Anesthetics

Name
Anesthetics
Accession Number
DBCAT000564  (DBCAT003828)
Description

Agents that are capable of inducing a total or partial loss of sensation, especially tactile sensation and pain. They may act to induce general ANESTHESIA, in which an unconscious state is achieved, or may act locally to induce numbness or lack of sensation at a targeted site.

Drugs
DrugDrug Description
AlfaxaloneAlfaxalone, also known as alphaxalone or alphaxolone, is a neuroactive steroid and general anaesthetic. It is used in veterinary practice under the trade name Alfaxan, and is licensed for use...
AlfentanilAn opioid agonist used to induce and maintain anesthesia, as well as an analgesic.
AmbroxolA medication indicated for airway secretion clearance therapy.
AnileridineAn opioid analgesic used to treat moderate to severe pain.
ArticaineA local anesthetic used for inducing local, infiltrative, or conductive anesthesia in both simple and complex dental procedures.
BenzocaineA topical local anesthetic used for the temporary relief of pain and itching associated with minor burns, sunburn, scrapes and insect bites or minor skin irritations.
Benzyl alcoholAn antiparasitic agent used for the topical treatment of head lice infestation in patients 6 months of age and older.
BrexanoloneBrexanolone is a synthetic neuroactive steroid gamma-aminobutyric acid A (GABA(a)) receptor positive modulator indicated for the treatment of postpartum depression (PPD) in adult women [FDA Label] .
BupivacaineA local anesthetic used in a wide variety of superficial and invasive procedures.
ButacaineNot Annotated
ButambenAnesthesia of mucus membranes other than the eyes.
ButanilicaineNot Annotated
CanertinibInvestigated for use/treatment in breast cancer and lung cancer.
CapsaicinA topical analgesic agent used for the symptomatic relief of neuropathic pain associated with post-herpetic neuralgia, as well as other muscle and joint pain.
ChloraloseChloralose is a small molecule drug. Chloralose has a monoisotopic molecular weight of 307.96 Da.
ChloroformChloroform is an organic small molecule, member of the family of the chloromethanes that presents a formula of CHCl3. It is a colorless, sweet-smelling, dense liquid that is produced on...
ChloroprocaineA local anesthetic agent indicated for intrathecal injection in adults for the production of subarachnoid block, spinal anesthesia, or ocular surface anesthesia.
CinchocaineAn anesthetic used for local or regional anesthesia.
CipepofolAn alkylphenol GABA-A positive allosteric modulator used for induction of general anesthesia in adults undergoing surgery.
ClonidineAn alpha-2 adrenergic agonist used to treat hypertension and severe cancer pain, among other conditions, and to treat withdrawal symptoms from various substances. It is also used to aid in the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma and to prevent migraines.
CocaineAn ester local anesthetic used during diagnostic procedures and surgeries in or through the nasal cavities.
CyclopropaneCyclopropane was initially investigated because it was thought to be the toxic element in ethylene. Instead, it turned out to be an excellent anesthetic with very rapid onset and recovery...
DesfluraneA general inhalation anesthetic for inpatient and outpatient surgery in adults.
DexmedetomidineAn alpha-2 agonist used for sedation during various procedures.
DiazepamA long-acting benzodiazepine with rapid onset commonly used to treat panic disorders, severe anxiety, alcohol withdrawal, and seizures.
Diethyl etherNot Annotated
DiphenhydramineA H1 receptor antihistamine used in the treatment of seasonal allergies, and various allergic reactions including sneezing, runny nose, itchy/watery eyes, itching of nose or throat, pruritus, urticaria, insect bites/stings, and allergic rashes.
DyclonineAn topical anesthetic used prior to examination to suppress the gag reflex or for pain relief from canker sores and fever blisters.
EltanoloneEltanolone is under investigation in clinical trial NCT02603926 (Treatment of Fragile-X Associated Tremor/Ataxia Syndrome (FXTAS) With Allopregnanolone).
EnfluraneA halogenated inhalational anesthetic agent used for the induction and maintenance of anesthesia and for analgesia during labor and delivery.
EnibomalNot Annotated
EsketamineA NMDA receptor antagonist used for treatment-resistant depression.
Ethyl chlorideA local anesthetic.
EtidocaineEtidocaine is marketed under the name Duranest. It is an injectable local anesthetic during surgery, labor, and delivery. Etidocaine has a long duration of activity, but has the main disadvantage...
EtomidateA short-acting intravenous anesthetic indicated for the induction of anesthesia and supplementation of subpotent anesthesia during short operative procedures.
FentanylAn opioid analgesic used in anesthesia, for breakthrough cancer pain, or round the clock pain management.
FospropofolA sedative-­hypnotic agent indicated for monitored anesthesia care (MAC) sedation in adult patients undergoing diagnostic or therapeutic procedures.
GaboxadolInvestigated for use/treatment in sleep disorders and insomnia.
gamma-Hydroxybutyric acidGamma-hydroxybutyric acid is a central nervous system depressant indicated for the treatment of cataplexy or excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) in patients aged 7 years and older with narcolepsy, as well...
HalothaneA general inhalation anesthetic used for the induction and maintenance of general anesthesia.
