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Metabolism and Physiological Effects of 3-Methylhistidine
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0126757MetabolicIn particular, older literature (mostly prior to the year 2000) as well as most biochemists and nutrition scientists incorrectly number the imidazole nitrogen atom most proximal to the side chain beta-carbon … histidine-containing peptides (such as anserine and ophidine/balenine).
Metabolism and Physiological Effects of O-Sulfotyrosine
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0126811MetabolicO-Sulfotyrosine belongs to the class of organic compounds known as phenylalanine and derivatives. … Secreted proteins and extracellular parts of membrane proteins that pass through the Golgi apparatus may be sulfated.
Metabolism and Physiological Effects of S-Adenosylhomocysteine
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0127690MetabolicIt is toxic to immature lymphocytes and can lead to immunosuppression. … Methionine can be obtained from foods such as meat, eggs, dairy products, and nuts and is converted to adenosylmethionine which is then further converted to adenosylhomocysteine in the hepatocytes of the
Alpha Linolenic Acid and Linoleic Acid Metabolism
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000018MetabolicLNA enters the cell and is catalyzed to gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) by acyl-CoA 6-desaturase (delta-6-desaturase/fatty acid desaturase 2). … Both LNA and ALA are essential dietary requirements for all mammals since they cannot be synthesized natively in the body.
Metabolism and Physiological Effects of Quinolinic Acid
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0123249Metabolic, and 3-hydroxyanthranilate 3,4-dioxygenase to form quinolinic acid. … Quinolinic acid is shown to have major neurotoxic effects on the brain by acting as an NMDA receptor agonist, causing excessive glutamate release and lipid peroxidation.
Drugs: Tryptophan · Quinolinic Acid · Kynurenine · Mesoheme · Flavin adenine dinucleotide · 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid +1 moreEnzymes: Neutral and basic amino acid transport protein rBATMetabolism and Physiological Effects of Uric acid
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0124845MetabolicUric acid can enter the blood and produce toxic effects on the cardiovascular, renal and joints, leading to cardiovascular disease, kidney disease and arthritis/ gout. … Adenosine then reacts with water to form inosine and ammonia using the enzyme adenosine deaminase. Inosine goes on to form hypoxanthine through the enzyme purine nucleoside phosphorylase.
Metabolism and Physiological Effects of Oxalic acid
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0124875MetabolicGlyoxylate is generated through glycine and hydroxyproline catabolism and can be converted to oxalate. In humans, this process takes place in the liver. … Glycine and hydroxyproline comes from protein sources in the diet such as red meat and eggs. Glycine Is converted into glyoxylate in the peroxisome by the enzyme d-amino acid oxidase.
Drugs: Pyridoxal phosphate · Ascorbic acid · Succinic acid · Glutamic acid · Glycine · Proline +4 moreEnzymes: Sodium- and chloride-dependent transporter XTRP3, Sodium- and chloride-dependent creatine transporter 1Metabolsim and Physiological Effects of Argininic acid
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0125504MetabolicArginnosuccinate is synthesized from citrulline and aspartic acid by the enzyme argininosuccinate synthase. That is catalyzed by argininosuccinate lyase to produce arginine and fumaric acid. … Argininic acid is a uremic toxin that is toxic to the nervous system, and it causes various neurlogical disorders such as variable degree of mental retardation, epilepsy and progressive spasticity.
Drugs: Pyridoxal phosphate · Arginine · Aspartic acid · Ornithine · L-Glutamine · Adenosine phosphate +10 moreMetabolism and Physiological Effects of 3-Deoxyglucosone
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0125516MetabolicIt normally is synthesized and accumulates with high serum glucose due to diabetes. 3-deoxyglucosone causes cell apoptosis and neurotoxicity. … An amino acid like arginine or lysine are combined with glucose to make a schiff base and water. The schiff base is unstable so it becomes the stable amadori product.
Metabolism and Physiological Effects of N-Acetylproline
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0126660MetabolicIn addition to the NAT enzymes and protein-based acetylation, N-acetylation of free proline can also occur. … N-acetylproline in the body can cause kidney damage and contribute to tumorigenesis, L-proline can be obtained from the diet from foods that are high in protein such as meat, fish, and dairy.