Ambroxol
Identification
- Generic Name
- Ambroxol
- DrugBank Accession Number
- DB06742
- Background
Ambroxol is a secretolytic agent used in the treatment of respiratory diseases associated with viscid or excessive mucus. It is the active ingredient of Mucosolvan, Lasolvan or Mucoangin. The substance is a mucoactive drug with several properties including secretolytic and secretomotoric actions that restore the physiological clearance mechanisms of the respiratory tract which play an important role in the body’s natural defence mechanisms. It stimulates synthesis and release of surfactant by type II pneumocytes. Surfactants acts as an anti-glue factor by reducing the adhesion of mucus to the bronchial wall, in improving its transport and in providing protection against infection and irritating agents.
- Type
- Small Molecule
- Groups
- Approved, Investigational
- Structure
Structure for Ambroxol (DB06742)
- Weight
- Average: 378.108
Monoisotopic: 375.978589 - Chemical Formula
- C13H18Br2N2O
- Synonyms
- Ambroxol
- Ambroxolum
- Bisolvon metabolite vIII
- Bromhexine metabolite vIII
- Bromhexine-metabolite vIII
- Cyclohexanol, 4-((2-amino-3,5-dibromobenzyl)amino)- (E)-
- N-(2-Amino-3,4-dibromociclohexil)-trans-4-aminociclohexanol
- N-(2-Amino-3,4-dibromocyclohexyl)-trans-4-aminocyclohexanol
- trans-4-((2-Amino-3,5-dibromobencil)amino)ciclohexanol
- trans-4-((2-Amino-3,5-dibromobenzyl)amine)cyclohexanol
- trans-4-((2-Amino-3,5-dibromobenzyl)amino)cyclohexanol
- External IDs
- NA-872
Pharmacology
- Indication
Ambroxol is indicated for secretolytic therapy in bronchoplmonary disease with abnormal mucus secretion and transport. It allows the mucus to be more easily cleared and ease a patient's breathing.
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- Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
Contraindications & Blackbox WarningsWith our commercial data, access important information on dangerous risks, contraindications, and adverse effects.Our Blackbox Warnings cover Risks, Contraindications, and Adverse Effects- Pharmacodynamics
Not Available
- Mechanism of action
Ambroxol is a mucolytic agent. Excessive Nitric oxide (NO) is associated with inflammatory and some other disturbances of airways function. NO enhances the activation of soluble guanylate cyclase and cGMP accumulation. Ambroxol has been shown to inhibit the NO-dependent activation of soluble guanylate cyclase. It is also possible that the inhibition of NO-dependent activation of soluble guanylate cyclase can suppress the excessive mucus secretion, therefore it lowers the phlegm viscosity and improves the mucociliary transport of bronchial secretions.
- Absorption
Rapid and almost complete.
- Volume of distribution
Not Available
- Protein binding
Approximately 90%
- Metabolism
- Not Available
- Route of elimination
Not Available
- Half-life
7-12 hours
- Clearance
Not Available
- Adverse Effects
Reduce medical errorsand improve treatment outcomes with our comprehensive & structured data on drug adverse effects.Reduce medical errors & improve treatment outcomes with our adverse effects data- Toxicity
Not Available
- Pathways
- Not Available
- Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
- Not Available
Interactions
- Drug Interactions
- This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
Drug Interaction Integrate drug-drug
interactions in your softwareAbametapir The serum concentration of Ambroxol can be increased when it is combined with Abametapir. Cenobamate The serum concentration of Ambroxol can be decreased when it is combined with Cenobamate. Haloperidol The serum concentration of Haloperidol can be increased when it is combined with Ambroxol. Metreleptin The metabolism of Ambroxol can be increased when combined with Metreleptin. Pitolisant The serum concentration of Ambroxol can be decreased when it is combined with Pitolisant. Ritonavir The serum concentration of Ambroxol can be increased when it is combined with Ritonavir. Satralizumab The serum concentration of Ambroxol can be decreased when it is combined with Satralizumab. Tucatinib The metabolism of Tucatinib can be decreased when combined with Ambroxol. 
