Hetacillin

Identification

Generic Name
Hetacillin
DrugBank Accession Number
DB00739
Background

Hetacillin is a penicillin beta-lactam antibiotic used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually gram-positive, organisms. The name "penicillin" can either refer to several variants of penicillin available, or to the group of antibiotics derived from the penicillins. Hetacillin has in vitro activity against gram-positive and gram-negative aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. The bactericidal activity of Hetacillin results from the inhibition of cell wall synthesis and is mediated through Hetacillin binding to penicillin binding proteins (PBPs). Hetacillin has been withdrawn from the market since it has been discovered that it has no therapeutic advantage compared to non-ester derivatives like ampicillin.

Type
Small Molecule
Groups
Approved, Vet approved, Withdrawn
Structure
Weight
Average: 389.469
Monoisotopic: 389.140926929
Chemical Formula
C19H23N3O4S
Synonyms
  • (2S,5R,6R)-6-[(4R)-2,2-dimethyl-5-oxo-4-phenylimidazolidin-1-yl]-3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid
  • 6β-[(4R)-2,2-dimethyl-5-oxo-4-phenylimidazolidin-1-yl]penicillanic acid
  • Hetacilina
  • Hetacillin
  • Hétacilline
  • Hetacillinum
External IDs
  • BL-P 804
  • BL-P-804
  • BRL 804
  • BRL-804

Pharmacology

Indication

Hetacillin is a beta-lactam antibiotic prodrug used to treat bacterial infections. In the body it gets converted to ampicillin.

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Pharmacodynamics

Hetacillin is a penicillin beta-lactam antibiotic used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually gram-positive, organisms. The name "penicillin" can either refer to several variants of penicillin available, or to the group of antibiotics derived from the penicillins. Hetacillin has in vitro activity against gram-positive and gram-negative aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. The bactericidal activity of Hetacillin results from the inhibition of cell wall synthesis and is mediated through Hetacillin binding to penicillin binding proteins (PBPs).

Mechanism of action

Hetacillin is a semisynthetic penicillin prodrug which itself has no antibacterial activity, but is converted in the body to ampicillin and has actions and uses similar to those of ampicillin. Hetacillin is prepared by reacting ampicillin with acetone. Ampicillin rapidly decomposes because of the intramolecular attack of the side chain amino group on the lactam ring. In vitro studies have shown that hetacillin is resistant to beta lactamase activity.1 However, this effect is transient, as the hydrolysis product, ampicillin, is readily inactivated by beta lactamase.1 Hetacillin locks up the offending amino group and prevents the decomposition of Hetacillin. Once hydrolyzed to ampicillin (and acetone), ampicillin binds to the penicillin binding proteins found in susceptible bacteria. This inhibits the third and last stage of bacterial cell wall synthesis. Cell lysis is then mediated by bacterial cell wall autolytic enzymes such as autolysins.

TargetActionsOrganism
APenicillin-binding protein 2a
inhibitor
Streptococcus pneumoniae (strain ATCC BAA-255 / R6)
APenicillin-binding protein 1b
inhibitor
Streptococcus pneumoniae (strain ATCC BAA-255 / R6)
APenicillin-binding protein 3
inhibitor
Streptococcus pneumoniae
APenicillin-binding protein 1A
inhibitor
Streptococcus pneumoniae (strain ATCC BAA-255 / R6)
APenicillin-binding protein 2B
inhibitor
Streptococcus pneumoniae (strain ATCC BAA-255 / R6)
Absorption

Not Available

Volume of distribution

Not Available

Protein binding

Not Available

Metabolism

Hydrolyzed to active ampicillin via esterases

Route of elimination

Not Available

Half-life

Not Available

Clearance

Not Available

Adverse Effects
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Toxicity

Not Available

Pathways
Not Available
Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
Not Available

Interactions

Drug Interactions
This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
DrugInteraction
AcemetacinAcemetacin may decrease the excretion rate of Hetacillin which could result in a higher serum level.
AcenocoumarolHetacillin may increase the anticoagulant activities of Acenocoumarol.
AmbroxolThe risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Hetacillin is combined with Ambroxol.
AmikacinThe serum concentration of Amikacin can be decreased when it is combined with Hetacillin.
ArticaineThe risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Hetacillin is combined with Articaine.
Food Interactions
Not Available

Products

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Product Ingredients
IngredientUNIICASInChI Key
Hetacillin potassium95PFX5932Y5321-32-4QRSPJBLLJXVPDD-XFAPPKAWSA-M
International/Other Brands
Natacillin (Bristol-Myers Squibb) / Versapen (Bristol-Myers Squibb)

