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Metabolism and Physiological Effects of S-Adenosylhomocysteine
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0127690MetabolicIt is toxic to immature lymphocytes and can lead to immunosuppression. … Methionine can be obtained from foods such as meat, eggs, dairy products, and nuts and is converted to adenosylmethionine which is then further converted to adenosylhomocysteine in the hepatocytes of the
Alpha Linolenic Acid and Linoleic Acid Metabolism
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000018MetabolicBoth LNA and ALA are essential dietary requirements for all mammals since they cannot be synthesized natively in the body. … LNA enters the cell and is catalyzed to gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) by acyl-CoA 6-desaturase (delta-6-desaturase/fatty acid desaturase 2).
Metabolism and Physiological Effects of Quinolinic Acid
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0123249MetabolicQuinolinic acid is shown to have major neurotoxic effects on the brain by acting as an NMDA receptor agonist, causing excessive glutamate release and lipid peroxidation. … When this compound enters into systemic circulation it is shown to be a major uremic toxin when high levels of it are retained in the blood and not excreted in urine.
Drugs: Tryptophan · Quinolinic Acid · Kynurenine · Mesoheme · Flavin adenine dinucleotide · 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid +1 moreEnzymes: Neutral and basic amino acid transport protein rBATMetabolism and Physiological Effects of Uric acid
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0124845MetabolicUric acid can enter the blood and produce toxic effects on the cardiovascular, renal and joints, leading to cardiovascular disease, kidney disease and arthritis/ gout. … The purines are guanine and adenine. These undergo metabolism in the liver to form uric acid. Adenine forms adenosine through the enzyme purine nucleoside phosphorylase.
Metabolism and Physiological Effects of Oxalic acid
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0124875MetabolicGlyoxylate is generated through glycine and hydroxyproline catabolism and can be converted to oxalate. In humans, this process takes place in the liver. … Glycine and hydroxyproline comes from protein sources in the diet such as red meat and eggs. Glycine Is converted into glyoxylate in the peroxisome by the enzyme d-amino acid oxidase.
Drugs: Pyridoxal phosphate · Ascorbic acid · Succinic acid · Glutamic acid · Glycine · Proline +4 moreEnzymes: Sodium- and chloride-dependent transporter XTRP3, Sodium- and chloride-dependent creatine transporter 1Metabolsim and Physiological Effects of Argininic acid
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0125504MetabolicIn a healthy individual arginine would then continue in the urea cycle to synthesize urea and ornithine, however, due to the deficiency in arginase, arginine is accumulates in the liver, causing hyperargininemia … Argininic acid is an uremic toxin produced in people with hyperargininemia. Hyperargininemia is an inborn problem in the urea cycle caused by a deficiency in liver arginase.
Drugs: Pyridoxal phosphate · Arginine · Aspartic acid · Ornithine · L-Glutamine · Adenosine phosphate +10 moreMetabolism and Physiological Effects of 3-Deoxyglucosone
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0125516MetabolicIt normally is synthesized and accumulates with high serum glucose due to diabetes. 3-deoxyglucosone causes cell apoptosis and neurotoxicity. … An amino acid like arginine or lysine are combined with glucose to make a schiff base and water. The schiff base is unstable so it becomes the stable amadori product.
Metabolism and Physiological Effects of N-Acetylproline
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0126660MetabolicN-terminal acetylation of proteins is a widespread and highly conserved process in eukaryotes that is involved in protection and stability of proteins. … N-acetylproline in the body can cause kidney damage and contribute to tumorigenesis, L-proline can be obtained from the diet from foods that are high in protein such as meat, fish, and dairy.
Metabolism and Physiological Effects of N-Acetylvaline
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0126701MetabolicThe human NatA complex co-translationally acetylates N-termini that bear a small amino acid (A, S, T, C, and occasionally V and G). … N-terminal acetylation of proteins is a widespread and highly conserved process in eukaryotes that is involved in protection and stability of proteins.
Drugs: ValineMetabolism and Physiological Effects of N-Acetylmethionine
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0126707MetabolicThe human NatA complex co-translationally acetylates N-termini that bear a small amino acid (A, S, T, C, and occasionally V and G). … N-terminal acetylation of proteins is a widespread and highly conserved process in eukaryotes that is involved in protection and stability of proteins.