Sorbitol

Identification

Summary

Sorbitol is a product that can be used as a laxative to relieve constipation, and also as a urologic irrigating fluid. May also be used as a pharmaceutical sweetener.

Brand Names
Cystosol
Generic Name
Sorbitol
DrugBank Accession Number
DB01638
Background

A polyhydric alcohol with about half the sweetness of sucrose. Sorbitol occurs naturally and is also produced synthetically from glucose. It was formerly used as a diuretic and may still be used as a laxative and in irrigating solutions for some surgical procedures.

Type
Small Molecule
Groups
Approved
Structure
Weight
Average: 182.1718
Monoisotopic: 182.07903818
Chemical Formula
C6H14O6
Synonyms
  • (−)-sorbitol
  • D-(−)-sorbitol
  • D-glucitol
  • D-Sorbit
  • D-Sorbitol
  • G-ol
  • L-Gulitol
  • Sorbitol
External IDs
  • 7B5697N
  • E 420
  • E-420
  • E420
  • FEMA NO. 3029
  • NSC-25944

Pharmacology

Indication

Used as a non-stimulant laxative via an oral suspension or enema.

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Associated Conditions
Indication TypeIndicationCombined Product DetailsApproval LevelAge GroupPatient CharacteristicsDose Form
Used in combination to treatConstipationCombination Product in combination with: Docusate (DB11089)••• •••••••••••
Used in combination to treatConstipationCombination Product in combination with: Glycerin (DB09462)••••••••••••
Used in combination to treatConstipationCombination Product in combination with: Glycerin (DB09462)•••••••••••••••••••••
Treatment ofConstipation••• •••
Used in combination to treatConstipation caused by pregnancyCombination Product in combination with: Glycerin (DB09462)•••••••••••••••••
Associated Therapies
Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
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Pharmacodynamics

Not Available

Mechanism of action

Sorbitol exerts its laxative effect by drawing water into the large intestine, thereby stimulating bowel movements.

Absorption

Not Available

Volume of distribution

Not Available

Protein binding

Not Available

Metabolism
Not Available
Route of elimination

Sorbitol will either be excreted in the urine by the kidneys, or metabolized to carbon dioxide and dextrose.

Half-life

Not Available

Clearance

Not Available

Adverse Effects
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Toxicity

Acute oral toxicity (LD50): 15900 mg/kg [Rat].

Pathways
PathwayCategory
GalactosemiaDisease
Fructose and Mannose DegradationMetabolic
Galactose MetabolismMetabolic
FructosuriaDisease
Fructose Intolerance, HereditaryDisease
Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
Not Available

Interactions

Drug Interactions
This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
DrugInteraction
AbacavirAbacavir may decrease the excretion rate of Sorbitol which could result in a higher serum level.
AceclofenacAceclofenac may decrease the excretion rate of Sorbitol which could result in a higher serum level.
AcemetacinAcemetacin may decrease the excretion rate of Sorbitol which could result in a higher serum level.
AcetaminophenAcetaminophen may decrease the excretion rate of Sorbitol which could result in a higher serum level.
AcetazolamideThe risk or severity of dehydration can be increased when Acetazolamide is combined with Sorbitol.
Food Interactions
No interactions found.

