Search
Taurine and Hypotaurine Metabolism
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000021Metabolicand returning them to the bile. … This includes acids such as chenodeoxycholic acid and cholic acid, and in turn the formation of bile salts occurs.
Pantothenate and CoA Biosynthesis
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000027MetabolicPantothenic acid, pantetheine 4’-phosphate and pantetheine are all found in red blood cells. … It is a precursor of coenzyme A, which is an essential part of many reactions in the body, specifically important in the production of compounds like cholesterol and different fatty acids.
Starch and Sucrose Metabolism
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000058MetabolicThe action of enterocytes of the small intestine microvilli further break down limit dextrins and disaccharides into monosaccharides: glucose, galactose, and fructose. … Amylase enzymes secreted in saliva by the parotid gland and in the small intestine play an important role in initiating starch digestion.
Drugs: Pyridoxal phosphate · NADH · ATP · Calcium · Magnesium cation · Uridine diphosphate glucose +4 moreSpermidine and Spermine Biosynthesis
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000445MetabolicSpermidine and spermine are produced in many tissues, as they are involved in the regulation of genetic processes from DNA synthesis to cell migration, proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. … The Spermidine and Spermine Biosynthesis pathway highlights the creation of these cruicial polyamines.
Metabolism and Physiological Effects of p-Cresol sulphate
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0126850Metabolicp-Cresol sulfate is a microbial metabolite that is found in urine and likely derives from secondary metabolism of p-cresol. … In the gut mucosa and in the liver, the majority of p-cresol will be conjugated into the uremic toxin p-cresyl sulfate by aryl sulfotransferases (EC 2.8.2.1.).
Phenylalanine and Tyrosine Metabolism
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000008Metabolicinto polypeptides (via tyrosyl tRNA synthetase and phenylalyl tRNA synthetase) and the conversion of phenylalanine to tyrosine via phenylalanine hydroxylase. … Tyrosine can be converted into L-DOPA, which is further converted into dopamine, norepinephrine (noradrenaline), and epinephrine (adrenaline).
Drugs: Pyridoxal phosphate · Phenylalanine · Adenosine phosphate · Tyrosine · Glutamic acid · ATP +11 moreArginine and Proline Metabolism
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000020MetabolicThe arginine and proline metabolism pathway illustrates the biosynthesis and metabolism of several amino acids including arginine, ornithine, proline, citrulline, and glutamate in mammals. … After this, the mitochondrial citrulline is released from the small intestine enterocytes and into the bloodstream where it is taken up by the kidneys for arginine production.
Drugs: Pyridoxal phosphate · Ademetionine · Arginine · Aspartic acid · Ornithine · Adenosine phosphate +21 moreValine, Leucine, and Isoleucine Degradation
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000032Metabolicand acetyl-CoA) and glucose (succinyl-CoA). … Leucine is ultimately converted into acetyl-CoA and acetoacetate; isoleucine into acetyl-CoA and succinyl-CoA; and valine into propionyl-CoA (and subsequently succinyl-CoA).
Threonine and 2-Oxobutanoate Degradation
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000452Metabolic2-oxobutanoate, also known as 2-Ketobutyric acid, is a 2-keto acid that is commonly produced in the metabolism of amino acids such as methionine and threonine. … E1 binds the 2-oxobutanoate to the lipoate on E2, which then transfers the propionyl group to coenzyme A, producing propionyl-CoA and reducing the lipoate.
Apoptotic DNA Fragmentation and Tissue Homeostasis
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0063772SignalingICAD and CAD exist in the nucleus in normal cells and is a major endonuclease in apoptosis. Its activation is normally caspase dependent. … EndoG resides in mitochondria in normal cells and travels to the nucleus, where it fragments chromosomal DNA upon activation of apoptosis.
Drugs: Zinc