Explore a selection of our essential drug information below, or:
Identification
- Brand Names
- Damylin With Codeine
- Generic Name
- Ammonium chloride
- DrugBank Accession Number
- DB06767
- Background
Ammonium chloride is an inorganic compound with the formula NH4Cl. It is highly soluble in water producing mildly acidic solutions.
- Type
- Small Molecule
- Groups
- Approved, Investigational, Vet approved
- Structure
Structure for Ammonium chloride (DB06767)
- Weight
- Average: 53.491
Monoisotopic: 53.00322684 - Chemical Formula
- ClH4N
- Synonyms
- Ammonium chloride
- Ammoniumchlorid
- Chlorammonic
- Chlorid ammonia
- External IDs
- E 510
- E-510
- FEMA NO. 4494
- Ins no.510
- Ins-510
Pharmacology
- Indication
- Expectorant in cough syrups.
- The ammonium ion (NH4+) in the body plays an important role in the maintenance of acid-base balance. The kidney uses ammonium (NH4+) in place of sodium (Na+) to combine with fixed anions in maintaining acid-base balance, especially as a homeostatic compensatory mechanism in metabolic acidosis. The therapeutic effects of Ammonium Chloride depend upon the ability of the kidney to utilize ammonia in the excretion of an excess of fixed anions and the conversion of ammonia to urea by the liver, thereby liberating hydrogen (H+) and chloride (Cl–) ions into the extracellular fluid. Ammonium Chloride Injection, USP, after dilution in isotonic sodium chloride injection, may be indicated in the treatment of patients with: (1) hypochloremic states and (2) metabolic alkalosis.
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Indication Type Indication Combined Product Details Approval Level Age Group Patient Characteristics Dose Form Used in combination for symptomatic treatment of Allergic reactions Combination Product in combination with: Diphenhydramine (DB01075), Codeine (DB00318) •••••••••••• ••••• ••••••• ••••••••• ••••• Used in combination to treat Allergic cough Combination Product in combination with: Diphenhydramine (DB01075), Sodium citrate (DB09154) •••••••••••• •••••••• • •••••• ••••• Used in combination to treat Allergic cough Combination Product in combination with: Diphenhydramine (DB01075), Dextromethorphan (DB00514) •••••••••••• ••••• Used in combination for symptomatic treatment of Common cold Combination Product in combination with: Chlorpheniramine (DB01114), Dextromethorphan (DB00514) •••••••••••• ••••• Used in combination to treat Cough caused by common cold Combination Product in combination with: Dextromethorphan (DB00514), Diphenhydramine (DB01075) •••••••••••• ••••• - Associated Therapies
- Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
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Systemic acidifier. In liver ammonium chloride is converted into urea with the liberation of hydrogen ions ( which lowers the pH) and chloride.
- Mechanism of action
Ammonium chloride increases acidity by increasing the amount of hydrogen ion concentrations.
Ammonium chloride can be used as an expectorant due to its irritative action on the bronchial mucosa. This effect causes the production of respiratory tract fluid which in order facilitates the effective cough.
- Absorption
Completely absorbed within 3–6 h. In healthy persons, absorption of ammonium chloride given by mouth was practically complete. Only 1 to 3% of the dose was recovered in the feces.
- Volume of distribution
Data not found.
- Protein binding
Data not found.
- Metabolism
Ammonium ion is converted to urea in the liver; chloride ion replaces bicarbonate.
- Route of elimination
Excretion: Urine
- Half-life
Unknown
- Clearance
Data not found.
- Adverse Effects
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LD50 "Rat" after oral administration is: 1650 mg/kg. Overdosage of Ammonium Chloride has resulted in a serious degree of metabolic acidosis, disorientation, confusion and coma. If metabolic acidosis occur following overdosage, the administration of an alkalinizing solution such as sodium bicarbonate or sodium lactate will serve to correct the acidosis.
Patients administering Ammonium chloride should be watched to the signs of ammonia toxicity including (pallor, sweating, irregular breathing, bradycardia, cardiac arrhythmias, local and general twitching, tonic convulsions and coma). It should be used with caution in patients with high total CO2 and buffer base secondary to primary respiratory acidosis. Intravenous administration should be slow to avoid local irritation and toxic effects.
