Nitroglycerin
Identification
- Name
- Nitroglycerin
- Accession Number
- DB00727
- Description
Nitroglycerin is a vasodilator drug used for the treatment of chest pain and high blood pressure.12,13 It was first approved in 2000 and is currently marketed by Pfizer, and other companies, depending on the dosage form.12,15 Nitroglycerin is available in various forms, including a spray form, sublingual tablet form, intravenous form, extended-release tablet form, and transdermal form. A less commonly known fact is that in addition to treating angina, nitroglycerin is also used in an ointment to treat the pain that accompanies anal fissures. The rectal ointment form of nitroglycerin was approved by the FDA in 1955.14
- Type
- Small Molecule
- Groups
- Approved, Investigational
- Structure
Structure for Nitroglycerin (DB00727)
- Weight
- Average: 227.0865
Monoisotopic: 227.002578773 - Chemical Formula
- C3H5N3O9
- Synonyms
- 1,2,3-propanetrioltrinitrate
- 1,2,3-propanetriyl nitrate
- Glycerin trinitrate
- Glycerol trinitrate
- Glycerol, nitric acid triester
- Glyceroli trinitratis
- Glyceroltrinitrat
- Glyceryl trinitrate
- NG
- Nitroglicerina
- Nitroglycerin
- Nitroglycerine
- Nitroglycerol
- Nitromed
- Propane-1,2,3-triyl trinitrate
- Trinitrine
- Trinitroglycerin
- Trinitroglycerol
- External IDs
- DR 66
- IMX-150
Pharmacology
- Indication
Nitroglycerin is indicated for various purposes.15 It is indicated to prevent and treat angina or chest pain due to cardiovascular disease, as well as to treat peri-operative hypertension or induce intra-operative hypotension.13,16 It is also indicated to treat acute heart failure in patients with myocardial infarction.16 In the ointment form, nitroglycerin is indicated to treat pain caused by anal fissures.14 The transdermal form is applied directly to the skin to prevent acute anginal attacks.20
The intravenous form is used off-label in emergency settings and is commonly used to treat acute coronary spasm caused by cocaine, hypertensive emergencies, as well as acute congestive heart failure exacerbations.12 Some other off-label uses of nitroglycerin include management of variceal hemorrhage10, management of esophageal spasticity11, and induction of uterine relaxation.9
- Associated Conditions
- Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
Learn about our commercial Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings data.
Learn More- Pharmacodynamics
Nitroglycerin causes the relaxation of vascular smooth muscles, causing arteriolar and venous dilatation. It reduces cardiac preload and afterload and reduces coronary artery spasm, decreasing systemic vascular resistance as well as systolic and diastolic blood pressure.13 The reduction of cardiac work by nitroglycerin is thought to cause the most relief of anginal symptoms, with some contributions from arteriolar dilatation effects.12
- Mechanism of action
Nitroglycerin is converted by mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (mtALDH) to nitric oxide (NO), an active substance which then activates the enzyme guanylate cyclase.2 The activation of this enzyme is followed by the synthesis of cyclic guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cGMP), activating a cascade of protein kinase-dependent phosphorylation events in smooth muscles. This process eventually leads to the dephosphorylation of the myosin light chain of smooth muscles, causing relaxation and increased blood flow in veins, arteries and cardiac tissue.3,12. The above processes lead to decreased work of the heart decreased blood pressure, relief of anginal symptoms, and increased blood flow to the myocardium.3,12,17One in vitro study using mouse aorta suggests that nitric oxide (an activated metabolite of nitroglycerin) targets the natriuretic peptide receptors.7
Target Actions Organism AAtrial natriuretic peptide receptor 1 agonistHumans - Absorption
Nitroglycerin is rapidly absorbed and is often used in emergency situations for this reason.12 After a sublingual dose of 0.5 mg of nitroglycerin, peak concentration was reached by an average of in 4.4 minutes after administration and was measured to be 2.56 ng/ml.4
Cmax following a 0.6mg dose of sublingual nitroglycerin was measured to be 2.1 ng/mL and AUC was 14.9 minutes, and Tmax was 7.2 minutes.13 Absolute bioavailability after the administration of sublingual nitroglycerin tablets is about 40%. The bioavailability of nitroglycerin depends on factors such as mucosal metabolism and hydration status, which both affect the absorption of sublingual drugs.13
- Volume of distribution
The volume of distribution of nitroglycerin is 3 L/kg.16
- Protein binding
After a sublingual dose of nitroglycerin, at concentrations in the plasma ranging from 50 to 500 ng/mL, plasma protein binding of nitroglycerin is about 60%. The plasma protein binding of the metabolites 1,2-dinitroglycerin is 60% and that of 1,3-dinitroglycerin is 30%.13
- Metabolism
The enzyme mitchochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase is known to cause the bioactivation of nitroglycerin. Nitroglycerin is metabolized to nitrite, 1,2-glyceryl dinitrate, and 1,3 glyceryl dinitrate.8,16 Nitrite is then metabolized to nitric oxide or S-nitrosothiol.8 The 1,2-and 1,3-dinitroglycerols are less potent in strength than nitroglycerin, but they have longer half-lives, explaining some prolonged effects of nitrates. Both dinitrates are subsequently metabolized to mononitrates that are not active on the blood vessels, and to glycerol and carbon dioxide in the final step of metabolism.6,16
Hover over products below to view reaction partners
- Route of elimination
Metabolism is the main route by which nitroglycerin is eliminated from the body.13
- Half-life
In a pharmacokinetic study, the plasma half-life of intravenously administered nitroglycerin was 2.8 ± 0.9 minutes.5 The FDA label for the intravenous form of nitroglycerin indicates a similar plasma half-life of about 3 minutes.16 A pharmacokinetic study using sublingual nitroglycerin estimated the plasma half-life to be approximately 6 minutes.4 The elimination half-lives of 1,2- and 1,3-dinitroglycerin (metabolites of nitroglycerin)range between 32-26 minutes.13
- Clearance
The FDA label for the intravenous form of nitroglycerin estimates clearance to be 1 L/kg/min.16 Apparent clearance after a sublingual dose was measured to be 21.9 L/min in a pharmacokinetic study of 22 patients with ischemic heart disease and angina.4
- Adverse Effects
Learn about our commercial Adverse Effects data.