Products

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Brand Name Prescription Products
NameDosageStrengthRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
SorbitolIrrigant30.00 g/1000.00mLIrrigationBaxter Healthcare Corporation1980-05-30Not applicableUS flag
SorbitolIrrigant3.3 g/100mLIrrigationB. Braun Medical Inc.1978-02-16Not applicableUS flag
Over the Counter Products
NameDosageStrengthRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
GeriCare Sorbitol SolutionLiquid70 mg/100mLRectalGeri-Care Pharmaceuticals, Corp2020-01-01Not applicableUS flag
Microlax EnemaEnema625 mg/1gRectalMEDIA NETWORKS SYDNEY PTY LIMITED2024-03-01Not applicableUS flag
SorbitolSolution258.2 g/474mLOralGeritrex Llc2012-07-17Not applicableUS flag
SorbitolSolution1 g/1mLRectalH&H Laboratories, Inc.2013-06-10Not applicableUS flag
SorbitolSolution13.5 g/15mLRectalGeri-Care Pharmaceuticals, Corp2000-01-012022-05-01US flag
Mixture Products
NameIngredientsDosageRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
Char-flo With Sorbitol - SusSorbitol (400 mg / mL) + Activated charcoal (208 mg / mL)SuspensionOralBallard Medical Products1997-08-202004-08-04Canada flag
CHI. JOA (Anti-inflammatory effect, antibacterial effect, stomatitis improvement, plaque removal)Sorbitol (1 g/100g) + Cinnamon (1 g/100g) + Levomenthol (1 g/100g) + Menthol (1 g/100g) + Myrrh (1 g/100g) + Pear (1 g/100g) + Peppermint (1 g/100g) + Sea salt (47 g/100g) + Silicon dioxide (1 g/100g) + Xylitol (1 g/100g)PowderTopicalBIOHERB Co., Ltd.2023-07-112024-07-10US flag
CreamSorbitol (4.5 mg/30mg) + Glycerin (3 mg/30mg) + Silicic acid (4.5 mg/30mg) + Xylitol (6 mg/30mg)PasteDentalShantou Youjia E-Commerce Co.,Ltd.2024-02-012024-12-31US flag
CreamSorbitol (3 mg/30mg) + Glycerin (9 mg/30mg) + Silicic acid (4.5 mg/30mg) + Xylitol (6 mg/30mg)CreamDentalShantou Youjia E-Commerce Co.,Ltd.2024-02-012024-12-31US flag
Cystosol W 3% HexitolsSorbitol (2.5 g / 100 mL) + Mannitol (500 mg / 100 mL)LiquidIrrigationBaxter Laboratories1989-12-31Not applicableCanada flag
Unapproved/Other Products
NameIngredientsDosageRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
CHI. JOA (Anti-inflammatory effect, antibacterial effect, stomatitis improvement, plaque removal)Sorbitol (1 g/100g) + Cinnamon (1 g/100g) + Levomenthol (1 g/100g) + Menthol (1 g/100g) + Myrrh (1 g/100g) + Pear (1 g/100g) + Peppermint (1 g/100g) + Sea salt (47 g/100g) + Silicon dioxide (1 g/100g) + Xylitol (1 g/100g)PowderTopicalBIOHERB Co., Ltd.2023-07-112024-07-10US flag
Microlax EnemaSorbitol (625 mg/1g)EnemaRectalMEDIA NETWORKS SYDNEY PTY LIMITED2024-03-01Not applicableUS flag

Categories

ATC Codes
B05CX02 — SorbitolV04CC01 — SorbitolA06AD18 — SorbitolA06AG07 — Sorbitol
Drug Categories
Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
Description
This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as sugar alcohols. These are hydrogenated forms of carbohydrate in which the carbonyl group (aldehyde or ketone, reducing sugar) has been reduced to a primary or secondary hydroxyl group.
Kingdom
Organic compounds
Super Class
Organic oxygen compounds
Class
Organooxygen compounds
Sub Class
Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates
Direct Parent
Sugar alcohols
Alternative Parents
Monosaccharides / Secondary alcohols / Polyols / Primary alcohols / Hydrocarbon derivatives
Substituents
Alcohol / Aliphatic acyclic compound / Hydrocarbon derivative / Monosaccharide / Polyol / Primary alcohol / Secondary alcohol / Sugar alcohol
Molecular Framework
Aliphatic acyclic compounds
External Descriptors
glucitol (CHEBI:17924)
Affected organisms
  • Humans and other mammals

Chemical Identifiers

UNII
506T60A25R
CAS number
50-70-4
InChI Key
FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N
InChI
InChI=1S/C6H14O6/c7-1-3(9)5(11)6(12)4(10)2-8/h3-12H,1-2H2/t3-,4+,5-,6-/m1/s1
IUPAC Name
(2R,3R,4R,5S)-hexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol
SMILES
OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO

References

Synthesis Reference

Gerhard Darsow, "Process for the preparation of epimer-free sugar alcohols from the group consisting of xylitol, sorbitol (D-glucitol), 4-O-.beta.-D-galactopyranosyl-D-glucitol and 4-O-.alpha.-D-glucopyranosyl-D-sorbitol." U.S. Patent US5162517, issued August, 1985.