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- Not Available
Products
Comprehensive & structured drug product infoFrom application numbers to product codes, connect different identifiers through our commercial datasets.Easily connect various identifiers back to our datasets- Product Ingredients
Ingredient UNII CAS InChI Key Ambroxol hydrochloride CC995ZMV90 23828-92-4 QNVKOSLOVOTXKF-PFWPSKEQSA-N - International/Other Brands
- Ambrolex (GlaxoSmithKline Inc.) / Ambrox (Square) / Tabcin
- Over the Counter Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image AMCOSOL SYRUP 30MG/5ML Syrup Oral PRIME PHARMACEUTICAL SDN. BHD. 2020-09-08 Not applicable Malaysia 
AMCOSOL TABLET 30MG Tablet Oral PRIME PHARMACEUTICAL SDN. BHD. 2020-09-08 Not applicable Malaysia AMSOLVAN ORAL SOLUTION 30mg/5ml Solution Oral XEPA-SOUL PATTINSON (MALAYSIA) SDN BHD 2020-09-08 Not applicable Malaysia AMTUSS (Syrup ) Syrup Oral MEDISPEC (M) SDN.BHD 2020-09-08 Not applicable Malaysia AMTUSS 30 MG TABLET Tablet Oral MEDISPEC (M) SDN.BHD 2020-09-08 Not applicable Malaysia AMXOL SYRUP 30MG/5ML Syrup Oral MEDISPEC (M) SDN.BHD 2020-09-08 Not applicable Malaysia AMXOL TABLETS 30MG Tablet Oral MEDISPEC (M) SDN.BHD 2020-09-08 Not applicable Malaysia AXOL LIQUID 3MG/ML Liquid Oral Y.S.P. INDUSTRIES (M) SDN BHD 2020-09-08 Not applicable Malaysia BOOTS AMBROXOL 30 MG Tablet 30 mg บริษัท ไบโอแลป จำกัด จำกัด 2000-12-14 Not applicable Thailand 
Hovid Desolvon-30 Tablet Tablet Oral Hovid Berhad 2020-09-08 Not applicable Malaysia - Mixture Products
Name Ingredients Dosage Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image AMBROXOL 150 MG / 100 ML + CLENBUTEROL 0.1 MG / 100 ML SOLUCIÓN ORAL NIÑOS Ambroxol hydrochloride (0.15 g) + Clenbuterol (0.0001 g) Solution Oral 2006-11-10 2021-07-01 Colombia 
AMBROXOL 300 MG/100 ML + CLENBUTEROL 0.2 MG/100 MLSOLUCIÓN ORAL ADULTOS Ambroxol hydrochloride (0.3 g) + Clenbuterol (0.0002 g) Solution Oral 2006-11-10 2021-07-01 Colombia BRONSINEX JARABE Ambroxol hydrochloride (300 mg) + Clenbuterol (0.2 mg) Syrup Oral 2009-06-04 Not applicable Colombia MUCOSOLVAN COMPOSITUM JARABE PEDIATRICO. 7.5 MG / 0.005MG / 5ML. Ambroxol hydrochloride (0.15 g) + Clenbuterol hydrochloride (0.1 mg) Syrup Oral 2006-11-10 2018-02-20 Colombia RESPHIR® JARABE Ambroxol hydrochloride (300 mg) + Salbutamol sulfate (40 mg) Syrup Oral 2007-10-25 Not applicable Colombia TOS-XOL ® JARABE Ambroxol hydrochloride (0.3 g) + Salbutamol sulfate (0.04 g) Syrup Oral 2011-07-22 2018-08-30 Colombia TRIATUSIC® JARABE Ambroxol hydrochloride (250 mg) + Dextromethorphan hydrobromide (300 mg) + Theophylline (1300 mg) Syrup Oral 2009-05-13 Not applicable Colombia TUSIMED JARABE Ambroxol hydrochloride (0.3 g) + Clenbuterol (0.0002 g) Syrup Oral 2006-11-10 2016-03-23 Colombia TUSSFREL ADULTOS Ambroxol hydrochloride (0.6 g) + Salbutamol sulfate (0.08 g) Syrup Oral 2010-03-01 2021-07-01 Colombia