Learn More- Toxicity
LD50 information The oral LD50 of nitroglycerin in rats is 105 mg/kg and the LD50 of the intravenous form in rats is 23.2 mg/kg.18
Overdose information An overdose of nitroglycerin can lead to a variety of hemodynamic effects. General effects may include vertigo, fever, flushed skin, and diaphoresis. Cardiorespiratory symptoms may include syncope, dyspnea, decreased heart rate, or palpitations. Neurologic manifestations can include paralysis, seizures, coma, and death.16 There are no known antidotes to an overdose of nitroglycerin, and it is not known whether its metabolites can be removed from the circulation.13,16 If hypotension occurs due to an overdose with nitroglycerin, elevate the lower limbs and administer an intravenous infusion of normal saline or other fluids if necessary to maintain central fluid volume.13,16
- Affected organisms
- Humans and other mammals
- Pathways
- Not Available
- Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
- Not Available
Interactions
- Drug Interactions
- This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
Drug Interaction Unlock Additional DataAcebutolol Nitroglycerin may increase the hypotensive activities of Acebutolol. Aceclofenac The therapeutic efficacy of Nitroglycerin can be decreased when used in combination with Aceclofenac. Acemetacin The therapeutic efficacy of Nitroglycerin can be decreased when used in combination with Acemetacin. Acetaminophen The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Acetaminophen is combined with Nitroglycerin. Acetylsalicylic acid The serum concentration of Nitroglycerin can be increased when it is combined with Acetylsalicylic acid. Alclofenac The therapeutic efficacy of Nitroglycerin can be decreased when used in combination with Alclofenac. Aldesleukin The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Aldesleukin is combined with Nitroglycerin. Alfentanil Alfentanil may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Nitroglycerin. Alfuzosin Alfuzosin may increase the hypotensive activities of Nitroglycerin. Aliskiren Nitroglycerin may increase the hypotensive activities of Aliskiren. Additional Data Available- Extended DescriptionExtended DescriptionAvailable for Purchase
Extended description of the mechanism of action and particular properties of each drug interaction.
Learn more - SeveritySeverityAvailable for Purchase
A severity rating for each drug interaction, from minor to major.
Learn more - Evidence LevelEvidence LevelAvailable for Purchase
A rating for the strength of the evidence supporting each drug interaction.
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An effect category for each drug interaction. Know how this interaction affects the subject drug.
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- Food Interactions
- Avoid alcohol.
Products
Purchasing individual compounds or compound libraries for your research?
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- International/Other Brands
- Deponit (UCB Pharma) / Dermatrans (Bayer) / Gen-Nitro (Genpharm ULC) / Glytrin (Sanofi-Aventis) / Glytrin Spray (Sanofi-Aventis) / Natispray (Teofarma) / Nitrocap (Orion) / Nitroderm TTS (Novartis) / Nitrolingual Pump Spray (Arbor Pharmaceuticals) / Rectogesic (ProStrakan) / Stangyl / Transderm-Nitro (Novartis) / Tridil / Trimonit (Sanofi-Aventis) / Trinipatch (Paladin) / Triniplas (Novartis) / Trinispray (Sanofi Aventis) / Trinitrin Simplex Laleuf (Sanofi) / Trinitron (Quesada) / Trinitrosan (Merck) / Trintek (Goldshield) / Trocer (Incepta) / Trocer SR (Incepta) / Vasolator (Sanwa Kagaku) / Vasovin (Torrent) / Venitrin (Meda) / Vernies (Parke Davis) / Willlong (Will-Pharma)
- Brand Name Prescription Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Unlock Additional DataGonitro Powder 400 ug/1 Sublingual Espero Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 2016-07-01 Not applicable US 
Gonitro Powder 400 ug/1 Sublingual Allegis Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 2019-07-01 Not applicable US Minitran Patch 0.2 mg Transdermal Valeant Canada Lp Valeant Canada S.E.C. 1995-12-31 Not applicable Canada 
Minitran Patch 0.4 mg Transdermal Valeant Canada Lp Valeant Canada S.E.C. 1995-12-31 Not applicable Canada Minitran Patch 0.6 mg Transdermal Valeant Canada Lp Valeant Canada S.E.C. 1995-12-31 Not applicable Canada Minitran - Patch Trd 72mg/26.6 Sq Cm Patch Transdermal Graceway Pharmaceuticals Not applicable Not applicable Canada Nitro-dur Patch 120 mg/1 Transdermal Ingenus Pharmaceuticals, LLC 2017-12-06 Not applicable US Nitro-dur Patch 160 mg/1 Transdermal Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. 1995-04-04 2017-06-02 US Nitro-dur Patch 60 mg/1 Transdermal Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. 1995-04-04 2017-06-02 US Nitro-dur Patch 40 mg/1 Transdermal Ingenus Pharmaceuticals, LLC 2017-12-06 Not applicable US Additional Data Available- Application NumberApplication NumberAvailable for Purchase
A unique ID assigned by the FDA when a product is submitted for approval by the labeller.
