Identification
- Summary
Fesoterodine is an antimuscarinic agent used in the treatment of overactive bladder with symptoms of urge urinary incontinence, urgency, and frequency.
- Brand Names
- Toviaz
- Generic Name
- Fesoterodine
- DrugBank Accession Number
- DB06702
- Background
Fesoterodine is an antimuscarinic prodrug for the treatment of overactive bladder syndrome.
- Type
- Small Molecule
- Groups
- Approved
- Structure
Structure for Fesoterodine (DB06702)
- Weight
- Average: 411.5769
Monoisotopic: 411.277344055 - Chemical Formula
- C26H37NO3
- Synonyms
- FESO
- Fesoterodina
- Fesoterodine
Pharmacology
- Indication
Fesoterodine is indicated for the treatment of overactive bladder in adult patients with symptoms of urge urinary incontinence, urgency, and frequency.3 It is also indicated in the treatment of neurogenic detrusor overactivity in pediatric patients ≥6 years old weighing >25 kg.3
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- Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
Avoid life-threatening adverse drug eventsImprove clinical decision support with information on contraindications & blackbox warnings, population restrictions, harmful risks, & more.Avoid life-threatening adverse drug events & improve clinical decision support.- Pharmacodynamics
In-vivo the fesoteridine prodrug is broken down into its active metabolite, 5-hydroxymethyl tolterodine (5-HMT), by plasma esterases. The 5-hydroxymethyl metabolite, which exhibits an antimuscarinic activity. Both urinary bladder contraction and salivation are mediated via cholinergic muscarinic receptors. Therefore, acting as a competitive muscarinic receptor antagonist, fesoterodine ultimately acts to decrease the detrusor pressure by its muscarinic antagonism, thereby decreasing bladder contraction and consequently, the urge to urinate.
- Mechanism of action
Fesoterodine, once converted to its active metabolite, 5-hydroxymethyltolterodine, acts as a competitive antagonists at muscarinic receptors. This results in the inhibition of bladder contraction, decrease in detrusor pressure, and an incomplete emptying of the bladder.
Target Actions Organism AMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3 antagonistHumans UMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4 antagonistHumans UMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1 antagonistHumans UMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2 antagonistHumans UMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5 antagonistHumans - Absorption
Tmax (5-HMT): 5 hours post-adminitration of fesoterodine. AUC (0,∞)= 49.5 ng·h/ ml
Bioavailability, 5-HMT = 52%- Volume of distribution
IV, 5-HMT: 169 L
- Protein binding
5-HMT: 50% to albumin and alpha1-acid glycoprotein
- Metabolism
Metabolized by ubiquitous, nonspecific esterases to transform fesoterodine into 5-HMT Extensive metabolism via CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 into inactive metabolites
- Route of elimination
Renal: 70% of fesoterodine was recovered in urine as 5-HMT; 35% carboxy metabolite; 18% carboxy-N-desisopropylmetabolite, and 1% N-desisopropyl metabolite Fecal: 7% Hepatic: fesoterodine elimination via CYP2D6 and CYP3A4
- Half-life
7-8 hours for the active metabolite 5-hydroxymethyl tolterodine
- Clearance
5-HMT, healthy subjects: 14.4 L/h 5-HMT is also secreted into the nephron.