Categories
- ATC Codes
- R03CC63 — Clenbuterol and ambroxol
- R03CC — Selective beta-2-adrenoreceptor agonists
- R03C — ADRENERGICS FOR SYSTEMIC USE
- R03 — DRUGS FOR OBSTRUCTIVE AIRWAY DISEASES
- R — RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
- Drug Categories
- Adrenergics for Systemic Use
- Amines
- Aniline Compounds
- Cough and Cold Preparations
- Cyclohexanes
- Cyclohexylamines
- Cycloparaffins
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A4 Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 Substrates
- Drugs for Obstructive Airway Diseases
- Expectorants
- Respiratory System Agents
- Selective Beta 2-adrenergic Agonists
- Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
- Description
- This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as phenylmethylamines. These are compounds containing a phenylmethtylamine moiety, which consists of a phenyl group substituted by an methanamine.
- Kingdom
- Organic compounds
- Super Class
- Benzenoids
- Class
- Benzene and substituted derivatives
- Sub Class
- Phenylmethylamines
- Direct Parent
- Phenylmethylamines
- Alternative Parents
- Benzylamines / 2-bromoanilines / Cyclohexylamines / Cyclohexanols / Bromobenzenes / Aralkylamines / Aryl bromides / Cyclic alcohols and derivatives / Dialkylamines / Primary amines show 3 more
- Substituents
- 2-bromoaniline / Alcohol / Amine / Aniline or substituted anilines / Aralkylamine / Aromatic homomonocyclic compound / Aryl bromide / Aryl halide / Benzylamine / Bromobenzene show 17 more
- Molecular Framework
- Aromatic homomonocyclic compounds
- External Descriptors
- Not Available
- Affected organisms
- Not Available
Chemical Identifiers
- UNII
- 200168S0CL
- CAS number
- 18683-91-5
- InChI Key
- JBDGDEWWOUBZPM-XYPYZODXSA-N
- InChI
- InChI=1S/C13H18Br2N2O/c14-9-5-8(13(16)12(15)6-9)7-17-10-1-3-11(18)4-2-10/h5-6,10-11,17-18H,1-4,7,16H2/t10-,11-
- IUPAC Name
- (1r,4r)-4-{[(2-amino-3,5-dibromophenyl)methyl]amino}cyclohexan-1-ol
- SMILES
- NC1=C(Br)C=C(Br)C=C1CN[C@H]1CC[C@H](O)CC1
References
- Synthesis Reference
Kack, J., Koss, F.W., Schraven, E. and Beisenherz, G.; US. Patent 3,536,713; October 27, 1970; assigned to Boehringer lngelheim G.m.b.H.
