The finished DNA sequence of human chromosome 12.

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Scherer SE, Muzny DM, Buhay CJ, Chen R, Cree A, Ding Y, Dugan-Rocha S, Gill R, Gunaratne P, Harris RA, Hawes AC, Hernandez J, Hodgson AV, Hume J, Jackson A, Khan ZM, Kovar-Smith C, Lewis LR, Lozado RJ, Metzker ML, Milosavljevic A, Miner GR, Montgomery KT, Morgan MB, Nazareth LV, Scott G, Sodergren E, Song XZ, Steffen D, Lovering RC, Wheeler DA, Worley KC, Yuan Y, Zhang Z, Adams CQ, Ansari-Lari MA, Ayele M, Brown MJ, Chen G, Chen Z, Clerc-Blankenburg KP, Davis C, Delgado O, Dinh HH, Draper H, Gonzalez-Garay ML, Havlak P, Jackson LR, Jacob LS, Kelly SH, Li L, Li Z, Liu J, Liu W, Lu J, Maheshwari M, Nguyen BV, Okwuonu GO, Pasternak S, Perez LM, Plopper FJ, Santibanez J, Shen H, Tabor PE, Verduzco D, Waldron L, Wang Q, Williams GA, Zhang J, Zhou J, Allen CC, Amin AG, Anyalebechi V, Bailey M, Barbaria JA, Bimage KE, Bryant NP, Burch PE, Burkett CE, Burrell KL, Calderon E, Cardenas V, Carter K, Casias K, Cavazos I, Cavazos SR, Ceasar H, Chacko J, Chan SN, Chavez D, Christopoulos C, Chu J, Cockrell R, Cox CD, Dang M, Dathorne SR, David R, Davis CM, Davy-Carroll L, Deshazo DR, Donlin JE, D'Souza L, Eaves KA, Egan A, Emery-Cohen AJ, Escotto M, Flagg N, Forbes LD, Gabisi AM, Garza M, Hamilton C, Henderson N, Hernandez O, Hines S, Hogues ME, Huang M, Idlebird DG, Johnson R, Jolivet A, Jones S, Kagan R, King LM, Leal B, Lebow H, Lee S, LeVan JM, Lewis LC, London P, Lorensuhewa LM, Loulseged H, Lovett DA, Lucier A, Lucier RL, Ma J, Madu RC, Mapua P, Martindale AD, Martinez E, Massey E, Mawhiney S, Meador MG, Mendez S, Mercado C, Mercado IC, Merritt CE, Miner ZL, Minja E, Mitchell T, Mohabbat F, Mohabbat K, Montgomery B, Moore N, Morris S, Munidasa M, Ngo RN, Nguyen NB, Nickerson E, Nwaokelemeh OO, Nwokenkwo S, Obregon M, Oguh M, Oragunye N, Oviedo RJ, Parish BJ, Parker DN, Parrish J, Parks KL, Paul HA, Payton BA, Perez A, Perrin W, Pickens A, Primus EL, Pu LL, Puazo M, Quiles MM, Quiroz JB, Rabata D, Reeves K, Ruiz SJ, Shao H, Sisson I, Sonaike T, Sorelle RP, Sutton AE, Svatek AF, Svetz LA, Tamerisa KS, Taylor TR, Teague B, Thomas N, Thorn RD, Trejos ZY, Trevino BK, Ukegbu ON, Urban JB, Vasquez LI, Vera VA, Villasana DM, Wang L, Ward-Moore S, Warren JT, Wei X, White F, Williamson AL, Wleczyk R, Wooden HS, Wooden SH, Yen J, Yoon L, Yoon V, Zorrilla SE, Nelson D, Kucherlapati R, Weinstock G, Gibbs RA

The finished DNA sequence of human chromosome 12.

Nature. 2006 Mar 16;440(7082):346-51.

PubMed ID
16541075 [ View in PubMed
]
Abstract

Human chromosome 12 contains more than 1,400 coding genes and 487 loci that have been directly implicated in human disease. The q arm of chromosome 12 contains one of the largest blocks of linkage disequilibrium found in the human genome. Here we present the finished sequence of human chromosome 12, which has been finished to high quality and spans approximately 132 megabases, representing approximately 4.5% of the human genome. Alignment of the human chromosome 12 sequence across vertebrates reveals the origin of individual segments in chicken, and a unique history of rearrangement through rodent and primate lineages. The rate of base substitutions in recent evolutionary history shows an overall slowing in hominids compared with primates and rodents.