- Adverse Effects
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Rat, Oral, LD50: ~ 681 mg/kg Mouse, Oral, LD50: ~ 316 mg/kg Rat, Intravenous, NOAEL: 10 mg/kg Mouse, Intravenous, NOAEL: 10 mg/kg
- Pathways
- Not Available
- Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
Interacting Gene/Enzyme Allele name Genotype(s) Defining Change(s) Type(s) Description Details Cytochrome P450 2D6 CYP2D6*3 Not Available C allele Effect Inferred Poor drug metabolizer. Details Cytochrome P450 2D6 CYP2D6*4 Not Available C allele Effect Inferred Poor drug metabolizer. Details Cytochrome P450 2D6 CYP2D6*5 Not Available Whole-gene deletion Effect Inferred Poor drug metabolizer. Details Cytochrome P450 2D6 CYP2D6*6 Not Available 1707delT Effect Inferred Poor drug metabolizer. Details Cytochrome P450 2D6 CYP2D6*7 Not Available 2935A>C Effect Inferred Poor drug metabolizer. Details Cytochrome P450 2D6 CYP2D6*8 Not Available 1758G>T Effect Inferred Poor drug metabolizer. Details Cytochrome P450 2D6 CYP2D6*11 Not Available 883G>C Effect Inferred Poor drug metabolizer. Details Cytochrome P450 2D6 CYP2D6*12 Not Available 124G>A Effect Inferred Poor drug metabolizer. Details Cytochrome P450 2D6 CYP2D6*13 Not Available CYP2D7/2D6 hybrid gene structure Effect Inferred Poor drug metabolizer. Details Cytochrome P450 2D6 CYP2D6*14A Not Available 1758G>A Effect Inferred Poor drug metabolizer. Details Cytochrome P450 2D6 CYP2D6*15 Not Available 137insT, 137_138insT Effect Inferred Poor drug metabolizer. Details Cytochrome P450 2D6 CYP2D6*19 Not Available 2539_2542delAACT Effect Inferred Poor drug metabolizer. Details Cytochrome P450 2D6 CYP2D6*20 Not Available 1973_1974insG Effect Inferred Poor drug metabolizer. Details Cytochrome P450 2D6 CYP2D6*21 Not Available 2573insC Effect Inferred Poor drug metabolizer. Details Cytochrome P450 2D6 CYP2D6*31 Not Available -1770G>A / -1584C>G … show all Effect Inferred Poor drug metabolizer. Details Cytochrome P450 2D6 CYP2D6*36 Not Available 100C>T / -1426C>T … show all Effect Inferred Poor drug metabolizer. Details Cytochrome P450 2D6 CYP2D6*38 Not Available 2587_2590delGACT Effect Inferred Poor drug metabolizer. Details Cytochrome P450 2D6 CYP2D6*40 Not Available 1863_1864ins(TTT CGC CCC)2 Effect Inferred Poor drug metabolizer. Details Cytochrome P450 2D6 CYP2D6*42 Not Available 3259_3260insGT Effect Inferred Poor drug metabolizer. Details Cytochrome P450 2D6 CYP2D6*44 Not Available 2950G>C Effect Inferred Poor drug metabolizer. Details Cytochrome P450 2D6 CYP2D6*47 Not Available 100C>T / -1426C>T … show all Effect Inferred Poor drug metabolizer. Details Cytochrome P450 2D6 CYP2D6*51 Not Available -1584C>G / -1235A>G … show all Effect Inferred Poor drug metabolizer. Details Cytochrome P450 2D6 CYP2D6*56 Not Available 3201C>T Effect Inferred Poor drug metabolizer. Details Cytochrome P450 2D6 CYP2D6*57 Not Available 100C>T / 310G>T … show all Effect Inferred Poor drug metabolizer. Details Cytochrome P450 2D6 CYP2D6*62 Not Available 4044C>T Effect Inferred Poor drug metabolizer. Details Cytochrome P450 2D6 CYP2D6*68A Not Available -1426C>T / -1235A>G … show all Effect Inferred Poor drug metabolizer. Details Cytochrome P450 2D6 CYP2D6*68B Not Available Similar but not identical switch region compared to CYP2D6*68A. Found in tandem arrangement with CYP2D6*4. Effect Inferred Poor drug metabolizer. Details Cytochrome P450 2D6 CYP2D6*69 Not Available 2988G>A / -1426C>T … show all Effect Inferred Poor drug metabolizer. Details Cytochrome P450 2D6 CYP2D6*92 Not Available 1995delC Effect Inferred Poor drug metabolizer. Details Cytochrome P450 2D6 CYP2D6*100 Not Available -1426C>T / -1235A>G … show all Effect Inferred Poor drug metabolizer. Details Cytochrome P450 2D6 CYP2D6*101 Not Available -1426C>T / -1235A>G … show all Effect Inferred Poor drug metabolizer. Details