Learn more - Product CodeProduct CodeAvailable for Purchase
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- Generic Prescription Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Unlock Additional DataApo-nitroglycerin Sublingual Apotex Corporation 2013-09-23 Not applicable Canada Minitran Patch 36 mg/1 Transdermal Bausch Health US, LLC 2012-02-21 Not applicable US Minitran Patch 18000 ug/1 Transdermal 3M Company 1996-08-30 2006-12-29 US Minitran Patch 5 mg/1d Transdermal Graceway Pharmaceuticals 2007-04-01 Not applicable US Minitran Patch 18 mg/1[USP'U] Transdermal Physicians Total Care, Inc. 2012-02-21 2012-06-30 US Minitran Patch 18 mg/1 Transdermal Bausch Health US, LLC 2012-02-21 Not applicable US Minitran Patch 54000 ug/1 Transdermal 3M Company 1996-08-30 2006-12-29 US Minitran Patch 9000 ug/1 Transdermal 3M Company 1996-08-30 2006-12-29 US Minitran Patch 15 mg/1d Transdermal Graceway Pharmaceuticals 2007-04-01 Not applicable US Minitran Patch 2.5 mg/1d Transdermal Graceway Pharmaceuticals 2007-04-01 Not applicable US Additional Data Available- Application NumberApplication NumberAvailable for Purchase
A unique ID assigned by the FDA when a product is submitted for approval by the labeller.
Learn more - Product CodeProduct CodeAvailable for Purchase
A governmentally-recognized ID which uniquely identifies the product within its regulatory market.
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- Mixture Products
Name Ingredients Dosage Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Nitroglycerin In 5% Dextrose Inj.-100mcg/ml Nitroglycerin (10 mg) + Dextrose, unspecified form (5 g) Solution Intravenous Baxter Laboratories 1995-12-31 2016-02-26 Canada Nitroglycerin In 5% Dextrose Inj.-200mcg/ml Nitroglycerin (20 mg) + Dextrose, unspecified form (5 g) Solution Intravenous Baxter Laboratories 1995-12-31 Not applicable Canada Nitroglycerin In 5% Dextrose Inj.-400mcg/ml Nitroglycerin (40 mg) + Dextrose, unspecified form (5 g) Solution Intravenous Baxter Laboratories 1995-12-31 Not applicable Canada - Unapproved/Other Products
Name Ingredients Dosage Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Nitro-time Nitroglycerin (2.5 mg/1) Capsule Oral TIME CAP LABORATORIES, INC 2014-06-19 Not applicable US Nitro-Time Nitroglycerin (6.5 mg/1) Capsule Oral Major Pharmaceuticals 2004-01-29 2022-02-28 US 
Nitro-time Nitroglycerin (9 mg/1) Capsule Oral TIME CAP LABORATORIES, INC 2014-06-19 Not applicable US Nitro-Time Nitroglycerin (6.5 mg/1) Capsule Oral Avera McKennan Hospital 2015-04-24 2017-05-24 US Nitro-Time Nitroglycerin (2.5 mg/1) Capsule Oral Major Pharmaceuticals 2004-01-29 2022-10-31 US Nitro-Time Nitroglycerin (2.5 mg/1) Capsule Oral Carilion Materials Management 2004-01-29 Not applicable US Nitro-Time Nitroglycerin (9.0 mg/1) Capsule Oral Major Pharmaceuticals 2004-01-29 2022-12-31 US Nitro-time Nitroglycerin (6.5 mg/1) Capsule Oral TIME CAP LABORATORIES, INC 2014-06-19 Not applicable US Nitro-Time Nitroglycerin (6.5 mg/1) Capsule Oral Carilion Materials Management 2004-01-29 Not applicable US 
Nitroglycerin Nitroglycerin (0.4 mg/1) Tablet Oral Preferred Pharmaceuticals, Inc 2005-03-03 2019-01-25 US
Categories
- ATC Codes
- C01DA02 — Glyceryl trinitrate
- C01DA — Organic nitrates
- C01D — VASODILATORS USED IN CARDIAC DISEASES
- C01 — CARDIAC THERAPY
- C — CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
- C01DA — Organic nitrates
- C01D — VASODILATORS USED IN CARDIAC DISEASES
- C01 — CARDIAC THERAPY
- C — CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
- Drug Categories
- Agents for Treatment of Hemorrhoids and Anal Fissures for Topical Use
- Antianginal Agents
- Antihypertensive Agents
- Cardiac Therapy
- Cardiovascular Agents
- Compounds used in a research, industrial, or household setting
- Explosive Agents
- Hypotensive Agents
- Methemoglobinemia Associated Agents
- Nitrate Vasodilator
- Nitrates and Nitrites
- Nitro Compounds
- Organic Nitrates
- Vasodilating Agents
- Vasodilation
- Vasodilators Used in Cardiac Diseases
- Vasoprotectives
- Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
- Description
- This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as alkyl nitrates. These are organic compounds containing a nitrate that is O-linked to an alkyl group.