- General References
- Not Available
- External Links
- PubChem Compound
- 2132
- PubChem Substance
- 347827790
- ChemSpider
- 10276826
- BindingDB
- 50395322
- 625
- ChEBI
- 135590
- ChEMBL
- CHEMBL153479
- ZINC
- ZINC000100070274
- Wikipedia
- Ambroxol
- MSDS
- Download (47.4 KB)
Clinical Trials
- Clinical Trials
Phase Status Purpose Conditions Count 3 Completed Treatment Abnormal Mucus Secretions / Respiratory Tract Diseases 1 3 Completed Treatment Pharyngitis 4 2 Completed Basic Science Coughing 1 2 Completed Prevention Parkinson's Disease (PD) 1 2 Completed Treatment Pain / Pharyngitis 1 2 Not Yet Recruiting Treatment Diffuse Lewy Body Disease 1 2 Recruiting Treatment Gaucher Disease, Type 1 1 2 Recruiting Treatment Parkinson's Disease Dementia (PDD) 1 1 Completed Treatment Healthy Volunteers 6 1, 2 Completed Health Services Research In the Present Study, we Investigated the Effects of Oral Ambroxol on Tear Film and Ocular Surface 1
Pharmacoeconomics
- Manufacturers
- Not Available
- Packagers
- Not Available
- Dosage Forms
Form Route Strength Injection, solution Parenteral Solution Oral Tablet Oral Solution Capsule Oral Tablet, soluble Oral Tablet, for solution; tablet, for suspension Oral Solution Oral; Respiratory (inhalation) Syrup Oral 600 mg Tablet, extended release Oral Solution Oral 0.6 g Syrup Oral 0.3 g Syrup Oral Granule, for solution Oral Granule, for suspension Oral Solution Respiratory (inhalation) Spray Suppository Rectal Tablet, effervescent Oral Tablet Spray Oral Lozenge Oral Liquid Oral Solution Intravenous Syrup Oral 200 ML Tablet, coated Oral Pastille Oral Tablet, film coated Oral Granule Oral Capsule, extended release Oral Tablet, chewable Oral Solution Oral Tablet Oral Solution / drops; suspension / drops Spray Respiratory (inhalation) Solution Intramuscular; Intravenous Elixir Suspension Oral Syrup Oral Granule, effervescent Tablet Transmucosal Syrup Oral 15 mg/5mL Syrup Oral 30 mg/5mL Capsule, extended release Oral 75 mg Lozenge Oral 15 mg Tablet 30 mg Tablet, coated Oral 30 mg Solution Oral 30 mg/5ml - Prices
- Not Available
- Patents
- Not Available
Properties
- State
- Solid
- Experimental Properties
Property Value Source melting point (°C) 233-234.5 Kack, J., Koss, F.W., Schraven, E. and Beisenherz, G.; US. Patent 3,536,713; October 27, 1970; assigned to Boehringer lngelheim G.m.b.H. - Predicted Properties
Property Value Source Water Solubility 0.0185 mg/mL ALOGPS logP 3.72 ALOGPS logP 2.65 ChemAxon logS -4.3 ALOGPS pKa (Strongest Acidic) 15.26 ChemAxon pKa (Strongest Basic) 9.01 ChemAxon Physiological Charge 1 ChemAxon Hydrogen Acceptor Count 3 ChemAxon Hydrogen Donor Count 3 ChemAxon Polar Surface Area 58.28 Å2 ChemAxon Rotatable Bond Count 3 ChemAxon Refractivity 81.94 m3·mol-1 ChemAxon Polarizability 32.8 Å3 ChemAxon Number of Rings 2 ChemAxon Bioavailability 1 ChemAxon Rule of Five Yes ChemAxon Ghose Filter Yes ChemAxon Veber's Rule No ChemAxon MDDR-like Rule No ChemAxon - Predicted ADMET Features
- Not Available
Spectra
- Mass Spec (NIST)
- Not Available
- Spectra
Spectrum Spectrum Type Splash Key Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS Predicted GC-MS Not Available Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS Not Available Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS Not Available Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS Not Available Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS Not Available Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS Not Available Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS Not Available
Enzymes
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- Vitamin d3 25-hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It performs a variety of oxidation react...
- Gene Name
- CYP3A4
- Uniprot ID
- P08684
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 3A4
- Molecular Weight
- 57342.67 Da
References
- Ishiguro N, Senda C, Kishimoto W, Sakai K, Funae Y, Igarashi T: Identification of CYP3A4 as the predominant isoform responsible for the metabolism of ambroxol in human liver microsomes. Xenobiotica. 2000 Jan;30(1):71-80. [Article]
Drug created on September 01, 2010 19:05 / Updated on March 04, 2021 11:32