Interactions
- Drug Interactions
- This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
Drug Interaction Integrate drug-drug
interactions in your softwareAbacavir Abacavir may decrease the excretion rate of Fesoterodine which could result in a higher serum level. Abametapir The serum concentration of Fesoterodine can be increased when it is combined with Abametapir. Abatacept The metabolism of Fesoterodine can be increased when combined with Abatacept. Abiraterone The metabolism of Fesoterodine can be decreased when combined with Abiraterone. Acebutolol The metabolism of Fesoterodine can be decreased when combined with Acebutolol. Aceclofenac Aceclofenac may decrease the excretion rate of Fesoterodine which could result in a higher serum level. Acemetacin Acemetacin may decrease the excretion rate of Fesoterodine which could result in a higher serum level. Acetaminophen Acetaminophen may decrease the excretion rate of Fesoterodine which could result in a higher serum level. Acetazolamide Acetazolamide may increase the excretion rate of Fesoterodine which could result in a lower serum level and potentially a reduction in efficacy. Acetylsalicylic acid Acetylsalicylic acid may decrease the excretion rate of Fesoterodine which could result in a higher serum level. 
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- Take with or without food.
Products
Drug product information from 10+ global regionsOur datasets provide approved product information including:dosage, form, labeller, route of administration, and marketing period.Access drug product information from over 10 global regions.- Product Ingredients
Ingredient UNII CAS InChI Key Fesoterodine fumarate EOS72165S7 286930-03-8 MWHXMIASLKXGBU-RNCYCKTQSA-N - Brand Name Prescription Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Toviaz Tablet, film coated, extended release 4 mg/1 Oral Cardinal Health 2008-10-31 2020-11-30 US 
Toviaz Tablet, extended release 8 mg Oral Pfizer Europe Ma Eeig 2016-09-08 Not applicable EU 
Toviaz Tablet, extended release 8 mg Oral Pfizer Canada Ulc 2012-04-19 Not applicable Canada 
Toviaz Tablet, extended release 8 mg Oral Pfizer Europe Ma Eeig 2016-09-08 Not applicable EU Toviaz Tablet, film coated, extended release 8 mg/1 Oral Physicians Total Care, Inc. 2010-09-15 Not applicable US Toviaz Tablet, extended release 4 mg Oral Pfizer Europe Ma Eeig 2016-09-08 Not applicable EU Toviaz Tablet, extended release 4 mg Oral Pfizer Europe Ma Eeig 2016-09-08 Not applicable EU Toviaz Tablet, extended release 8 mg Oral Pfizer Europe Ma Eeig 2016-09-08 Not applicable EU Toviaz Tablet, film coated, extended release 4 mg/1 Oral Pfizer Laboratories Div Pfizer Inc 2008-10-31 Not applicable US Toviaz Tablet, extended release 4 mg Oral Pfizer Europe Ma Eeig 2016-09-08 Not applicable EU - Generic Prescription Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Ach-fesoterodine Tablet, extended release 8 mg Oral Accord Healthcare Inc Not applicable Not applicable Canada Ach-fesoterodine Tablet, extended release 4 mg Oral Accord