- Kingdom
- Organic compounds
- Super Class
- Organic oxygen compounds
- Class
- Organic oxoanionic compounds
- Sub Class
- Organic nitrates
- Direct Parent
- Alkyl nitrates
- Alternative Parents
- Organic nitro compounds / Organic nitric acids and derivatives / Organooxygen compounds / Organic oxides / Organic nitrogen compounds / Hydrocarbon derivatives
- Substituents
- Aliphatic acyclic compound / Alkyl nitrate / Allyl-type 1,3-dipolar organic compound / Hydrocarbon derivative / Organic 1,3-dipolar compound / Organic nitric acid or derivatives / Organic nitro compound / Organic nitrogen compound / Organic oxide / Organooxygen compound
- Molecular Framework
- Aliphatic acyclic compounds
- External Descriptors
- nitroglycerol (CHEBI:28787) / a small molecule (CPD-143)
Chemical Identifiers
- UNII
- G59M7S0WS3
- CAS number
- 55-63-0
- InChI Key
- SNIOPGDIGTZGOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- InChI
- InChI=1S/C3H5N3O9/c7-4(8)13-1-3(15-6(11)12)2-14-5(9)10/h3H,1-2H2
- IUPAC Name
- 1,3-bis(nitrooxy)propan-2-yl nitrate
- SMILES
- [O-][N+](=O)OCC(CO[N+]([O-])=O)O[N+]([O-])=O
References
- Synthesis Reference
Izhak Blank, "Nitroglycerin preparations." U.S. Patent US4482534, issued December, 1979.
US4482534- General References
- Ignarro LJ: After 130 years, the molecular mechanism of action of nitroglycerin is revealed. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Jun 11;99(12):7816-7. doi: 10.1073/pnas.132271799. [PubMed:12060725]
- Chen Z, Zhang J, Stamler JS: Identification of the enzymatic mechanism of nitroglycerin bioactivation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Jun 11;99(12):8306-11. doi: 10.1073/pnas.122225199. Epub 2002 Jun 4. [PubMed:12048254]
- Ferreira JC, Mochly-Rosen D: Nitroglycerin use in myocardial infarction patients. Circ J. 2012;76(1):15-21. Epub 2011 Nov 1. [PubMed:22040938]
- Blagodatskikh SV, Piotrovskii VK, Metelits VI, Riabokon' OS, Martsevich SIu: [Pharmacokinetics of glycerin trinitrate (nitroglycerin) after sublingual administration in patients with chronic ischemic heart disease]. Farmakol Toksikol. 1987 Nov-Dec;50(6):59-63. [PubMed:3125063]
- McNiff EF, Yacobi A, Young-Chang FM, Golden LH, Goldfarb A, Fung HL: Nitroglycerin pharmacokinetics after intravenous infusion in normal subjects. J Pharm Sci. 1981 Sep;70(9):1054-8. [PubMed:6101155]
- Cossum PA, Roberts MS, Yong AC, Kilpatrick D: Distribution and metabolism of nitroglycerin and its metabolites in vascular beds of sheep. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1986 Jun;237(3):959-66. [PubMed:3086541]
- Madhani M, Scotland RS, MacAllister RJ, Hobbs AJ: Vascular natriuretic peptide receptor-linked particulate guanylate cyclases are modulated by nitric oxide-cyclic GMP signalling. Br J Pharmacol. 2003 Aug;139(7):1289-96. [PubMed:12890708]
- Chen Z, Stamler JS: Bioactivation of nitroglycerin by the mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase. Trends Cardiovasc Med. 2006 Nov;16(8):259-65. doi: 10.1016/j.tcm.2006.05.001. [PubMed:17055381]
- Smith GN, Brien JF: Use of nitroglycerin for uterine relaxation. Obstet Gynecol Surv. 1998 Sep;53(9):559-65. [PubMed:9751938]
- Burns SM, Martin M, Merrill P, Luer J, Stone DD: Evaluation and revision of a vasopressin/nitroglycerin protocol for use in variceal bleeding. Am J Crit Care. 1993 May;2(3):202-7. [PubMed:8364671]
- Swamy N: Esophageal spasm: clinical and manometric response to nitroglycerine and long acting nitrites. Gastroenterology. 1977 Jan;72(1):23-7. [PubMed:401445]
- Kyle H. Kim; Derek J. Schaller (2019). Nitroglycerin. Stat Pearls publishing.