- Pathways
- Not Available
- Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
- Not Available
Interactions
- Drug Interactions
- This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
Drug Interaction Integrate drug-drug
interactions in your softwareAbacavir Abacavir may decrease the excretion rate of Ammonium chloride which could result in a higher serum level. Acebutolol The risk or severity of hyperkalemia can be increased when Acebutolol is combined with Ammonium chloride. Aceclofenac The risk or severity of hyperkalemia can be increased when Aceclofenac is combined with Ammonium chloride. Acemetacin The risk or severity of hyperkalemia can be increased when Ammonium chloride is combined with Acemetacin. Acetazolamide Acetazolamide may increase the excretion rate of Ammonium chloride which could result in a lower serum level and potentially a reduction in efficacy. - Food Interactions
- No interactions found.
Products
Drug product information from 10+ global regionsOur datasets provide approved product information including:dosage, form, labeller, route of administration, and marketing period.Access drug product information from over 10 global regions.- Brand Name Prescription Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Acidax Inj 0.9% USP Liquid .9 % Intravenous Wentworth Hall 1986-12-31 1997-05-30 Canada 
- Generic Prescription Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Ammonium Chloride Injection, solution, concentrate 5 meq/1mL Intravenous Hospira, Inc. 2005-02-28 2012-01-01 US 
- Over the Counter Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Ecopp Long Acting Antibacterial Disinfectant Liquid 0.05 mg/250mL Extracorporeal Shenzhen Econin Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd. 2020-03-28 Not applicable US - Mixture Products
Name Ingredients Dosage Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Acididyn Tab Ammonium chloride (32.4 mg) + Betaine hydrochloride (178.2 mg) Tablet Oral Nutri Dyn Products Ltd. 1975-12-31 1997-08-22 Canada AFIDRYL EXPECTORANT Ammonium chloride (125 mg/5mL) + Diphenhydramine hydrochloride (12.5 mg/5mL) + Sodium citrate dihydrate (5 mg/5mL) Syrup Oral Afiat 2019-01-31 2022-12-31 Indonesia 
ALLAVIN EXPECTORANT Ammonium chloride (135 mg/5ml) + Diphenhydramine hydrochloride (14 mg/5ml) Syrup Oral DUOPHARMA MANUFACTURING (BANGI) SDN. BHD. 2020-09-08 Not applicable Malaysia 
Ambenyl Cough Syrup Ammonium chloride (80 mg / 5 mL) + Bromodiphenhydramine hydrochloride (3.75 mg / 5 mL) + Codeine phosphate (10 mg / 5 mL) + Diphenhydramine hydrochloride (8.75 mg / 5 mL) + Potassium guaiacolsulfonate (80 mg / 5 mL) Liquid Oral Parke Davis Division, Warner Lambert Canada Inc. 1979-12-31 1997-08-25 Canada Anprodryl Syrup Ammonium chloride (125 mg/5ml) + Diphenhydramine hydrochloride (12.5 mg/5ml) Syrup Oral MALAYSIAN PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRIES SDN. BHD. 2020-09-08 Not applicable Malaysia - Unapproved/Other Products
Name Ingredients Dosage Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Ecopp Long Acting Antibacterial Disinfectant Ammonium chloride (0.05 mg/250mL) Liquid Extracorporeal Shenzhen Econin Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd. 2020-03-28 Not applicable US Ecopp Portable Virus Proection Ammonium chloride (0.007 g/3.5g) + Chlorine dioxide (0.595 g/3.5g) Granule Extracorporeal Shenzhen Econin Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd. 2020-03-28 Not applicable US
Categories
- ATC Codes
- G04BA01 — Ammonium chlorideB05XA04 — Ammonium chloride
- Drug Categories
- Acidifying Agents
- Agents causing hyperkalemia
- Ammonium Compounds
- Blood and Blood Forming Organs
- Blood Substitutes and Perfusion Solutions
- Chlorides
- Chlorine Compounds
- Drugs that are Mainly Renally Excreted
- Electrolyte Solutions
- Genito Urinary System and Sex Hormones
- I.V. Solution Additives
- Nitrogen Compounds
- Urinary Acidifying Agents
- Urologicals
- Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
- Description
- This compound belongs to the class of inorganic compounds known as other non-metal halides. These are inorganic compounds containing 'other non-metals' and halogen.