Healthcare Inc Not applicable Not applicable Canada Apo-fesoterodine Tablet, extended release 4 mg Oral Apotex Corporation Not applicable Not applicable Canada Apo-fesoterodine Tablet, extended release 8 mg Oral Apotex Corporation Not applicable Not applicable Canada Fesoterodine Fumarate Tablet, film coated, extended release 8 mg/1 Oral Aurobindo Pharma Limited 2022-06-17 Not applicable US Fesoterodine Fumarate Tablet, extended release 4 mg/1 Oral Alembic Pharmaceuticals Inc. 2023-01-06 Not applicable US Fesoterodine Fumarate Tablet, film coated, extended release 8 mg/1 Oral Zydus Lifesciences Limited 2017-12-07 Not applicable US Fesoterodine Fumarate Tablet, film coated, extended release 8 mg/1 Oral ANI Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 2023-01-04 Not applicable US Fesoterodine fumarate Tablet, extended release 8 mg/1 Oral Dr.Reddy's Laboratories Inc., 2022-06-10 Not applicable US Fesoterodine Fumarate Tablet, extended release 4 mg/1 Oral Alembic Pharmaceuticals Limited 2023-01-06 Not applicable US
Categories
- ATC Codes
- G04BD11 — Fesoterodine
- Drug Categories
- Agents producing tachycardia
- Anticholinergic Agents
- Benzene Derivatives
- Cholinergic Agents
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6 Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A4 Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 Substrates
- Drugs for Urinary Frequency and Incontinence
- Drugs that are Mainly Renally Excreted
- Genito Urinary System and Sex Hormones
- Genitourinary Agents
- Muscarinic Antagonists
- Neurotransmitter Agents
- P-glycoprotein substrates
- Urological Agents
- Urologicals
- Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
- Description
- This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as diphenylmethanes. These are compounds containing a diphenylmethane moiety, which consists of a methane wherein two hydrogen atoms are replaced by two phenyl groups.
- Kingdom
- Organic compounds
- Super Class
- Benzenoids
- Class
- Benzene and substituted derivatives
- Sub Class
- Diphenylmethanes
- Direct Parent
- Diphenylmethanes
- Alternative Parents
- Phenol esters / Phenoxy compounds / Benzyl alcohols / Aralkylamines / Trialkylamines / Carboxylic acid esters / Amino acids and derivatives / Monocarboxylic acids and derivatives / Primary alcohols / Organopnictogen compounds show 4 more
- Substituents
- Alcohol / Amine / Amino acid or derivatives / Aralkylamine / Aromatic alcohol / Aromatic homomonocyclic compound / Benzyl alcohol / Carbonyl group / Carboxylic acid derivative / Carboxylic acid ester show 14 more
- Molecular Framework
- Aromatic homomonocyclic compounds
- External Descriptors
- Not Available
- Affected organisms
- Humans and other mammals
Chemical Identifiers
- UNII
- 621G617227
- CAS number
- 286930-02-7
- InChI Key
- DCCSDBARQIPTGU-HSZRJFAPSA-N
- InChI
- InChI=1S/C26H37NO3/c1-18(2)26(29)30-25-13-12-21(17-28)16-24(25)23(22-10-8-7-9-11-22)14-15-27(19(3)4)20(5)6/h7-13,16,18-20,23,28H,14-15,17H2,1-6H3/t23-/m1/s1
- IUPAC Name
- 2-[(1R)-3-[bis(propan-2-yl)amino]-1-phenylpropyl]-4-(hydroxymethyl)phenyl 2-methylpropanoate
- SMILES
- CC(C)N(CC[C@H](C1=CC=CC=C1)C1=C(OC(=O)C(C)C)C=CC(CO)=C1)C(C)C
References
- Synthesis Reference
Claus Meese, "CHIRAL INTERMEDIATE, PROCESS FOR PRODUCING THE SAME AND ITS USE IN THE MANUFACTURE OF TOLTERODINE, FESOTERODINE, OR THE ACTIVE METABOLITE THEREOF." U.S. Patent US20090192224, issued July 30, 2009.