- Nitrostat® (Nitroglycerin) FDA Label [Link]
- Rectiv FDA label [Link]
- FDA Approved Drug Products: Apadaz (benzhydrocodone and acetaminophen) tablets [Link]
- Nitroglycerin in Dextrose FDA label [Link]
- Nitroglycerin pump spray monograph [Link]
- Nitroglycerin MSDS, Pfizer [Link]
- MSDS, Nitroglycerin [Link]
- Transdermal nitroglycerin [Link]
- External Links
- Human Metabolome Database
- HMDB0014865
- KEGG Drug
- D00515
- KEGG Compound
- C07455
- PubChem Compound
- 4510
- PubChem Substance
- 46509120
- ChemSpider
- 4354
- 4917
- ChEBI
- 28787
- ChEMBL
- CHEMBL730
- ZINC
- ZINC000008214625
- Therapeutic Targets Database
- DNC001024
- PharmGKB
- PA450644
- PDBe Ligand
- TNG
- RxList
- RxList Drug Page
- Drugs.com
- Drugs.com Drug Page
- PDRhealth
- PDRhealth Drug Page
- Wikipedia
- Nitroglycerin
- AHFS Codes
- 24:12.08 — Nitrates and Nitrites
- PDB Entries
- 4fr8
Clinical Trials
- Clinical Trials
Phase Status Purpose Conditions Count 4 Active Not Recruiting Treatment Cardiovascular Heart Disease / Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) 1 4 Completed Diagnostic Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 1 4 Completed Other Cardiopulmonary Bypass / Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) 1 4 Completed Prevention Anginal Pain / Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) / Radial Artery Spasm 1 4 Completed Prevention Contrast Induced Nephropathy (CIN) / Prophylaxis of Contrast-induced nephropathy 1 4 Completed Supportive Care Deliberate Hypotension / Sinus Endoscopic Surgery / Tissue Perfusion 1 4 Completed Supportive Care Managing Preterm Labor 1 4 Completed Treatment Acute Heart Failure (AHF) 1 4 Completed Treatment Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) / Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) 1 4 Completed Treatment Angina Pectoris 1
Pharmacoeconomics
- Manufacturers
- Novadel pharma inc
- Pohl boskamp
- Graceway pharmaceuticals llc
- Key pharmaceuticals inc sub schering plough corp
- Hercon laboratories corp
- Kremers urban co
- Mylan technologies inc
- Novartis pharmaceuticals corp
- G pohl boskamp gmbh and co
- Sanofi aventis us llc
- Abraxis pharmaceutical products
- Hospira inc
- International medication systems ltd
- Luitpold pharmaceuticals inc
- Smith and nephew solopak div smith and nephew
- Baxter healthcare corp
- Rorer pharmaceutical corp sub rorer group
- Parke davis div warner lambert co
- E fougera div altana inc
- Pfizer pharmaceuticals ltd
- Packagers
- 3M Health Care
- Akrimax Pharmaceuticals
- American Regent
- A-S Medication Solutions LLC
- Baxter International Inc.
- Bradley Pharmaceuticals Inc.
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Co.
- C.O. Truxton Inc.
- Cardinal Health
- Concord Labs
- Dispensing Solutions
- Diversified Healthcare Services Inc.
- E. Fougera and Co.
- Eon Labs
- Ethex Corp.
- G Pohl Boskamp GmbH and Co. KG
- Glenmark Generics Ltd.
- Glenmark Pharmaceuticals
- Graceway Pharmaceuticals
- H and H Laboratories
- Heartland Repack Services LLC
- Hercon Laboratories Corp.
- Hospira Inc.
- Ivax Pharmaceuticals
- Konec Inc.
- Lake Erie Medical and Surgical Supply
- Lohmann Tiererahrung GmbH
- LTS Lohmann Therapy Systems Corp.
- Luitpold Pharmaceuticals Inc.
- Major Pharmaceuticals
- Mckesson Corp.
- Murfreesboro Pharmaceutical Nursing Supply
- Mylan
- Neuman Distributors Inc.
- Nippon Kayaku Co. Ltd.
- North Safety Products
- Novartis AG
- Nubenco Enterprises Inc.
- Nycomed Inc.
- Pfizer Inc.
- Pharmedix
- Physician Partners Ltd.
- Physicians Total Care Inc.
- Preferred Pharmaceuticals Inc.
- Prepak Systems Inc.
- Qualitest
- Rebel Distributors Corp.
- Redpharm Drug
- Remedy Repack
- Resource Optimization and Innovation LLC
- Sanofi-Aventis Inc.
- Savage Labs
- Schering Corp.
- Schwarz Pharma Inc.
- Sciele Pharma Inc.
- Shire Inc.
- Southwood Pharmaceuticals
- Summit Pharmaceuticals
- Time-Cap Labs
- TriMarc Labs
- United Research Laboratories Inc.
- Valsynthese Ltd.
- Vangard Labs Inc.
