilla and many other plant extracts. It is a flavouring and scent agent that produces a pleasant, creamy odour. … Vanillic acid selectively and specifically inhibits 5'nucleotidase activity. Vanillic acid is a microbial metabolite found in Amycolatopsis, Delftia, and Pseudomonas.
Metabolism and Physiological Effects of β-Hydroxybutyric acid
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0126987MetabolicKetone synthesis in the liver produces acetoacetate and beta-hydroxybutyrate from two acetyl CoA molecules. Acetyl-CoA is a metabolite derived from glucose, fatty acid, and amino acid catabolism. … and renal gluconeogenesis.
Metabolism and Physiological Effects of 2-Aminobenzoic acid
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0126869DiseaseKynureninase catalyzes the cleavage of L-kynurenine (L-Kyn) and L-3-hydroxykynurenine (L-3OHKyn) into anthranilic acid (AA) (which is also known as 2-Aminobenzoic acid) and 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid (3 … In particular, 2-aminobenzoic acid and formic acid can be biosynthesized from formylanthranilic acid through its interaction with the enzyme kynurenine formamidase.
Enzymes: Neutral and basic amino acid transport protein rBAT, Neutral amino acid transporter AMetabolism and Physiological Effects of 4-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0126879Metabolic, and C. propionicum. l-tyrosine, derived from diet and endogenous proteins and peptides, can be converted to phenol and 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate. … This reaction is also reversible by the same enzyme using l-serine and phenol as substrates.