HexobarbitalFor the induction of anesthesia prior to the use of other general anesthetic agents and for induction of anesthesia for short surgical, diagnostic, or therapeutic procedures associated with minimal painful...
IsofluraneAn inhaled general anesthetic used in surgery.
KetamineA rapid-acting general anesthetic and NMDA receptor antagonist used for induction of anesthesia diagnostic and surgical procedures typically in combination with a muscle relaxant.
LevobupivacaineA drug used for nerve block and anesthesia.
LidocaineA local anesthetic used in a wide variety of superficial and invasive procedures.
Magnesium sulfateA drug used to treat convulsions during pregnancy, nephritis in children, magnesium deficiency, and tetany.
MeloxicamAn NSAID used to treat osteoarthritis in adults, rheumatoid arthritis in adults, and juvenile rheumatoid arthritis in pediatrics.
MepivacaineA local anesthetic used for local or regional analgesia or anesthesia.
MetabutethamineNot Annotated
MethohexitalAn anesthetic used to induce deep sedation.
MethoxyfluraneFor use in the induction and maintenance of general anesthesia
MidazolamA short-acting benzodiazepine with rapid onset that is commonly used in seizures, anesthesia and anxiety disorders.
MinaxoloneMinaxolone is a small molecule drug. Minaxolone has a monoisotopic molecular weight of 405.32 Da.
MorphineAn opioid agonist used for the relief of moderate to severe acute and chronic pain.
Nitrous oxideAn inhalatory gas used as an adjunct to improve oxygenation and reduce the need for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in certain neonates with hypoxic respiratory failure.
NorfluraneNorflurane is under investigation in clinical trial NCT01673061 (Vapocoolant Spray for Numbing Small Boils Before Incision and Drainage).
OliceridineA biased opioid agonist indicated for the management of severe acute pain in adult patients. Through preferential activation of G-protein-coupled signalling pathways, oliceridine provides analgesic effect with a comparable or improved safety profile over conventional opioid agonists.
OxethazaineAn antacid used to treat gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, heartburn, esophagitis, hiatus hernia, and anorexia.
OxybuprocaineA local anesthetic used in ophthalmology.
PhenolAn antiseptic and disinfectant used in a variety of settings.
PhenoperidineNot Annotated
PhenoxyethanolAn antiseptic used as a hand disinfectant or preservative in medications.
PramocaineA local anesthetic and antipruritic agent found in various topical preparations.
PrilocaineA local anesthetic used in dental procedures.
ProcaineA local anesthetic used for anesthesia, peripheral nerve block, and spinal nerve block.
PropanididAn intravenous anesthetic that has been used for rapid induction of anesthesia and for maintenance of anesthesia of short duration. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p918)
ProparacaineA topical anesthetic used for ophthalmic practice.
PropofolA medication used in general anesthesia and for sedation.
Propofol HemisuccinateNot Annotated
PropoxycainePropoxycaine is a local anesthetic medication. It was used beginning in the 1950s during dental procedures . It has been combined with procaine to accelerate its onset of action and...
QuinisocaineNot Annotated
RemifentanilAn opioid analgesic used in anesthesia.
RomifidineRomifidine is a veterinary drug utilized as a sedative primarily in large animals, most frequently horses. It is also used less commonly in a wide variety of other animal species....
RopivacaineAn amide-type local anesthetic used for local or regional anesthesia during surgery and for short-term management of acute pain.
SepranoloneSepranolone has been investigated for the treatment of Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder.
SevofluraneA inhalation anaesthetic agent used for induction and maintenance of general anesthesia during surgical procedures.
Sodium oxybateA central nervous system depressant used to treat cataplexy and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) associated with narcolepsy.
SufentanilAn opioid used to induce and maintain anesthesia, to act as an analgesic in labor and delivery, and to treat severe, acute pain.
TetracaineA local anaesthetic agent used to induce local analgesia in the eyes and skin during medical procedures.
TetrodotoxinFor the treatment of chronic and breakthrough pain in advanced cancer patients as well as for the treatment of opioid dependence.
ThiamylalUsed for the production of complete anaesthesia of short duration, for the induction of general anaesthesia, and for inducing a hypnotic state.
ThiopentalA barbiturate used to induce general anesthesia, treat convulsions, and reduce intracranial pressure.
TiletamineThis drug is a dissociative anesthetic agent that falls under the drug category of NMDA receptor antagonists. Tiletamine is chemically similar to another dissociative anesthetic, ketamine. Tiletamine hydrochloride, the salt...
TricaineTricaine (as tricaine methanesulfonate) is white powder used for anesthesia, sedation, or euthanasia of fish. It is also the only anesthetic licensed in the United States for use in fin...
TrichloroethyleneTrichloroethylene is a halocarbon commonly used as an industrial solvent, not to be confused with the similar 1,1,1-trichloroethane, also known as chlorothene. It has been sold under a variety of...
UrethaneUrethane, formerly marketed as an inactive ingredient in Profenil injection, was determined to be carcinogenic and was removed from the Canadian, US, and UK markets in 1963.
Vinyl etherNot Annotated
XenonNot Annotated