- Vision Pharma LLC
- Dosage Forms
Form Route Strength Ointment Rectal 0.4 % Injection Intravenous 5 MG/ML Patch Transdermal 10 mg/24h Patch Transdermal 5 mg/24h Solution Intravenous 25 mg Patch Transdermal 10 MG Patch Transdermal 15 MG Patch Transdermal 5 MG Injection, solution Intravenous 1 mg/ml Injection Intravenous 1 MG Injection Intravenous 50 mg/10ml Solution Sublingual 400 mcg Powder Sublingual 400 ug/1 Tablet Oral 500 mcg Capsule Oral 7.5 mg Ointment 2 g/100g Patch Transdermal 0.2 mg Patch Transdermal 0.4 mg Patch Transdermal 0.6 mg Patch Transdermal 18 mg/1 Patch Transdermal 18 mg/1[USP'U] Patch Transdermal 18000 ug/1 Patch Transdermal 36 mg/1 Patch Transdermal 36000 ug/1 Patch Transdermal 54 mg/1 Patch Transdermal 54000 ug/1 Patch Transdermal 9 mg/1 Patch Transdermal 9000 ug/1 Patch Transdermal Plaster Cutaneous 36 mg Aerosol, metered Sublingual Tablet Sublingual 0.5 mg Tablet Sublingual Solution Intravenous 1 mg/ml Capsule Oral 2.5 mg Ointment Topical 20 mg/1g Patch Transdermal 120 mg/1 Patch Transdermal 160 mg/1 Patch Transdermal 20 mg/1 Patch Transdermal 40 mg/1 Patch Transdermal 60 mg/1 Patch Transdermal 80 mg/1 Injection, solution Intravenous 50 mg/10mL Patch, extended release Transdermal 10 mg/24hr Plaster Cutaneous 10 mg Patch, extended release Transdermal 10 mg/24h Patch Transdermal 50 mg Patch Transdermal 25 mg/24hr Patch, extended release Transdermal 5 mg/24hr Plaster Cutaneous 5 mg Patch, extended release Transdermal 5 mg/24h Patch Transdermal 25 mg Tablet, extended release Buccal Solution Intravenous 8.518 g Solution Intravenous 50 mg Injection, solution, concentrate Intravenous; Parenteral 5 MG/1.5ML Injection, solution, concentrate Intravenous; Parenteral 50 MG/50ML Solution Intravenous 20 mg Aerosol, metered Sublingual 400 ug/1 Capsule Oral 9.0 mg/1 Film, extended release Transdermal 20.8 mg/1 Film, extended release Transdermal 37.4 mg/1 Injection, solution Intravenous 5 mg/1mL Injection, solution, concentrate Intravenous 5 mg/1mL Patch Transdermal 0.1 mg/1h Patch Transdermal 0.4 mg/1h Patch Transdermal 0.6 mg/1h Tablet Oral 0.4 mg/1 Tablet Sublingual 0.3 mg/1 Tablet Sublingual 0.6 mg/1 Tablet, orally disintegrating Sublingual 0.3 mg/1 Tablet, orally disintegrating Sublingual 0.4 mg/1 Tablet, orally disintegrating Sublingual 0.6 mg/1 Solution Intravenous Injection Intravenous 10 mg/100mL Injection Intravenous 20 mg/100mL Injection Intravenous 40 mg/100mL Injection, solution Intravenous 100 ug/1mL Injection, solution Intravenous 200 ug/1mL Injection, solution Intravenous 400 ug/1mL Injection, solution Intravenous 5 g/100mL Liquid Intravenous Capsule Oral 2.5 mg/1 Capsule Oral 6.5 mg/1 Capsule Oral 9 mg/1 Patch Transdermal 10 mg/1d Patch Transdermal 15 mg/1d Patch Transdermal 2.5 mg/1d Patch Transdermal 5 mg/1d Patch Transdermal 0.2 mg/1h Patch, extended release Transdermal 0.1 mg/1h Patch, extended release Transdermal 0.2 mg/1h Patch, extended release Transdermal 0.4 mg/1h Patch, extended release Transdermal 0.6 mg/1h Solution Intravenous Capsule, extended release Oral 2.5 MG Capsule, extended release Oral 5 MG Ointment Topical Spray Oral 400 ug/1 Spray, metered Sublingual 400 ug/1 Spray 0.4 mg Spray Oral 0.4 mg Spray Oral 0.41 mg Spray Sublingual 0.4 mg Spray, metered Oral 400 ug/1 Spray Sublingual 400 mcg/1dose Aerosol, spray Transmucosal 400 ug/1 Injection, solution Intravenous 1 mg/1mL Injection Intravenous 1 mg/1ml Tablet, extended release Oral Injection, solution Intravenous 25 mg/5mL Aerosol, spray Sublingual 400 mcg Tablet Oral 0.3 mg/1 Tablet Oral 0.6 mg/1 Tablet Sublingual 0.3 mg Tablet Sublingual 0.4 mg/1 Tablet Sublingual 0.6 mg Injection Intravenous 10 mg/10ml Ointment Rectal 4 mg/1g Ointment Rectal 4 mg/g Spray Sublingual Patch, extended release Transdermal 12.5 mg/1 Patch, extended release Transdermal 25 mg/1 Patch, extended release Transdermal 50 mg/1 Patch, extended release Transdermal 75 mg/1 Patch, extended release Transdermal Patch Transdermal 15 MG/24h Injection, solution Intravenous 5 MG/1.5ML Injection, solution Intravenous 50 MG/50ML Injection, solution, concentrate Intravenous 5 MG/1.5ML Injection, solution, concentrate Intravenous 50 MG/50ML Tablet, coated Oral 0.3 MG Injection, solution Intravenous 10 mg/10ml Injection, solution, concentrate Intravenous 5 mg - Prices