Categories

ATC Codes
J01CA18 — HetacillinJ01CR50 — Combinations of penicillins
Drug Categories
Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
Description
This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as penicillins. These are organic compounds containing the penicillin core structure, which is structurally characterized by a penam ring bearing two methyl groups at position 2, and an amide group at position 6 [starting from the sulfur atom at position 1].
Kingdom
Organic compounds
Super Class
Organoheterocyclic compounds
Class
Lactams
Sub Class
Beta lactams
Direct Parent
Penicillins
Alternative Parents
Phenylimidazolidines / Alpha amino acids and derivatives / Imidazolidinones / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Thiazolidines / Tertiary carboxylic acid amides / Amino acids / Azetidines / Thiohemiaminal derivatives / Monocarboxylic acids and derivatives
show 8 more
Substituents
Alpha-amino acid or derivatives / Amine / Amino acid / Amino acid or derivatives / Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound / Azacycle / Azetidine / Benzenoid / Carbonyl group / Carboxamide group
show 22 more
Molecular Framework
Aromatic heteropolycyclic compounds
External Descriptors
penicillin (CHEBI:5683)
Affected organisms
  • Enteric bacteria and other eubacteria

Chemical Identifiers

UNII
TN4JSC48CV
CAS number
3511-16-8
InChI Key
DXVUYOAEDJXBPY-NFFDBFGFSA-N
InChI
InChI=1S/C19H23N3O4S/c1-18(2)13(17(25)26)21-15(24)12(16(21)27-18)22-14(23)11(20-19(22,3)4)10-8-6-5-7-9-10/h5-9,11-13,16,20H,1-4H3,(H,25,26)/t11-,12-,13+,16-/m1/s1
IUPAC Name
(2S,5R,6R)-6-[(4R)-2,2-dimethyl-5-oxo-4-phenylimidazolidin-1-yl]-3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid
SMILES
[H][C@]12SC(C)(C)[C@@H](N1C(=O)[C@H]2N1C(=O)[C@H](NC1(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C1)C(O)=O

References

Synthesis Reference

U.S. Patent 3,198,804.

General References
  1. Faine S, Harper M: Independent antibiotic actions of hetacillin and ampicillin revealed by fast methods. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1973 Jan;3(1):15-8. doi: 10.1128/aac.3.1.15. [Article]
Human Metabolome Database
HMDB0014877
KEGG Drug
D01074
KEGG Compound
C11729
PubChem Compound
443387
PubChem Substance
46504545
ChemSpider
391616
RxNav
26797
ChEBI
5683
ChEMBL
CHEMBL1201116
ZINC
ZINC000004102186
Therapeutic Targets Database
DAP001167
PharmGKB
PA164746559
Wikipedia
Hetacillin

Clinical Trials

Clinical Trials
PhaseStatusPurposeConditionsCount

Pharmacoeconomics

Manufacturers
  • Bristol laboratories inc div bristol myers co
Packagers
Not Available
Dosage Forms
Not Available
Prices
Not Available
Patents
Not Available

Properties

State
Solid
Experimental Properties
PropertyValueSource
melting point (°C)190 °CPhysProp
logP1.3Not Available
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility0.512 mg/mLALOGPS
logP0.85ALOGPS
logP0.056Chemaxon
logS-2.9ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)3.33Chemaxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)4.79Chemaxon
Physiological Charge-1Chemaxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count5Chemaxon
Hydrogen Donor Count2Chemaxon
Polar Surface Area89.95 Å2Chemaxon
Rotatable Bond Count3Chemaxon
Refractivity99.9 m3·mol-1Chemaxon
Polarizability39.46 Å3Chemaxon
Number of Rings4Chemaxon
Bioavailability1Chemaxon
Rule of FiveYesChemaxon
Ghose FilterYesChemaxon
Veber's RuleNoChemaxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemaxon
Predicted ADMET Features
PropertyValueProbability
Human Intestinal Absorption-0.5
Blood Brain Barrier-0.991
Caco-2 permeable-0.7602
P-glycoprotein substrateSubstrate0.5297
P-glycoprotein inhibitor INon-inhibitor0.8922
P-glycoprotein inhibitor IINon-inhibitor0.8607
Renal organic cation transporterNon-inhibitor0.9695
CYP450 2C9 substrateNon-substrate0.7048
CYP450 2D6 substrateNon-substrate0.8347
CYP450 3A4 substrateNon-substrate0.5571
CYP450 1A2 substrateNon-inhibitor0.8481
CYP450 2C9 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.8427
CYP450 2D6 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.913
CYP450 2C19 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.8219
CYP450 3A4 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.8176
CYP450 inhibitory promiscuityLow CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity0.9624
Ames testNon AMES toxic0.8363
CarcinogenicityNon-carcinogens0.6271
BiodegradationNot ready biodegradable0.8103
Rat acute toxicity1.8514 LD50, mol/kg Not applicable
hERG inhibition (predictor I)Weak inhibitor0.9997
hERG inhibition (predictor II)Non-inhibitor0.8314
ADMET data is predicted using admetSAR, a free tool for evaluating chemical ADMET properties. (23092397)