US20090192224- General References
- Malhotra B, Dickins M, Alvey C, Jumadilova Z, Li X, Duczynski G, Gandelman K: Effects of the moderate CYP3A4 inhibitor, fluconazole, on the pharmacokinetics of fesoterodine in healthy subjects. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2011 Aug;72(2):263-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2011.04007.x. [Article]
- Malhotra B, Gandelman K, Sachse R, Wood N, Michel MC: The design and development of fesoterodine as a prodrug of 5-hydroxymethyl tolterodine (5-HMT), the active metabolite of tolterodine. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(33):4481-9. [Article]
- FDA Approved Drug Products: TOVIAZ (fesoterodine fumarate) extended-release tablets [Link]
- External Links
- Human Metabolome Database
- HMDB0015648
- KEGG Drug
- D07226
- PubChem Compound
- 6918558
- PubChem Substance
- 99443256
- ChemSpider
- 5293755
- 797195
- ChEBI
- 135920
- ChEMBL
- CHEMBL1201764
- ZINC
- ZINC000001552908
- PharmGKB
- PA165958376
- RxList
- RxList Drug Page
- Drugs.com
- Drugs.com Drug Page
- Wikipedia
- Fesoterodine
- FDA label
- Download (430 KB)
- MSDS
- Download (102 KB)
Clinical Trials
- Clinical Trials
Phase Status Purpose Conditions Count 4 Completed Treatment Adenocarcinoma of Prostate 1 4 Completed Treatment Bladder Outlet Obstruction 1 4 Completed Treatment Overactive Bladder Syndrome (OABS) 9 4 Completed Treatment Overactive Bladder Syndrome (OABS) / Urinary Urge Incontinence 1 4 Completed Treatment Urinary Incontinence (UI) / Urinary Urgency 1 4 Terminated Treatment Overactive Bladder Syndrome (OABS) 1 4 Terminated Treatment Overactive Bladder Syndrome (OABS) / Parkinson's Disease (PD) 1 4 Unknown Status Treatment Overactive Bladder Syndrome (OABS) 1 3 Completed Not Available Overactive Bladder Syndrome (OABS) 3 3 Completed Treatment Neurogenic Bladder 2
Pharmacoeconomics
- Manufacturers
- Not Available
- Packagers
- Not Available
- Dosage Forms
Form Route Strength Tablet, extended release Oral 4 mg/1 Tablet, extended release Oral 8 mg/1 Tablet, extended release Oral Tablet, film coated, extended release Oral 4 mg/1 Tablet, film coated, extended release Oral 8 mg/1 Tablet, extended release Oral 4 mg Tablet, film coated, extended release Oral Tablet, extended release Oral 8 mg - Prices
- Not Available
- Patents
Patent Number Pediatric Extension Approved Expires (estimated) Region US6858650 Yes 2005-02-22 2023-01-03 US US7384980 No 2008-06-10 2019-05-11 US US7807715 Yes 2010-10-05 2027-12-07 US US7855230 No 2010-12-21 2019-05-11 US US7985772 No 2011-07-26 2019-05-11 US US8088398 Yes 2012-01-03 2027-12-07 US US8338478 No 2012-12-25 2019-05-11 US US8501723 Yes 2013-08-06 2027-12-07 US
Properties
- State
- Solid
- Experimental Properties
Property Value Source water solubility Highly soluble MSDS - Predicted Properties
Property Value Source Water Solubility 0.00205 mg/mL ALOGPS logP 5.45 ALOGPS logP 5.7 Chemaxon logS -5.3 ALOGPS pKa (Strongest Acidic) 14.98 Chemaxon pKa (Strongest Basic) 10.64 Chemaxon Physiological Charge 1 Chemaxon Hydrogen Acceptor Count 3 Chemaxon Hydrogen Donor Count 1 Chemaxon Polar Surface Area 49.77 Å2 Chemaxon Rotatable Bond Count 11 Chemaxon Refractivity 124.08 m3·mol-1 Chemaxon Polarizability 48.29 Å3 Chemaxon Number of Rings 2 Chemaxon Bioavailability 0 Chemaxon Rule of Five No Chemaxon Ghose Filter No Chemaxon Veber's Rule No Chemaxon MDDR-like Rule No Chemaxon - Predicted ADMET Features
Property Value Probability Human Intestinal Absorption + 0.9535 Blood Brain Barrier + 0.5648 Caco-2 permeable + 0.7699 P-glycoprotein substrate Substrate 0.5268 P-glycoprotein inhibitor I Non-inhibitor 0.5556 P-glycoprotein inhibitor II Non-inhibitor 0.625 Renal organic cation transporter Inhibitor 0.6025 CYP450 2C9 substrate Non-substrate 0.6853 CYP450 2D6 substrate Non-substrate 0.5151 CYP450 3A4 substrate Substrate 0.5939 CYP450 1A2 substrate Inhibitor 0.6306 CYP450 2C9 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.7227 CYP450 2D6 inhibitor Inhibitor 0.6255 CYP450 2C19 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.7334 CYP450 3A4 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.5718 CYP450 inhibitory promiscuity Low CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity 0.6144 Ames test Non AMES toxic 0.646 Carcinogenicity Non-carcinogens 0.7213 Biodegradation Not ready biodegradable 0.9385 Rat acute toxicity 2.4003 LD50, mol/kg Not applicable hERG inhibition (predictor I) Weak inhibitor 0.9196 hERG inhibition (predictor II) Inhibitor 0.5602