US5162517
General References
Not Available
Human Metabolome Database
HMDB0000247
KEGG Drug
D00096
KEGG Compound
C00794
PubChem Compound
5780
PubChem Substance
46507030
ChemSpider
5576
RxNav
9945
ChEBI
17924
ChEMBL
CHEMBL1682
ZINC
ZINC000018279893
PharmGKB
PA451455
PDBe Ligand
SOR
Wikipedia
Sorbitol
PDB Entries
1d8c / 1fqa / 1fqb / 1xih / 2dxr / 2vft / 2xin / 3brf / 3xim / 4dvo
show 15 more
MSDS
Download (47.1 KB)

Clinical Trials

Clinical Trials
PhaseStatusPurposeConditionsCount
4CompletedOtherHuman Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infections1
4CompletedTreatmentConstipation / Ileus / Surgery1
3Active Not RecruitingTreatmentHereditary Motor and Sensory Neuropathies1
3CompletedTreatmentConstipation1
3CompletedTreatmentHyperkalemia1

Pharmacoeconomics

Manufacturers
Not Available
Packagers
Not Available
Dosage Forms
FormRouteStrength
SuspensionOral
PowderTopical
CreamDental
PasteDental
LiquidIrrigation
Injection, suspensionIntramuscular
LiquidRectal70 mg/100mL
Aerosol, sprayOral
SolutionIntravenous
GelRectal
EnemaRectal625 mg/1g
Enema; liquidRectal
LiquidRectal
EnemaRectal12.5 % w/w
EmulsionRectal
InjectionIntravenous17.5 g/100ml
Powder, for solutionOral
Powder, for solutionOral10 G
EnemaRectal0.35 g
AerosolOral
CapsuleOral
EnemaRectal
SolutionRectal
IrrigantIrrigation3.3 g/100mL
IrrigantIrrigation30.00 g/1000.00mL
SolutionOral258.2 g/474mL
SolutionRectal1 g/1mL
SolutionRectal13.5 g/15mL
SolutionIrrigation
Powder, for solutionOral5 g / pck
IrrigantUrethral
SprayOral
Prices
Not Available
Patents
Not Available

Properties

State
Solid
Experimental Properties
PropertyValueSource
melting point (°C)111http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/5780?from=summary
water solubility2.75E+006 mg/L (at 30 °C)MULLIN,JW (1972)
logP-2.20SANGSTER (1994)
logS1.09ADME Research, USCD
pKa13.6BENSON,FR (1978)
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility229.0 mg/mLALOGPS
logP-2.7ALOGPS
logP-3.7Chemaxon
logS0.1ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)12.59Chemaxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-3Chemaxon
Physiological Charge0Chemaxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count6Chemaxon
Hydrogen Donor Count6Chemaxon
Polar Surface Area121.38 Å2Chemaxon
Rotatable Bond Count5Chemaxon
Refractivity38.4 m3·mol-1Chemaxon
Polarizability17.12 Å3Chemaxon
Number of Rings0Chemaxon
Bioavailability1Chemaxon
Rule of FiveNoChemaxon
Ghose FilterNoChemaxon
Veber's RuleNoChemaxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemaxon
Predicted ADMET Features
PropertyValueProbability
Human Intestinal Absorption+0.6525
Blood Brain Barrier-0.5997
Caco-2 permeable-0.8958
P-glycoprotein substrateNon-substrate0.662
P-glycoprotein inhibitor INon-inhibitor0.9535
P-glycoprotein inhibitor IINon-inhibitor0.9551
Renal organic cation transporterNon-inhibitor0.9252
CYP450 2C9 substrateNon-substrate0.8706
CYP450 2D6 substrateNon-substrate0.878
CYP450 3A4 substrateNon-substrate0.7431
CYP450 1A2 substrateNon-inhibitor0.824
CYP450 2C9 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.9419
CYP450 2D6 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.9412
CYP450 2C19 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.9232
CYP450 3A4 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.9402
CYP450 inhibitory promiscuityLow CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity0.958
Ames testNon AMES toxic0.9132
CarcinogenicityNon-carcinogens0.7823
BiodegradationReady biodegradable0.8595
Rat acute toxicity1.1260 LD50, mol/kg Not applicable
hERG inhibition (predictor I)Weak inhibitor0.9709
hERG inhibition (predictor II)Non-inhibitor0.9329
ADMET data is predicted using admetSAR, a free tool for evaluating chemical ADMET properties. (23092397)