- Kingdom
- Inorganic compounds
- Super Class
- Homogeneous non-metal compounds
- Class
- Other non-metal halides
- Sub Class
- Not Available
- Direct Parent
- Other non-metal halides
- Alternative Parents
- Inorganic chloride salts
- Substituents
- Inorganic chloride salt / Inorganic salt / Other non-metal halide
- Molecular Framework
- Not Available
- External Descriptors
- ammonium salt, inorganic chloride (CHEBI:31206)
- Affected organisms
- Humans and other mammals
Chemical Identifiers
- UNII
- 01Q9PC255D
- CAS number
- 12125-02-9
- InChI Key
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- InChI
- InChI=1S/ClH.H3N/h1H;1H3
- IUPAC Name
- ammonium chloride
- SMILES
- [NH4+].[Cl-]
References
- General References
- External Links
- KEGG Drug
- D01139
- KEGG Compound
- C12538
- PubChem Compound
- 25517
- PubChem Substance
- 347827792
- ChemSpider
- 23807
- 712
- ChEBI
- 31206
- ChEMBL
- CHEMBL1200939
- PharmGKB
- PA448392
- Wikipedia
- Ammonium_chloride
Clinical Trials
- Clinical Trials
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Pharmacoeconomics
- Manufacturers
- Not Available
- Packagers
- Not Available
- Dosage Forms
Form Route Strength Liquid Intravenous .9 % Tablet Oral Injection, solution Parenteral Injection, solution, concentrate Intravenous Injection, solution, concentrate Intravenous 5 meq/1mL Liquid Oral Solution Oral 0.12 g/5ml Syrup Oral 7.5 mg Syrup Oral 125 mg/5ml Solution Oral 100 mg/5ml Syrup Oral 3 g Syrup Oral 90 mg/5mL Syrup Oral 62.5 mg/5mL Syrup Oral 131.5 mg/5mL Elixir Oral Syrup Oral 72 mg/5mL Solution Oral 62.5 mg/5ml Syrup Oral 5 mg/5mL Liquid Extracorporeal 0.05 mg/250mL Granule Extracorporeal Injection, solution Intravenous Syrup Oral 135 mg/5ml Syrup Oral 50 mg/5mL Syrup Syrup Oral 40 mg/5mL Syrup Oral 16.7 mg/5mL Syrup Oral Solution Oral 80 mg/5ml Syrup Oral Granule Syrup Oral 100 mg/5ml Syrup Oral 14 mg Syrup Oral 102 mg/5ml Suspension Oral 62.5 mg/5ml Syrup Oral 2 g Syrup Oral 135 mg/5ml Suspension Oral 135 mg/5ml Solution Suspension Solution Oral Elixir - Prices
- Not Available
- Patents
- Not Available
Properties
- State
- Solid
- Experimental Properties
Property Value Source melting point (°C) 350 ° C (Sublimes) NIOSH, 2016 boiling point (°C) Sublimes NIOSH, 2016 - Predicted Properties
Property Value Source Water Solubility 124.0 mg/mL ALOGPS logP -0.21 ALOGPS logP 0.61 Chemaxon logS 0.37 ALOGPS pKa (Strongest Acidic) -7 Chemaxon Physiological Charge -1 Chemaxon Hydrogen Acceptor Count 0 Chemaxon Hydrogen Donor Count 0 Chemaxon Polar Surface Area 0 Å2 Chemaxon Rotatable Bond Count 0 Chemaxon Refractivity 5.62 m3·mol-1 Chemaxon Polarizability 2.39 Å3 Chemaxon Number of Rings 0 Chemaxon Bioavailability 1 Chemaxon Rule of Five Yes Chemaxon Ghose Filter No Chemaxon Veber's Rule Yes Chemaxon MDDR-like Rule No Chemaxon - Predicted ADMET Features
- Not Available
Spectra
- Mass Spec (NIST)
- Not Available
- Spectra
- Not Available
- Chromatographic Properties
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
Adduct CCS Value (Å2) Source type Source [M-H]- 112.06871 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+H]+ 113.96411 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+Na]+ 122.0633 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
Drug created at September 14, 2010 16:21 / Updated at October 11, 2024 18:19