Unit description Cost Unit Nitrolingual 0.4 mg/spray Solution 12 gm Bottle 242.83USD bottle Nitrolingual 0.4 mg/spray Solution 4.9 gm Bottle 141.43USD bottle Nitro-Dur 30 0.6 mg/hr Patches Box 130.86USD box Nitro-Dur 30 0.8 mg/hr Patches Box 130.86USD box Nitro-Dur 30 0.3 mg/hr Patches Box 120.68USD box Nitro-Dur 30 0.4 mg/hr Patches Box 117.1USD box Minitran 30 0.6 mg/hr Patches Box 114.01USD box Nitro-Dur 30 0.1 mg/hr Patches Box 106.09USD box Nitro-Dur 30 0.2 mg/hr Patches Box 105.6USD box Minitran 30 0.4 mg/hr Patches Box 105.18USD box Minitran 30 0.2 mg/hr Patches Box 93.86USD box Minitran 30 0.1 mg/hr Patches Box 92.36USD box Nitroglycerin 30 0.6 mg/hr Patches Box 63.55USD box Nitroglycerin 5 mg/ml kit 62.38USD kit Nitroglycerin 30 0.4 mg/hr Patches Box 57.62USD box Nitroglycerin 30 0.2 mg/hr Patches Box 50.44USD box Nitrostat 100 0.4 mg Sublingual Tabs Bottle 29.88USD bottle Nitromist 400 mcg spray 28.5USD g Nitrostat 100 0.3 mg Sublingual Tabs Bottle 27.75USD bottle Nitrostat 100 0.6 mg Sublingual Tabs Bottle 24.99USD bottle Nitroglycerin 100 0.6 mg Sublingual Tabs Bottle 23.99USD bottle Nitroglycerin 100 0.3 mg Sublingual Tabs Bottle 22.99USD bottle Nitrostat 25 0.4 mg Sublingual Tabs Bottle 19.31USD bottle Nitroglycerin 25 0.4 mg Sublingual Tabs Bottle 9.5USD bottle Nitro-dur 0.6 mg/hr patch 4.19USD patch Nitro-dur 0.8 mg/hr patch 4.19USD patch Nitro-dur 0.3 mg/hr patch 3.87USD patch Nitro-dur 0.4 mg/hr patch 3.87USD patch Minitran 0.6 mg/hr patch 3.51USD patch Nitro-dur 0.2 mg/hr patch 3.45USD patch Nitro-dur 0.1 mg/hr patch 3.4USD patch Minitran 0.4 mg/hr patch 3.24USD patch Minitran 0.2 mg/hr patch 2.89USD patch Minitran 0.1 mg/hr patch 2.84USD patch Nitroglycerin CR 6.5 mg capsule 1.66USD capsule Nitroglycerin 0.1 mg/hr Patches 1.64USD patch Nitroglycerin CR 9 mg capsule 1.27USD capsule Nitro-Dur 0.8 0.8 mg/hr Patch 1.16USD patch Nitroglycerin er 9 mg capsule 1.0USD capsule Transderm-Nitro 0.4 0.4 mg/hr Patch 0.81USD patch Transderm-Nitro 0.6 0.6 mg/hr Patch 0.81USD patch Minitran 0.4 0.4 mg/hr Patch 0.74USD patch Minitran 0.6 0.6 mg/hr Patch 0.74USD patch Nitroglycerin er 6.5 mg capsule 0.72USD capsule Transderm-Nitro 0.2 0.2 mg/hr Patch 0.71USD patch Nitro-Dur 0.4 0.4 mg/hr Patch 0.67USD patch Nitro-Dur 0.6 0.6 mg/hr Patch 0.67USD patch Trinipatch 0.4 0.4 mg/hr Patch 0.67USD patch Trinipatch 0.6 0.6 mg/hr Patch 0.67USD patch Minitran 0.2 0.2 mg/hr Patch 0.66USD patch Nitrol 2 % Ointment 0.64USD g Nitro-Dur 0.2 0.2 mg/hr Patch 0.59USD patch Trinipatch 0.2 0.2 mg/hr Patch 0.59USD patch Nitroglycerin 9 mg capsule sa 0.53USD capsule Nitro-bid 2% ointment 0.48USD g Nitroglycerin CR 2.5 mg capsule 0.47USD capsule Nitro-time er 9 mg capsule 0.37USD capsule Nitroglycerin 0.4 mg tablet sl 0.36USD tablet Nitrostat 0.4 mg tablet sl 0.35USD tablet Nitro-time er 6.5 mg capsule 0.33USD capsule Nitro-time er 2.5 mg capsule 0.29USD capsule Nitroglycerin er 2.5 mg capsule 0.28USD capsule Nitroglycerin 6.5 mg capsule sa 0.22USD capsule Nitroquick 0.3 mg tablet sl 0.19USD tablet Nitroglycerin 2.5 mg capsule sa 0.18USD capsule Nitroglycerin 2% ointment 0.17USD g Nitrostat 0.6 mg tablet sl 0.16USD tablet Nitroglycerin 0.3 mg tablet sl 0.14USD tablet Nitroglycerin 0.6 mg tablet sl 0.14USD tablet Nitrostat 0.3 mg Sublingual Tablet 0.13USD tablet Nitrostat 0.6 mg Sublingual Tablet 0.13USD tablet Nitrolingual Pumpspray 0.4 mg/dose Metered Dose Spray 0.08USD dose Nitroquick 0.4 mg tablet sl 0.08USD tablet Nitroquick 0.6 mg tablet sl 0.08USD tablet Nitrostat 0.3 mg tablet sl 0.07USD tablet Mylan-Nitro 0.4 mg/dose Metered Dose Spray 0.04USD dose Ntg 25 mg/250 ml in d5w 0.04USD ml Rho-Nitro Pumpspray 0.4 mg/dose Metered Dose Spray 0.04USD dose Ntg 50 mg/500 ml in d5w 0.02USD ml DrugBank does not sell nor buy drugs. Pricing information is supplied for informational purposes only.- Patents
Patent Number Pediatric Extension Approved Expires (estimated) Region Unlock Additional DataUS5186938 No 1993-02-16 2010-02-16 US US7872049 No 2011-01-18 2028-03-14 US US6500456 No 2002-12-31 2018-09-16 US US5869082 No 1999-02-09 2016-04-16 US US9101592 No 2015-08-11 2032-03-11 US Additional Data Available- Filed OnFiled OnAvailable for Purchase
The date on which a patent was filed with the relevant government.