Spectra

Mass Spec (NIST)
Not Available
Spectra
SpectrumSpectrum TypeSplash Key
GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC 6890, Agilent Technologies)GC-MSsplash10-0ldj-0941000000-19d96a9ba7ba0c482c83
GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (6 TMS)GC-MSsplash10-014i-1973000000-d907b75f68a7927501a7
Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MSPredicted GC-MSsplash10-03k9-9500000000-97c5853d3e9b96f9d054
GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOFGC-MSsplash10-0ldj-0941000000-19d96a9ba7ba0c482c83
GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MSGC-MSsplash10-014i-1973000000-d907b75f68a7927501a7
GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOFGC-MSsplash10-0ktb-0931000000-4ffadb4b25e8e2510d93
MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 10V, Positive (Annotated)LC-MS/MSsplash10-017j-8900000000-700285f86eac0a3501d1
MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 25V, Positive (Annotated)LC-MS/MSsplash10-066r-9000000000-84676b839b145250d67d
MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 40V, Positive (Annotated)LC-MS/MSsplash10-052f-9000000000-dce72cab270c488d65da
MS/MS Spectrum - Linear Ion Trap , negativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-0ik9-2900000000-26a16e983791be7818f2
MS/MS Spectrum - Linear Ion Trap , negativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-0ik9-2900000000-6513771e890cbff9c402
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-014j-0900000000-58e6917626e28d1830a2
MS/MS Spectrum - Linear Ion Trap , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-001i-0900000000-83169b2192f847cc0636
MS/MS Spectrum - Linear Ion Trap , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-03di-0900000000-4cd721d87e359527adf3
MS/MS Spectrum - Linear Ion Trap , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-03di-0900000000-b44f68c64bc74e79e9fc
MS/MS Spectrum - Linear Ion Trap , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-001i-0900000000-bbb5e957a9e67ddc411e
MS/MS Spectrum - Linear Ion Trap , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-000i-0900000000-772c3052966c05f29842
MS/MS Spectrum - Linear Ion Trap , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-000i-0900000000-d1fbea514e7f1c1628f2
MS/MS Spectrum - Linear Ion Trap , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-0udi-0790000000-b5b098cd5b4b4ec10821
MS/MS Spectrum - Linear Ion Trap , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-0udi-0690000000-41d4e48d49836c63485c
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0002-1900000000-4ab672652f75cad56155
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0fk9-9400000000-4cd13edeb09c142d341a
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-01ox-9000000000-f19f32df289cd4120aa7
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0a4i-9000000000-ab60612ad89757b77d6f
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0007-9000000000-ff50dc2ad9d92f2d15c4
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0a4i-9000000000-bcb06a092689afa069a6
13C NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
1H NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
1H NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
Predicted 1H NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
Predicted 13C NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
[1H,13C] 2D NMR Spectrum2D NMRNot Applicable
Chromatographic Properties
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
AdductCCS Value (Å2)Source typeSource
[M-H]-140.7072088
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M-H]-141.4256088
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M-H]-140.9728088
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M-H]-140.6596088
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M-H]-137.9955088
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M-H]-144.37202
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+H]+141.0578088
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+H]+142.8872088
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+H]+144.5523088
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+H]+141.6874088
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+H]+136.6751088
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+H]+146.76758
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+Na]+140.4480088
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+Na]+142.4560627
predicted
DarkChem Standard v0.1.0
[M+Na]+141.4674088
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+Na]+140.3301088
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+Na]+137.8301088
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+Na]+152.6801
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)

Drug created at June 13, 2005 13:24 / Updated at March 28, 2024 03:23