Spectra
- Mass Spec (NIST)
- Not Available
- Spectra
Spectrum Spectrum Type Splash Key Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS Predicted GC-MS Not Available Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS Not Available Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS Not Available Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS Not Available Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS Not Available Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS Not Available Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS Not Available
Targets
Build, predict & validate machine-learning models
Use our structured and evidence-based datasets to unlock newinsights and accelerate drug research.
Use our structured and evidence-based datasets to unlock new insights and accelerate drug research.
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- Actions
- Antagonist
- General Function
- Receptor activity
- Specific Function
- The muscarinic acetylcholine receptor mediates various cellular responses, including inhibition of adenylate cyclase, breakdown of phosphoinositides and modulation of potassium channels through the...
- Gene Name
- CHRM3
- Uniprot ID
- P20309
- Uniprot Name
- Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3
- Molecular Weight
- 66127.445 Da
References
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Antagonist
- General Function
- Guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity
- Specific Function
- The muscarinic acetylcholine receptor mediates various cellular responses, including inhibition of adenylate cyclase, breakdown of phosphoinositides and modulation of potassium channels through the...
- Gene Name
- CHRM4
- Uniprot ID
- P08173
- Uniprot Name
- Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4
- Molecular Weight
- 53048.65 Da
References
- Mansfield KJ, Chandran JJ, Vaux KJ, Millard RJ, Christopoulos A, Mitchelson FJ, Burcher E: Comparison of receptor binding characteristics of commonly used muscarinic antagonists in human bladder detrusor and mucosa. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2009 Mar;328(3):893-9. doi: 10.1124/jpet.108.145508. Epub 2008 Nov 24. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Antagonist
- General Function
- Phosphatidylinositol phospholipase c activity
- Specific Function
- The muscarinic acetylcholine receptor mediates various cellular responses, including inhibition of adenylate cyclase, breakdown of phosphoinositides and modulation of potassium channels through the...
- Gene Name
- CHRM1
- Uniprot ID
- P11229
- Uniprot Name
- Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1
- Molecular Weight
- 51420.375 Da
References
- Nilvebrant L: Tolterodine and its active 5-hydroxymethyl metabolite: pure muscarinic receptor antagonists. Pharmacol Toxicol. 2002 May;90(5):260-7. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Antagonist
- General Function
- G-protein coupled acetylcholine receptor activity
- Specific Function
- The muscarinic acetylcholine receptor mediates various cellular responses, including inhibition of adenylate cyclase, breakdown of phosphoinositides and modulation of potassium channels through the...
- Gene Name
- CHRM2
- Uniprot ID
- P08172
- Uniprot Name
- Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2
- Molecular Weight
- 51714.605 Da
References
- Mansfield KJ, Chandran JJ, Vaux KJ, Millard RJ, Christopoulos A, Mitchelson FJ, Burcher E: Comparison of receptor binding characteristics of commonly used muscarinic antagonists in human bladder detrusor and mucosa. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2009 Mar;328(3):893-9. doi: 10.1124/jpet.108.145508. Epub 2008 Nov 24. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Antagonist
- General Function
- Phosphatidylinositol phospholipase c activity
- Specific Function
- The muscarinic acetylcholine receptor mediates various cellular responses, including inhibition of adenylate cyclase, breakdown of phosphoinositides and modulation of potassium channels through the...