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Properties
- State
- Liquid
- Experimental Properties
Property Value Source melting point (°C) 13.5 http://www.inchem.org/documents/icsc/icsc/eics0186.htm boiling point (°C) 160 http://www.inchem.org/documents/icsc/icsc/eics0186.htm water solubility poor solubility in water http://www.inchem.org/documents/icsc/icsc/eics0186.htm logP 1.62 http://www.inchem.org/documents/icsc/icsc/eics0186.htm logS -3 http://www.hmdb.ca/metabolites/HMDB0014865 pKa -5.6 http://www.hmdb.ca/metabolites/HMDB0014865 - Predicted Properties
Property Value Source Water Solubility 0.204 mg/mL ALOGPS logP 1.25 ALOGPS logP 0.26 ChemAxon logS -3 ALOGPS pKa (Strongest Basic) -5.6 ChemAxon Physiological Charge 0 ChemAxon Hydrogen Acceptor Count 9 ChemAxon Hydrogen Donor Count 0 ChemAxon Polar Surface Area 157.11 Å2 ChemAxon Rotatable Bond Count 8 ChemAxon Refractivity 37.59 m3·mol-1 ChemAxon Polarizability 15.68 Å3 ChemAxon Number of Rings 0 ChemAxon Bioavailability 1 ChemAxon Rule of Five Yes ChemAxon Ghose Filter No ChemAxon Veber's Rule No ChemAxon MDDR-like Rule No ChemAxon - Predicted ADMET Features
Property Value Probability Human Intestinal Absorption + 0.7613 Blood Brain Barrier + 0.9113 Caco-2 permeable - 0.5775 P-glycoprotein substrate Non-substrate 0.8322 P-glycoprotein inhibitor I Non-inhibitor 0.671 P-glycoprotein inhibitor II Non-inhibitor 0.9005 Renal organic cation transporter Non-inhibitor 0.8325 CYP450 2C9 substrate Non-substrate 0.8982 CYP450 2D6 substrate Non-substrate 0.9022 CYP450 3A4 substrate Non-substrate 0.5255 CYP450 1A2 substrate Non-inhibitor 0.8022 CYP450 2C9 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.7789 CYP450 2D6 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.9106 CYP450 2C19 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.72 CYP450 3A4 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.9173 CYP450 inhibitory promiscuity Low CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity 0.8638 Ames test AMES toxic 0.9107 Carcinogenicity Carcinogens 0.6822 Biodegradation Ready biodegradable 0.9479 Rat acute toxicity 2.9173 LD50, mol/kg Not applicable hERG inhibition (predictor I) Weak inhibitor 0.512 hERG inhibition (predictor II) Non-inhibitor 0.9382
Spectra
- Mass Spec (NIST)
- Download (7.71 KB)
- Spectra
Spectrum Spectrum Type Splash Key Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS Predicted GC-MS Not Available Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS Not Available Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS Not Available Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS Not Available Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS Not Available Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS Not Available Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS Not Available
Targets
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- Actions
- Agonist
- Curator comments
- This is a possible target of nitroglycerin, supported by an in vitro study.
- General Function
- Protein kinase activity
- Specific Function
- Receptor for the atrial natriuretic peptide NPPA/ANP and the brain natriuretic peptide NPPB/BNP which are potent vasoactive hormones playing a key role in cardiovascular homeostasis. Has guanylate ...
- Gene Name
- NPR1
- Uniprot ID
- P16066
- Uniprot Name
- Atrial natriuretic peptide receptor 1
- Molecular Weight
- 118918.11 Da
References
- Madhani M, Scotland RS, MacAllister RJ, Hobbs AJ: Vascular natriuretic peptide receptor-linked particulate guanylate cyclases are modulated by nitric oxide-cyclic GMP signalling. Br J Pharmacol. 2003 Aug;139(7):1289-96. [PubMed:12890708]
Enzymes
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- Electron carrier activity
- Specific Function
- Not Available
- Gene Name
- ALDH2
- Uniprot ID
- P05091
- Uniprot Name
- Aldehyde dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
- Molecular Weight
- 56380.93 Da
References
- Badejo AM Jr, Hodnette C, Dhaliwal JS, Casey DB, Pankey E, Murthy SN, Nossaman BD, Hyman AL, Kadowitz PJ: Mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase mediates vasodilator responses of glyceryl trinitrate and sodium nitrite in the pulmonary vascular bed of the rat. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2010 Sep;299(3):H819-26. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00959.2009. Epub 2010 Jun 11. [PubMed:20543077]
- Chen Z, Zhang J, Stamler JS: Identification of the enzymatic mechanism of nitroglycerin bioactivation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Jun 11;99(12):8306-11. doi: 10.1073/pnas.122225199. Epub 2002 Jun 4. [PubMed:12048254]
Drug created on June 13, 2005 07:24 / Updated on November 30, 2020 13:38