Spectra

Mass Spec (NIST)
Not Available
Spectra
SpectrumSpectrum TypeSplash Key
Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MSPredicted GC-MSsplash10-0597-7943000000-e629ee26cef364aec2d7
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0006-0119000000-d6fc673e000a450211fb
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-03di-0009000000-163b82817f3d8530cebd
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-03e9-0695000000-7928c9098fb167955b31
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0f76-0479000000-8863c99f023e6556d8b2
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0k96-2950000000-d33bd63245b60234228a
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0kmj-2592000000-569417cc656136f63ba7
Predicted 1H NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
Predicted 13C NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
Chromatographic Properties
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
AdductCCS Value (Å2)Source typeSource
[M-H]-201.1170137
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M-H]-183.78575
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+H]+202.4439137
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+H]+186.18134
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+Na]+201.4497137
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+Na]+192.09386
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)

Targets

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insights and accelerate drug research.
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Kind
Protein
Organism
Streptococcus pneumoniae (strain ATCC BAA-255 / R6)
Pharmacological action
Yes
Actions
Inhibitor
General Function
Transferase activity, transferring acyl groups
Specific Function
Not Available
Gene Name
pbp2a
Uniprot ID
Q8DNB6
Uniprot Name
Penicillin-binding protein 2a
Molecular Weight
80797.94 Da
References
  1. Neu HC: Aminopenicillins - clinical pharmacology and use in disease states. Int J Clin Pharmacol Biopharm. 1975 Mar;11(2):132-44. [Article]
  2. Williamson R, Hakenbeck R, Tomasz A: In vivo interaction of beta-lactam antibiotics with the penicillin-binding proteins of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1980 Oct;18(4):629-37. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Streptococcus pneumoniae (strain ATCC BAA-255 / R6)
Pharmacological action
Yes
Actions
Inhibitor
General Function
Transferase activity, transferring acyl groups
Specific Function
Not Available
Gene Name
pbp1b
Uniprot ID
Q7CRA4
Uniprot Name
Penicillin-binding protein 1b
Molecular Weight
89479.92 Da
References
  1. Neu HC: Aminopenicillins - clinical pharmacology and use in disease states. Int J Clin Pharmacol Biopharm. 1975 Mar;11(2):132-44. [Article]
  2. Williamson R, Hakenbeck R, Tomasz A: In vivo interaction of beta-lactam antibiotics with the penicillin-binding proteins of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1980 Oct;18(4):629-37. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Pharmacological action
Yes
Actions
Inhibitor
General Function
Serine-type d-ala-d-ala carboxypeptidase activity
Specific Function
Not Available
Gene Name
pbp3
Uniprot ID
Q75Y35
Uniprot Name
Penicillin-binding protein 3
Molecular Weight
45209.84 Da
References
  1. Neu HC: Aminopenicillins - clinical pharmacology and use in disease states. Int J Clin Pharmacol Biopharm. 1975 Mar;11(2):132-44. [Article]
  2. Williamson R, Hakenbeck R, Tomasz A: In vivo interaction of beta-lactam antibiotics with the penicillin-binding proteins of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1980 Oct;18(4):629-37. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Streptococcus pneumoniae (strain ATCC BAA-255 / R6)
Pharmacological action
Yes
Actions
Inhibitor
General Function
Penicillin binding
Specific Function
Cell wall formation.
Gene Name
pbpA
Uniprot ID
Q8DR59
Uniprot Name
Penicillin-binding protein 1A
Molecular Weight
79700.9 Da
References
  1. Neu HC: Aminopenicillins - clinical pharmacology and use in disease states. Int J Clin Pharmacol Biopharm. 1975 Mar;11(2):132-44. [Article]
  2. Williamson R, Hakenbeck R, Tomasz A: In vivo interaction of beta-lactam antibiotics with the penicillin-binding proteins of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1980 Oct;18(4):629-37. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Streptococcus pneumoniae (strain ATCC BAA-255 / R6)
Pharmacological action
Yes
Actions
Inhibitor
General Function
Not Available
Specific Function
Penicillin binding
Gene Name
penA
Uniprot ID
P0A3M6
Uniprot Name
Penicillin-binding protein 2B
Molecular Weight
73872.305 Da
References
  1. Neu HC: Aminopenicillins - clinical pharmacology and use in disease states. Int J Clin Pharmacol Biopharm. 1975 Mar;11(2):132-44. [Article]
  2. Williamson R, Hakenbeck R, Tomasz A: In vivo interaction of beta-lactam antibiotics with the penicillin-binding proteins of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1980 Oct;18(4):629-37. [Article]

Drug created at June 13, 2005 13:24 / Updated at December 02, 2023 06:59