- Gene Name
- CHRM5
- Uniprot ID
- P08912
- Uniprot Name
- Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5
- Molecular Weight
- 60073.205 Da
References
- Mansfield KJ, Chandran JJ, Vaux KJ, Millard RJ, Christopoulos A, Mitchelson FJ, Burcher E: Comparison of receptor binding characteristics of commonly used muscarinic antagonists in human bladder detrusor and mucosa. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2009 Mar;328(3):893-9. doi: 10.1124/jpet.108.145508. Epub 2008 Nov 24. [Article]
Enzymes
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- Steroid hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function
- Responsible for the metabolism of many drugs and environmental chemicals that it oxidizes. It is involved in the metabolism of drugs such as antiarrhythmics, adrenoceptor antagonists, and tricyclic...
- Gene Name
- CYP2D6
- Uniprot ID
- P10635
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 2D6
- Molecular Weight
- 55768.94 Da
References
- Malhotra B, Guan Z, Wood N, Gandelman K: Pharmacokinetic profile of fesoterodine. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2008 Nov;46(11):556-63. [Article]
- Malhotra B, Dickins M, Alvey C, Jumadilova Z, Li X, Duczynski G, Gandelman K: Effects of the moderate CYP3A4 inhibitor, fluconazole, on the pharmacokinetics of fesoterodine in healthy subjects. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2011 Aug;72(2):263-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2011.04007.x. [Article]
- Malhotra B, Sachse R, Wood N: Evaluation of drug-drug interactions with fesoterodine. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2009 Jun;65(6):551-60. doi: 10.1007/s00228-009-0648-1. Epub 2009 Apr 4. [Article]
- Malhotra BK, Wood N, Sachse R: Influence of age, gender, and race on pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and safety of fesoterodine. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2009 Sep;47(9):570-8. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- Vitamin d3 25-hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It performs a variety of oxidation react...
- Gene Name
- CYP3A4
- Uniprot ID
- P08684
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 3A4
- Molecular Weight
- 57342.67 Da
References
- Malhotra B, Guan Z, Wood N, Gandelman K: Pharmacokinetic profile of fesoterodine. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2008 Nov;46(11):556-63. [Article]
- Malhotra B, Dickins M, Alvey C, Jumadilova Z, Li X, Duczynski G, Gandelman K: Effects of the moderate CYP3A4 inhibitor, fluconazole, on the pharmacokinetics of fesoterodine in healthy subjects. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2011 Aug;72(2):263-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2011.04007.x. [Article]
- Malhotra B, Sachse R, Wood N: Evaluation of drug-drug interactions with fesoterodine. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2009 Jun;65(6):551-60. doi: 10.1007/s00228-009-0648-1. Epub 2009 Apr 4. [Article]
- Malhotra BK, Wood N, Sachse R: Influence of age, gender, and race on pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and safety of fesoterodine. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2009 Sep;47(9):570-8. [Article]
Transporters
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- Xenobiotic-transporting atpase activity
- Specific Function
- Energy-dependent efflux pump responsible for decreased drug accumulation in multidrug-resistant cells.
- Gene Name
- ABCB1
- Uniprot ID
- P08183
- Uniprot Name
- Multidrug resistance protein 1
- Molecular Weight
- 141477.255 Da
References
- Chancellor MB, Staskin DR, Kay GG, Sandage BW, Oefelein MG, Tsao JW: Blood-brain barrier permeation and efflux exclusion of anticholinergics used in the treatment of overactive bladder. Drugs Aging. 2012 Apr 1;29(4):259-73. doi: 10.2165/11597530-000000000-00000. [Article]
Drug created at May 06, 2010 16:47 / Updated at September 25, 2023 04:25