DrugBank Data that Cites this Article

Polypeptides
NameUniProt ID
Glutaminase liver isoform, mitochondrialQ9UI32Details
Nitric oxide synthase 1P29475Details
Tryptophan 5-hydroxylase 2Q8IWU9Details
Histidine ammonia-lyaseP42357Details
Aldehyde dehydrogenase, mitochondrialP05091Details
Retinoic acid receptor gammaP13631Details
Scavenger receptor class B member 1Q8WTV0Details
Amiloride-sensitive sodium channel subunit alphaP37088Details
Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase [NAD(+)], cytoplasmicP21695Details
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-1Q9Y478Details
Serine hydroxymethyltransferase, mitochondrialP34897Details
Acid-sensing ion channel 1P78348Details
Tyrosine--tRNA ligase, mitochondrialQ9Y2Z4Details
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1CQ13936Details
Monocarboxylate transporter 2O60669Details
4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenaseP32754Details
Activin receptor type-1-likeP37023Details
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 9O60706Details
Branched-chain-amino-acid aminotransferase, cytosolicP54687Details
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenaseP04406Details
Methionine--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmicP56192Details
Activin receptor type-1BP36896Details
Anti-Muellerian hormone type-2 receptorQ16671Details
Acetyl-CoA carboxylase 2O00763Details
NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 12Q9UI09Details
Vitamin D3 receptorP11473Details
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 1Q09470Details
Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 3P49019Details
Alpha-2-macroglobulinP01023Details
E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2Q00987Details
von Willebrand factorP04275Details
Cyclin-dependent kinase 2P24941Details
Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1AP19438Details
Tubulin alpha-1A chainQ71U36Details
Methionine aminopeptidase 2P50579Details
Leukotriene A-4 hydrolaseP09960Details
Bile acid receptorQ96RI1Details
Early endosome antigen 1Q15075Details
Thioredoxin reductase 1, cytoplasmicQ16881Details
Sodium channel protein type 8 subunit alphaQ9UQD0Details
Complement C1r subcomponentP00736Details
Keratin, type II cytoskeletal 8P05787Details
Prolow-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1Q07954Details
Vesicle-associated membrane protein 1P23763Details
Collagen alpha-1(II) chainP02458Details
DNA oxidative demethylase ALKBH2Q6NS38Details
Cyclin-dependent kinase 4P11802Details
Microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1P10620Details
Diacylglycerol kinase alphaP23743Details
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-3P54284Details
Keratin, type II cytoskeletal 7P08729Details
Prostaglandin E synthase 3Q15185Details
Scavenger receptor cysteine-rich type 1 protein M130Q86VB7Details
Insulin-like growth factor IP05019Details
Sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2P16615Details
Guanylyl cyclase CP25092Details
Histone deacetylase 7Q8WUI4Details
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B3Q9NPD5Details
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1C1Q9NYB5Details
Matrix metalloproteinase-17Q9ULZ9Details
Matrix metalloproteinase-19Q99542Details
Chymotrypsin-like elastase family member 1Q9UNI1Details
Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase betaP23467Details
Triosephosphate isomeraseP60174Details
Lens fiber major intrinsic proteinP30301Details
Phospholipase A2P04054Details
Polyubiquitin-CP0CG48Details
Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4Q9NWZ3Details
Hepatocyte nuclear factor 1-alphaP20823Details
ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 1P40616Details
Gamma-enolaseP09104Details
2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthase 1P00973Details
Sterol O-acyltransferase 2O75908Details
Electroneutral sodium bicarbonate exchanger 1Q2Y0W8Details
Sodium-coupled monocarboxylate transporter 1Q8N695Details
Voltage-gated potassium channel KCNC2Q96PR1Details
Sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 2Q9NSD5Details
Sodium- and chloride-dependent betaine transporterP48065Details
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-1P54619Details
Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate-gated calcium channel ITPR2Q14571Details
Cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-1P18846Details
Cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-7P17544Details
Adhesion G-protein coupled receptor D1Q6QNK2Details
P2X purinoceptor 4Q99571Details
Matrix Gla proteinP08493Details
Natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 2P49281Details
Prohibitin-2Q99623Details
Diablo IAP-binding mitochondrial proteinQ9NR28Details
Keratin, type II cytoskeletal 1P04264Details
Keratin, type II cytoskeletal 2 epidermalP35908Details
Pregnancy zone proteinP20742Details
C-type lectin domain family 4 member EQ9ULY5Details
Voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-4Q7Z3S7Details
Serine/threonine-protein kinase 38-likeQ9Y2H1Details
Serine/threonine-protein kinase TAO3Q9H2K8Details
Serine/threonine-protein kinase ULK1O75385Details
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 2Q96RR4Details
Citron Rho-interacting kinaseO14578Details
Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 3Q9Y616Details
Leucine-rich repeat serine/threonine-protein kinase 2Q5S007Details
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 12Q12852Details
NUAK family SNF1-like kinase 1O60285Details
Cyclin-dependent kinase 17Q00537Details
Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase C2 domain-containing subunit gammaO75747Details
Phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate 4-kinase type-2 gammaQ8TBX8Details
P2X purinoceptor 7Q99572Details
P2X purinoceptor 2Q9UBL9Details
Receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-3P21860Details
Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6P29350Details
P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1Q14242Details
CD27 antigenP26842Details
G1/S-specific cyclin-D2P30279Details
Melanocyte protein PMELP40967Details